Antiviral drug - Antiviral drug Modern medical science and practice has a big kit of effective tools, ranging from antiseptics and anesthetics to vaccines and antibiotics. One field in which medicine has been traditionally weak, however, is in finding drugs to deal with viral infections. To be sure, highly effective vaccines have been developed to prevent such diseases, but traditionally, once somebody came down sick with a virus, there was little that could be done but recommend rest and plenty of fluids until the disease ran its course. Since the mid-1980s, that scenario has changed dramatically. Dozens of "antiviral" treatments are now available, and most medical researchers feel we are only scratching at the surface of what can be done with these new drugs. The emergence of antivirals is.
Antiretroviral drug - Antiretroviral drug Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 What Antiretroviral drugs are 2 Why there are so many of these drugs 3 Why it still isn't enough 4 Antiretroviral drugs include: 4.1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (RTIs) 4.1.1 Nucleoside Analog Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NARTIs) or (NRTIs). 4.1.2 NonNucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs) 4.1.3 Nucleotide Analog Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NtARTIs) or (NtRTIs) 4.2 Protease inhibitors (PIs) 4.3 Fusion Inhibitors 4.4 Fixed Combinations 4.5 Synergistic enhancers 5 External Links What Antiretroviral drugs are People with HIV/AIDS are often prescribed a combination of drugs that inhibit HIV at different steps in its life cycle. These are known as antiretroviral drugs. They are given in various combinations of three or four drugs, known as Highly Active Anti Retroviral Therapy or HAART, to inhibit.
Jerome Horowitz - Horowitz, in 1964, first synthesized zidovudine, an antiviral drug, under a US National Institutes of Health grant..
Genital wart - or disappear. Therefore, if you suspect you have genital warts, you should be examined and treated, if necessary. Depending on factors such as the size and location of the genital warts, a doctor will offer you one of several ways to treat them. Imiquimod, an immune response cream which you can apply to the affected area A 20 percent podophyllin anti-mitotic solution, which you can apply to the affected area and later wash off A 0.5 percent podofilox solution, applied to the affected area but shouldn’t be washed off A 5 percent 5-fluorouracil cream Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) If you are pregnant, you should not use podophyllin or podofilox because they are absorbed by the skin and may cause birth defects in your baby. In addition, you should not use 5-fluorouracil cream.
1964 - in Mississippi after disappearing on June 21. August 4 - Vietnam War: United States destroyers USS Maddox and USS C. Turner Joy are attacked in the Gulf of Tonkin. Air support from the carrier USS Ticonderoga sinks two, possibly three North Vietnamese gunboats. August 5 - Vietnam War: Operation Pierce Arrow - American aircraft from carriers USS Ticonderoga and USS Constellation bomb North Vietnam in retaliation for strikes against US destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin. August 7 - Vietnam War: The United States Congress passes the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution giving US President Lyndon B. Johnson broad war powers to deal with North Vietnamese attacks on American forces. August 16 - Vietnam War: In a coup, General Nguyen Khanh replaces Duong Van Minh as South Vietnam's chief of state and.
Apoptosis - can occur, for instance, when a cell is damaged beyond repair, or infected with a virus. The "decision" for apoptosis can come from the cell itself, from its surrounding tissue or from a call that is part of the immune system. If a cell's capability of apoptosis is damaged (for example, by mutation), or if the initiation of apoptosis is blocked (by a virus), a damaged cell can continue dividing without restrictions, developing into cancer. For example, as part of the hijacking of the cell's genetic system carried out by human papiloma viruses (HPV), a gene called E6 is expressed in a product that degrades p53 protein, which is a vital piece of the apoptotic pathway. This severe interference in the apoptotic capability of cells plays a critical role in the.
AZT - of azidothymidine, abbreviated AZT) is an anti-retroviral drug, the first antiviral treatment to be approved for use against HIV. It is also sold under the names Retrovir and Retrovis. AZT was originally developed to treat cancer, at a time when it was thought that cancer was caused by a retrovirus. This premise is not as odd as it may sound today, avian cancers are caused by viruses, and it was thought that the mammalian version simply hadn't been found yet. A considerable amount of research was put into discovering ways to block this virus once it was found. By the 1970s the viral premise of cancer was coming under increased scrutiny and most such research ended. Jerome Horowitz first synthesized the drug in 1964, under a US National Institutes of Health.
Cytomegalovirus - should be educated concerning CMV, its transmission, and hygienic practices, such as handwashing, which minimize the risk of infection. Susceptible nonpregnant women working with infants and children should not routinely be transferred to other work situations. Pregnant women working with infants and children should be informed of the risk of acquiring CMV infection and the possible effects on the unborn child. Routine laboratory testing for CMV antibody in female workers is not recommended, but can be performed to determine their immune status Immunocompromised Patients Primary (or the initial) CMV infection in the immunocompromised patient can cause serious disease. However, the more common problem is the reactivation of the dormant virus. Infection with CMV is a major cause of disease and death in immunocompromised patients, including organ transplant recipients, patients undergoing hemodialysis,.
Pharmacology - about medicinal substances, called pharmaceuticals, or simply "drugs". The field encompases drug composition, drug properties, interactions, toxicology, and desirable effects that can be used in therapy of diseases. Greek : pharmacon - drug, logos - science. Medication drugs have to be approved by drug regulatory authorities. This field is called regulatory affairs. The International Conference on Harmonisation works in the standardisation for this. There are various classification systems for medicinal products including ATC classification. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Classes of medicinal products 1.1 For the Gastrointestinal Tract 1.2 For the Cardiovascular System 1.3 For the Central Nervous System 1.4 For Pain 1.5 For Musculo-Skeletal Disorders 1.6 For Endocrine problems 1.7 For the Genito-Urinary System 1.8 For Infections and Infestations 1.9 For Immunology 1.10 For Nutrition 1.11 For the Respiratory System.
