Anti-aircraft vehicle - Anti-aircraft vehicle A self-propelled anti-aircraft vehicle is an armoured fighting vehicle that may have either a tank or APC chassis, but mount rapid-fire multi-barrel guns designed for use against aircraft..
Anti-aircraft - Anti-aircraft Anti-aircraft, or air defense, is any method of combating military aircraft from the ground. Various guns and cannons have been used in this role since the first military aircraft were used in World War I, growing in power and accuracy over the years. Starting in the post-World War II era the guns were joined by the guided missile, and today both are used in combination in most roles. Nicknames for anti-aircraft guns include AAA or triple-A for anti-aircraft artillery, ack-ack (from the World War I phonetic alphabet for AA), archie, a WWI British term, and flak (from the German fliegerabwehrkanonen, aircraft defense guns). An anti-aircraft missile is a ground-based missile used to destroy aircraft. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 History 1.1 Earliest use 1.2 World.
Invincible class aircraft carrier - Invincible class aircraft carrier See also HMS Invincible The Invincible class aircraft carrier is a design currently in use by the Royal Navy. There are three carriers of this class in operation - the HMS Invincible (R05, 1980), the HMS Illustrious (R06, 1982) and the HMS Ark Royal (R07, 1985 (initially she was to be the Indomitable)). The sixth (and current) HMS Invincible. The original class design was for a 12,500 ton escort carrier as a complement to the much larger CVA fleet carrier project. The CVA was cancelled in 1966 and the escort carrier design was reworked for a ASW cruiser with six helicopters and command capability. The helicopter load was then increased to nine and the vessel was again redesigned into a 19,500 ton carrier. To.
Italian aircraft carrier Giuseppe Garibaldi - Italian aircraft carrier Giuseppe Garibaldi The MM Giuseppe Garibaldi (C 551) is the first aircraft carrier of the Italian Navy (Marina Militare). She is based in Taranto and is the flagship of the fleet. She is designed for anti-submarine operations. Her air-arm consists of either a maximum sixteen AV-8B Harrier IIs, or eighteen Augusta helicopters or a mix of helicopters and fighters. The flight-deck is the characteristic off-axis design with ski-jump for STOL aircraft, it is 174 m long and 30 m wide. The ship is also equipped with an eight-cell surface-to-surface missile system, and two 324 mm three-tube torpedo launchers. Defences are provided by two eight-cell SAM launchers firing the SARH Aspide missile, additional defences are offered by three Breda 40 mm twin-gun mounts. Counter-measures include.
United States of America military aircraft designation systems - United States of America military aircraft designation systems Historical note on Designation Systems From 1920 to 1947 the US Army Air Service/US Army Air Corps/US Army Air Force used a designation system based on mission category, with each model in a category numbered in turn. From 1922 to 1962 the US Navy (including US Marine Corps) used a completely separate designation system, based on both mission and manufacturer. From 1947 to 1962 the US Air Force used a mission-based system different to, but derived from, the 1920-1947 system. For instance, the Lockheed P-80 `Shooting Star' (Pursuit) was re-designated as F-80 (Fighter), but the Convair B-36 bomber kept its previous designation. From 1962 to now a joint system of mission-based designations was used, with most of these re-starting from 1. Various.
Ground attack aircraft - Ground attack aircraft A ground attack aircraft is an aircraft that is designed to operate very close to the ground, supporting infantry and tanks directly in battle. They are used essentially as mobile machine guns and anti-tank guns against single targets, as opposed to bombers which typically attack more "strategic" targets. This classification goes by a number of names, including attack aircraft, fighter-bomber, tactical fighter and even includes the dive bomber. Very few aircraft have been dedicated to the ground attack role, most that are used in this role are actually fighterss or light bombers. Most of the dedicated designs came from early World War II when the available power from aircraft engines was so limited that every plane had to be dedicated to a single task. The.
Antimony - of diodes, infrared detectors, and Hall-effect devices. As an alloy, this semi-metal greatly increases lead's hardness and mechanical strength. The most important use of antimony metal is as a hardener in lead for storage batteries. Other uses; Batteries, antifriction alloys, type metal, small arms and tracer bullets, cable sheathing Antimony compounds in the form of; oxides, sulfides, sodium antimonate, and antimony trichloride are used in the making of flame-proofing compounds, ceramic enamels, glass, paints, and pottery. Antimony trioxide is the most important of the antimony compounds and is primarily used in flame-retardant formulations. These flame-retardant applications include such markets as children's clothing, toys, aircraft and automobile seat covers. History Antimony (Greek anti plus monos meaning "a metal not found alone") was recognized in antiquity in various compounds and was later known.
