1268 - 1268 Centuries: 12th century - 13th century - 14th century Decades: 1210s 1220s 1230s 1240s 1250s - 1260s - 1270s 1280s 1290s 1300s 1310s Years: 1263 1264 1265 1266 1267 - 1268 - 1269 1270 1271 1272 1273 Events May 18 - the Principality of Antioch falls to Mameluk Sultan Baibars. Philip I becomes count of Savoy. Stephen V of Hungary launches a war against Bulgaria. Stefan Dragutin, king of Serbia, marries Katarina, daughter of Stephen V of Hungary. The county of Wernigerode become a vassal state of the margrave of Brandenburg. An earthquake in Cilicia kills 60 000 people. Hojo Tokimune becomes regent of the Kamakura Shogunate. Births Philip IV of France Deaths October 29 - Frederick I, Margrave of Baden (executed by Charles I.
Kingdom of Jerusalem - Baldwin V, Guy took the throne. He proved a disastrous ruler. His close ally Raynald of Chatillon, the lord of Oultrejourdan and the fortress of Kerak, provoked Saladin into open war, and in 1187 the army of the Kingdom was utterly destroyed at the Battle of Hattin. Over the next few months Saladin easily overran the entire Kingdom, save for the port of Tyre, which was ably defended by the newcomer Conrad of Montferrat. The fall of Jerusalem shocked Europe, resulting in the Third Crusade. Thanks to the efforts of Richard the Lion-Hearted, most of the coastal cities of Syria, especially Acre, were recovered, and a treaty was signed with Saladin in 1192 after the Battle of Arsuf. Conrad of Montferrat was married to Isabella, daughter of Amalric I, and made.
Kingdom of Cyprus - After the death of Amalric of Lusignan, the Kingdom continually passed to a series of young boys who grew up as king. The Ibelin family, which had held much power in Jerusalem prior its downfall, acted as regents during these early years. In 1229 one of the Ibelin regents was forced out of power by Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, who brought the struggle between the Guelphs and Ghibellines to the island. Frederick's supporters were defeated in this struggle by 1233, although it lasted longer in Palestine and in Europe. Frederick's Hohenstaufen descendants continued to rule as kings of Jerusalem until 1268 when Hugh I claimed the title for himself upon the death of Conradin, thus uniting the two kingdoms. The territory in Palestine was finally lost while Henry II was.
Hethum I of Armenia - Antioch Euphemie (died 1309), who married to Julien Grenier, Lord of Sidon Rita Maria, who married Guy d'Ibelin During Hethum's reign, he formed an alliance with the Mongols. However, during the last years of his reign the Kingdom battled against the Mamluks, with Antioch (virtually an Armenian dependency) being overrun in May 1268. He abdicated in 1270, and lived out the rest of his life in a monastery. Bibliography T.S.R. Boase, editor. The Cicilian Kingdom of Armenia. Scottish Academic Press, 1978..
History of Ethiopia - the close of the 5th century a great company of monks are believed to have established themselves in the country. Since that time monasticism has been a power among the people and not without its influence on the course of events. In the early part of the 6th century the king of the Himyarites, on the opposite coast of the Red Sea, having persecuted the Christians, the emperor Justinian I requested the king of Auxum, Caleh or El-Esbaha, to avenge their cause. He accordingly collected an army, crossed over into Arabia, and conquered Yemen (c.525), which remained subject to Ethiopia for about fifty years. This was the most flourishing period in the annals of the country. The Ethiopians possessed the richest part of Arabia, carried on a large trade, which extended.
History of Württemberg - preceded the arrival of the Suebi. In the 1st century A.D. the Romans conquered the land and defended their position there by constructing a rampart (limes). Early in the 3rd century the Alemanni drove the Romans beyond the Rhine and the Danube, but in their turn they succumbed to the Franks under Clovis, the decisive battle taking place in 496. For about four hundred years the district formed part of the Frankish empire, being administered by counts, but in the 9th century the German duchy of Swabia subsumed it. The Hohenstaufen family controlled the duchy of Swabia until the death of Conradin in 1268, when a considerable part of its lands fell to the count of Württemberg, the representative of a family first mentioned about 1080, a certain Conrad von Beutelsbach,.
History of Bavaria - to his brother-in-law Henry of Luxembourg; after whose death in 1026 it passed successively to Henry, afterwards the emperor Henry III, and to another member of the family of Luxembourg, ruling as Duke Henry VII. In 1061 the empress Agnes, mother of and regent for the German king Henry IV, entrusted the duchy to Otto of Nordheim, whom the king deposed in 1070, granting the duchy to Count Welf, a member of an influential Bavarian family. In consequence of his support of Pope Gregory VII in his quarrel with Henry, Welf lost but subsequently regained Bavaria; his sons ruled in succession to him: WeIf II from 1101 and Henry IX from 1120. Both these dukes exercised considerable influence among the German princes. Henry IX's son Henry X, called the Proud, succeeded.