Illegal drug trade - Illegal drug trade In jurisdictions where certain addictive drugs are illegal, they are generally supplied by criminal drug dealers, often in the form of organized crime. Trade in them is driven by the neurophysiology of drug addiction, and the economics of greed and poverty. The addict's need to support the high cost of illegal addictive drugs is one of the major causes of crime. Some estimates place the value of the global trade in illegal drugs at around $400 billion per year (U.S. dollars as of 2000). Major consumer countries include the United States and European nations, although consumption is world-wide. As with legal commerce, the illegal drug trade is multi-layered and often multi-national, with layers of manufacturers, processors, distributors, wholesalers and retailers. Financing is also important,.
Immunosuppressive drug - Immunosuppressive drug Immunosuppressive drugs suppress the immune system, blocking the body's ability to fight infection or foreign substances that enter the body. A person receiving an organ transplant is given these drugs to stop the body from rejecting the new organ or tissue. Cyclosporine and tacrolimus are the most commonly used immunosuppressive drug. Cortisone was the first known drug in this class..
Intravenous drug - Intravenous drug An intravenous drug (IV drug) is a drug administered intravenously, either by an intravenous drip or a syringe. As it is one of the most effective methods of administering drugs with rapid effect, it is used widely used in medical practice and by recreational drug users. The reuse of syringes to administer drugs intravenously is a primary vector for diseases that can be transmitted through blood, and the practice is expressly forbidden in medicine. However, such reuse, known colloquially as needle sharing, is common among users of illegal drugs. Because these diseases include fatal venereal diseases such as hepatitis and AIDS, illegal IV drug use has become a societal health threat, and programs to decrease needle sharing have been established, often in contravention of the.
Hallucinogenic drug - Hallucinogenic drug Hallucinogenic drugs are typically non-addictive alkaloid chemical substances that produce in humans altered sense-perceptions or states of consciousness. More specifically, they are characterized by classes of pharmacological agents which change the subjective qualities of perception, thought and emotion. In the basic definition, there is no quantitative change in alertness/activity. In practice, however, hallucinogenic drugs may have such activity in addition to their hallucinogenic effect; very few drugs have only a single effect on the human body. As with all chemicals, whether the effect is medicinal, narcotic, or poisonous depends on the chemical and the dosage. Many such chemicals are also called "psychedelics" or "entheogens". Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 History of Hallucinogenic Drug Use 1.1 Europe 1.2 Native American use of Peyote 1.3 Hallucinogens After.
Hard drug - Hard drug Hard drugs are drugs that bear an unacceptable risk, such as cocaine and heroine. There opposed to soft drugs, such as marijuana and hashish. This is a stub.
Kavalactone - is the acive ingredient found in kava. Effects of the drug include mild sedation, a slight numbing of the gums and mouth, and vivid dreams. The amount of kavalactones consumed is not the same as the amout of kava consumed. Potencies vary dramatically and are highest in liquid extractions. The United States FDA has warned that liver damage is possible..
Ketamine - anesthetic doses, it sometimes stimulates the circulatory system rather than depresses it. It is sometimes possible to perform ketamine anesthesia without protective measures to the airways. Ketamine is also a potent analgesic and can be used in sub-anesthetic doses to relieve acute pain; however, its psychotropic properties must be taken into account. There is research going on in its usefulness in pain therapy and for the treatment of alcoholism and heroin addiction. Ketamine is a Schedule III drug in the United States, and is used in many other countries, such as Mexico. Patients sometimes reported going into other worlds or seeing god while anesthetized: these unwanted psychological side-effects made ketamine less used. Psychopharmacologically it is a non-competitive glutamate inhibitor at the NMDA receptors. These occur mainly in the hippocampal formation and.
Ketoprofen - propionic acid class of [[NSAIDnon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug]] (NSAID) with additional analgesic and anti-pyretic effects. It acts by inhibiting the body's production of prostaglandin. Brand names in the US are Orudis and Oruvail. See also: pharmacology, aspirin..
Kentucky Derby - 1993 Sea Hero 1994 Go for Gin 1995 Thunder Gulch 1996 Grindstone 1997 Silver Charm 1998 Real Quiet 1999 Charismatic 2000 Fusaichi Pegasus 2001 Monarchos 2002 War Emblem 2003 Funny Cide An * designates a Triple Crown Winner ++ Dancer's Image finished first, but was disqualified when a postrace examination revealed traces of a banned drug in the horse..
Keith Richards - the Stones. In addition to his work with the Stones, Richards also has an illustrious solo career. Richards is known by many for his drug habit more than for his guitar work. Solo Discography Talk is Cheap (1988) Live At the Hollywood Palladium (1991, live) Main Offender (1992) This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by fixing it..
Keith Green - In his eary teens, with more than 50 original songs under his belt, Green was signed to Decca Records. Decca had plans to make Green a teen-idol, regularly getting the young man featured in fanzines like Teen Scene and on popular television shows like The Jack Benny Show and Steve Allen's show. Time Magazine called Green "a prepubescent dreamboat". By his mid teens, Green became heavily involved in drug use, eastern religion, astrology, and mysticism. Green converted to Christianity in the early 1970s. Green married his wife Melody in 1973. It was around this time that the newly married Green couple became friends with Bob Dylan, who attended the same church. The Greens began an outreach program to California by purchasing seven homes to provide housing and care for prostitutes, drug.