Anti-ballistic missile - Anti-ballistic missile An anti-ballistic missile (ABM) is a missile designed to disable the warheads of intercontinental ballistic missiles: a missile designed to counter the strategic ballistic missiles used to deliver nuclear weapons or their elements in flight trajectory. ABMs may also be used against Chemical or Biological payloads. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 History of ABMs 1.1 Early developments 1.2 Prototypes and deployment plans 1.3 The MIRV problem 1.4 The ABM Treaty of 1972 1.5 Reagan and "Star Wars" 1.6 The George W. Bush administration and ABM 1.7 International ABM efforts 2 Related topics 3 External Links History of ABMs Early developments The idea of shooting down rockets before they can hit their target dates from the first use of modern missiles in warfare, the German.
Kamen - Kamen Kaman Aircraft was founded in 1945 by Charles Kaman . During the first ten years the company operates exclusively as a designer and manufacturer of several helicopters that set world records and achieved many aviation firsts. Since 1956 Kaman begins to diversify as an aerospace subcontrator of Mc Donnell, Grumman and others December 1945 : With $2,000 and his invention of the servo-flap controlled rotor , 26-year-old Charles Kaman founds the company. January 15, 1947 : K-125 : Kaman's first helicopter July, 1949 : K-225 An improved version, the U.S. Navy buys two and Coast Guard one for $25,000 each. Later, they will receive the H-22 designation. December 1951 : A modified K-225 equipped with a Boeing 502 engine becomes the world's first gas turbine powered helicopter.
KdF Ship Wilhelm Gustloff - Gustloff was used primarily as a barracks ship for U-boat trainees. Its final voyage was an evacuation of civilians and German soldiers and sailors from Gotenhafen (now and before the war known as Gdynia), the major port north-west of Danzig, shortly before it would be captured by the Russians. For the trip, it was equipped fore and aft with anti-aircraft guns. Heavily overloaded and carrying only about 50% of the rescue equipment necessary to rescue its passengers if need be, the ship left Gotenhafen early on January 30, 1945. That evening, escorted by only a small minesweeper, Wilhelm Gustloff was attacked. Somewhere between Danzig and the Danish island of Bornholm it was torpedoed by the Soviet submarine S-13, commanded by Aleksandr Marinesko, taking three direct hits at around 9.00 p.m. An.
Kenyan hotel bombing - Israeli tourists who have been presumed to be the targets of the attack. At the same time two anti-aircraft missiles were fired at an Arkia Boeing 757 airliner, which only narrowly missed. The two attacks are suspected to be connected, and it is suspected that al-Qaeda may be involved in the attacks. 12 people were detained in connection with the hotel bombing, including six Pakistanis and four Somalis, as well as an American and her Spanish husband, both of whom were later released. Al Qaeda claimed responsibility for this attack on the Jehad.net website, which since had been taken down. Links and references Kenyan May Have Talked to Bombers, Washington Post, December 2, 2002 After Blast, Kenya Reviews Qaeda's Trail in East Africa, The New York Times, December 1, 2002 ATTACKS.
Kerrison Predictor - Kerrison Predictor was one of the first fully-automated anti-aircraft predictors, which would attempt to predict the correct aim at a plane based on simple inputs like the observed speed and angle to the target. Such devices had been used on ships for gunnery control for some time, but the electromechanical Kerrison was the first to be fast enough to be used in the demanding high-speed anti-aircraft role. The Kerrison Predictor was developed after it had been realized that modern aircraft on the attack flew too quickly for existing traversal systems on medium-sized guns to work. Smaller guns could be aimed by hand due to the short ranges at which they operated, and larger guns shot at targets so far away that the speed that the angle changed at was low enough.
Korean War - to July 27, 1953, was a conflict between communist North and anti-communist South Korea. It was also a proxy war between the United States and the Soviet Union. Principal combatants were North and South Korea, the United States and the People's Republic of China, although many nations sent troops under the aegis of the United Nations. The Soviet Union also supplied combat advisors and aircraft pilots, in addition to arms, for the Chinese and North Korean troops. In US parlance Korea was officially a police action, not a war. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Origins 2 The War Begins 3 Western Reaction 4 Inchon Landing 5 Entrance of the Chinese 6 Stalemate 7 Legacy 7.1 Korea 7.2 United States 7.3 China 7.4 Japan 8 Artistic Depiction 9 Further reading 10.