History of early Arab Egypt - hands of the Crusaders. In 1118 Egypt was invaded by Baldwin I of Jerusalem, who burned the gates and the mosques of Farama, and advanced to Tinnis, when illness compelled him to retreat. In August 1121 al-Aflal was assassinated in a street of Cairo, it is said, with the connivance of the Caliph, who immediately began the plunder of his house, where fabulous treasures were said to be amassed. The vizier's offices were given to al-Mamn. His external policy was not more fortunate than that of his predecessor, as he lost Tyre to the Crusaders, and a fleet equipped by him was defeated by the Venetians. In 1150 Ascalon was lost, the last place in Syria which the Fatimids held; its loss was attributed to dissensions between the parties of which.
House of Bourbon - the house of Bourbon became monarchs of France, Spain and southern Italy. The Bourbon Dynasty owes its name to the marriage (1268) of Robert, count of Clermont, sixth son of king Louis IX of France, to Beatrice, heiress to the lordship of Bourbon. Their son Louis was made duke of Bourbon in 1327. Though his line was dispossessed of the dukedom after two centuries, a junior line of the family went on to gain the crown of Navarre (1555) and of France (1589). Other lines descended from the French Bourbon dynasty went on to rule Spain (from 1700-1808, 1813-1868, and 1875-1931, and again from 1975 to the present) and the kingdom of the Two Sicilies (1734-1806 and 1815-1860, and Sicily only in 1806-1816), but the French line lost the throne for.
Hojo clan - Hojo Tsunetoki (1224-1246) (r. 1242-1246) 5 Hojo Tokiyori (1227-1263) (r. 1246-1256) 6 Hojo Nagatoki (1229-1264) (r. 1256-1264) 7 Hojo Masamura (1205-1273) (r. 1264-1268) 8 Hojo Tokimune (1251-1284) (r. 1268-1284) 9 Hojo Sadatoki (1271-1311) (r. 1284-1301) 10 Hojo Morotoki (1275-1311) (r. 1301-1311) 11 Hojo Munenobu (1259-1312) (r. 1311-1312) 12 Hojo Hirotoki (1279-1315) (r. 1312-1315) 13 Hojo Mototoki (?-1333) (r. 1315) 14 Hojo Takatoki (1303-1333) (r. 1316-1326) 15 Hojo Sadaaki (1278-1333) (r. 1326) 16 Hojo Moritoki (?-1333) (r. 1327-1333) Aside from regents above, those who played an important role among the Hojo clan are: Hojo Sanetoki See the late Hojo clan for the Hojo clan in Sengoku Period. See also: shogun, tokuso, rensho, Kamakura shogun, Cloistered rule -- History of Japan -- Lists of incumbents.
Hojo Tokimune - 8th regent of the Kamakura shogunate (r. 1268-84) who led Japanese force againt the invasion of the Mongol. Born as the eldest son of the regent Tokiyori, Tokimune became a regent at age 18. This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by fixing it..
Hugh I of Jerusalem - Isabella of Cyprus (daughter of Hugh I of Cyprus) and Henry of Antioch. He became King of Jerusalem on the execution of Conradin in 1268. His claim to the throne of Jerusalem was challenged by Charles of Anjou. He was married to Isabella of Ibelin. He had six children: John (died 1285) who succeeded him as King of Jerusalem and Cyprus. Henry (died 1306) who succeeded John as King Amalric of Tyre (died 1310) who succeeded Henry as King Guy, father of Hugh IV of Cyprus Margaret, who married Thoros III of Armenia Maria, who married James of Sicily This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by fixing it. Preceded by: Conradin Kingdom of Jerusalem Followed by: John II Preceded by: Hugh II Kingdom of Cyprus Followed.
Guelphs and Ghibellines - Swabia and Otto of Brunswick were rivals for the throne. Philip was supported by the Ghibellines as a relative of Frederick I, while Otto was supported by the Guelphs. Philip’s heir, Frederick II, was an enemy of both Otto and the Papacy, and during Frederick’s reign the Guelphs became more strictly associated with the Papacy while the Ghibellines became supporters of the Empire. Frederick II also introduced this division to the Crusader States in Syria during the Sixth Crusade. After the death of Frederick II in 1250 the Ghibellines were supported by Conrad IV and later Manfred, while the Guelphs were supported by Charles of Anjou. After the Hohenstaufen line went extinct with Conradin’s death in 1268, the Guelphs and Ghibellines became associated with individual families and cities, rather than the.
Frederick I, Margrave of Baden - Baden Frederick I, Margrave of Baden (1249 - October 29, 1268, margrave from October 4, 1250), the only son of Margrave Herman VI of Baden and of Gertrude of Austria (the only daughter of Duke Henry "the Godless" of Austria), grew up at the Bavarian court with his friend Conradin. In 1250 he also became (in right of his mother), titular duke of Austria and Styria. After accompanying Conradin on his Italian expedition, Frederick passed into captivity on September 8, 1268 at Astura to the south of Anzio. Handed over to Charles of Anjou, he remained in degrading imprisonment in the Castell dell 'Ovo in Naples until publicly beheaded in the Piazza del Mercato in Naples on October 29..