KwK 36 - weapon of the Pzkw VI Tiger I tank. Although it is often said that this gun was based on the Flak 36 88mm anti-aircraft gun, in fact there was no similarity. The KwK 36 was built to practically the same design as the 75mm and 50mm guns already used in German tanks, but with the structure scaled up considerably. The breech ring was square in section and 320mm on a side. See also: KwK 43 L71.
January 2002 - the 44th annual Grammy Awards from the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. The movies Impostor, Eisenstein, Black Hawk Down, and Gosford Park are released in the U.S. - several are actually worth seeing. January 3, 2002 Beer brewer Freddy Heineken (grandson of the brewery's founder) died in his home at the age of 78. January 1, 2002 Euro banknotes and coins become legal tender in 12 member states of the European Union. Topics in the news in January 2002 Ethnicity: Israeli - Jew - Palestinian Geography: Re Colin Powell's speech: Gaza - Gaza Strip - Golan Heights - Israel - Judea - Palestine - Syria - West Bank Re airport security bill: Reagan National Airport Re germ warfare: Iraq - North Korea Law: anti-terrorism legislation Organizations, governmental and professional:.
Japanese battleship Yamato - Kure naval dockyards from November 4, 1937. She was launched on August 8, 1940 and commissioned on December 16, 1941. There were intended to be four ships of this class, but the Shinano was converted to an aircraft carrier during construction (sunk 1944) and the un-named Warship Number 111 was scrapped in 1943 when around 30% complete. The proposed super Yamato class, with 508 mm guns, was abandoned. She was the flagship of Isoroku Yamamoto from February 12, 1942. Replaced as flagship by the Musashi she spent much of 1943 in harbor at Truk. The anti-aircraft defences were greatly increased in 1943 at Kure but as she returned to Truk on December 25, 1943 she was badly damaged by a torpedo from USS Skate and was not fully repaired until April.
James Stockdale - to Pensacola, Florida for flight training. In 1954, Stockdale was accepted into the Test Pilot School at Patuxent River, Maryland. Among his classmates there was John Glenn. On a mission over North Vietnam on September 9, 1965, Stockdale ejected from his A-4E Skyhawk, which had been disabled from anti-aircraft fire. Stockdale parachuted into a small village where he was severely beaten and taken into custody. He was held as a prisoner of war in the Hoa Lo prison for the next seven years. Locked in leg irons in a bath stall, he was routinely tortured and beaten. When told by his captors that he was to be paraded in public, Stockdale slit his scalp with a razor and beat himself in the face with a stool. His captors did not dare.
Jeremiah O'Brien - Engine: 3-cylinder, reciprocating triple expansion steam Armament: 8 x 20mm anti-aircraft gun, 1 x 3 in gun, 1 x 5 in gun In June 1943, the Liberty Ship S.S. Jeremiah O'Brien slid down the ways at the New England Shipbuilding Corporation in South Portland, Maine. Shortly thereafter she entered service, operated by Grace Line for the War Shipping Administration. Named for the first American to capture a British naval vessel during the Revolutionary War, the O'Brien made seven World War II voyages, ranging from England and Northern Ireland to South America, to India, to Australia. She also made eleven crossings of the English Channel carrying personnel and supplies to the Normandy beaches in support of the D-Day invasion. After the war, she was "mothballed" and laid up in the Reserve Fleet.
Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger - Inn, in Bavaria, Germany, Ratzinger entered a preparatory seminary in 1939. In 1943, at the age of 16 he was, along with the rest of his class, drafted into the Flak or anti-aircraft corps. He went into basic training for the Wehrmacht infantry in November of 1944. In 1945 he was interned in a POW camp as a German soldier. By June he was released, and he and his brother (Georg) reentered seminary. On June 29, 1951, he and his brother were ordained by Cardinal Faulhaber of Munich. His dissertation (1953) was on Saint Augustine, his Habilitationschrift (second dissertation) on Saint Bonaventure. Ratzinger was a professor at the University of Bonn from 1959 until 1963, when he moved to the University of Muenster. In 1966, he took a chair in dogmatic.
John Glenn - was assigned to the Marines VMO-155 group in 1944. Glenn flew a Corsair over the Marshall Islands, specifically Maloelap, where he was tasked with attacking anti-aircraft gunnery and ground bombardment. By 1945, he was transferred to the Patuxent River Test Pilot School, where he became a test pilot and was promoted to Captain by the war's end. After the war, Glenn flew patrol missions in North China, based in Guam, but in 1948 he became an flight instructor at Corpus Christi, Texas, then undertook an amphibious warfare course and was assigned a staff assignment, all the while angling to get transferred to combat in Korea. Once there, after flying combat missions for the marines, Glenn got the chance to fly with the Air Force on an inter-service exchange. Flying an Air.