Earl of Warwick - contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Earls of Warwick, first Creation (1066) 2 Earls of Warwick, second Creation (1547) 3 Earls of Warwick, third Creation (1618) 4 Earls of Warwick, fourth Creation (1759) Earls of Warwick, first Creation (1066) Henry de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Warwick (c. 1048-1119) Roger de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Warwick (c. 1102-1153) William de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Warwick (d. 1184) Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick (d. 1203?) Henry de Beaumont, 5th Earl of Warwick (c. 1195-1229) Thomas de Beaumont, 6th Earl of Warwick (d. 1242) John du Plessis, 7th Earl of Warwick (d. 1263) William Maudit, 8th Earl of Warwick (c. 1220-1268) William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick (c. 1240-1298) Guy de Beauchamp, 10th Earl of Warwick (d. 1315) Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of.
Doges of Venice - Faliero, (1102) 35- Domenico Michele, (1117) 36- Pietro Polani, (1130) 37- Domenico Morosini, (1148) 38- Vital II Michele, (1156) 39- Sebastian Ziani, (1172) 40- Orio Mastropiero, (1178) 41- Enrico Dandolo, (1192) 42- Pietro Ziani, (1205) 43- Jacopo Tiepolo, (1229) 44- Marino Merosini, (1249) 45- Reniero Zeno, (1252) 46- Lorenzo Tiepolo, (1268) 47- Jacopo Contarini, (1275) 48- Giovanni Dandolo, (1280) 49- Pietro Gradenigo, (1289) 50- Marino Zorzi, (1311) 51- Giovanni Soranzo, (1312) 52- Francesco Dandolo, (1328) 53- Bartolomeo Gradenigo, (1339) 54- Andrea Dandolo, (1342) 55- Marino Faliero, (1354) 56- Giovanni Gradenigo, (1355) 57- Giovanni Delfino, (1356) 58- Lorenzo Celsi, (1361) 59- Marco Cornaro, (1365) 60- Andrea Contarini, (1367) 61- Michele Morosini, (1382) 62- Antonio Veniero, (1382) 63- Michele Steno, (1400) 64- Tommaso Mocenigo, (1413) 65- Francesco Foscari, (1423) 66- Pasqual Malipiero, (1457).
Dogen Zenji - liberation of body and mind, free from ego. Dogen came back to Japan after four years abroad. In 1244 he established Eihei-ji, the main Soto monastery, in Echizen, now Fukui to spread his Buddhist religion. The temple is still one of the two head temples of the Soto sect today. He spent about 10 years for teaching in there. His masterpiece is the Shobogenzo, a collection of essays on Buddhadharma in 95 chapters, that reveals his thoughts and faith. He employed Japanese language to write, which was unconventional in that time, and put down the point in simple, logical and concise style. He was followed by Keizan (1268 - 1325), who popularized Soto Zen. A famous quote from Dogen: To study the Way is to study the self. To study the.
1260s - Years: 1260 1261 1262 1263 1264 1265 1266 1267 1268 1269 Events and Trends.
1273 - - 1270s - 1280s 1290s 1300s 1310s 1320s Years: 1268 1269 1270 1271 1272 - 1273 - 1274 1275 1276 1277 1278 Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Events 2 Births 3 Deaths 4 Monarchs/Presidents Events St. Thomas Aquinas completes his Summa Theologica. Rudolph of Hapsburg is elected king of Germany. The Latin Empire of Constantinople officially falls with Baldwin II's death. The battle of Xiangyang (in which the first combat use of firearms in history occurs) concludes. The Sambyeolcho Rebellion ends. The order of the Whirling Dervishes is founded by the followers of the late Rumi. Henry III of Champagne is crowned king of Navarre. Births Abulfeda, geographer Deaths Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi (poet and Sufi mystic) on December 17. Baldwin II of Constantinople Hojo Masamura Monarchs/Presidents Aragon - James I.
1272 - 1270s - 1280s 1290s 1300s 1310s 1320s Years: 1267 1268 1269 1270 1271 - 1272 - 1273 1274 1275 1276 1277 Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Events 2 Births 3 Deaths 4 State leaders Events August 6 - Stephen V's death makes his son, Ladislaus, King of Hungary. November 20 - Following Henry III of England's death on November 16, his son Prince Edward becomes King of England. Count Floris V of Holland makes an unsuccessful attack on Frisia in an attempt to recover the body of his father. Robert Kilwardby is named Archbishop of Canterbury by Pope Gregory X Gouda is granted the rights of a city Births Frederick III of Sicily Deaths Emperor Go-Saga of Japan Stephen V of Hungary - August 6 Henry III of England - November.
