Application Programming Interface - Application Programming Interface An Application Programming Interface (API) is a set of definitions of the ways in which one piece of computer software communicates with another. It is a method of achieving abstraction, usually (but not necessarily) between lower-level and higher-level software. One of the primary purposes of an API is to provide a set of commonly-used functions—for example, to draw windows or icons on the screen. Programmers can then take advantage of the API by making use of its functionality, saving them the task of programming everything from scratch. APIs themselves are abstract: software which provides a certain API is often called the implementation of that API. For example, one may look at the task of writing "Hello World" on a screen at increasing levels.
Visual Basic for Applications programming language - Visual Basic for Applications programming language Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) is an implementation of Microsoft's Visual Basic which is built into all Microsoft Office applications, some other Microsoft applications such as Visio and is at least partially implemented in some other applications such as AutoCAD and WordPerfect. It supersedes and expands on the capabilities of earlier application-specific macro programming languages such as Word's WordBasic, and can be used to control almost all aspects of the host application, including manipulating user interface features such as menus and toolbars and working with custom user forms or dialog boxes. As its name suggests, VBA is closely related to Visual Basic, but can normally only run code from within a host application rather than as a standalone program. It can however be.
Application Binary Interface - Application Binary Interface Application Binary Interface (ABI) means the interface by which an application program gains access to operating system and other services. It should be possible to run the same compiled binary applications on any system with the right ABI. Examples are 88open's Binary Compatibility Standard, the PowerOpen Environment and Windows sockets. See also: Programming This article (or an earlier version of it) contains material from FOLDOC, used with permission. Modify if needed.\n.
Java Native Interface - Java Native Interface The Java Native Interface (JNI) is a programming framework that allows Java code running in the Java virtual machine (VM) to call and be called by native applications (programs specific to a hardware and operating system platform) and libraries written in other languages, such as C++ and assembly. The JNI is used to write native methods to handle situations when an application cannot be written entirely in the Java programming language such as when the standard Java class library does not support the platform-dependent features or program library. It is also used to modify an existing application, written in another programming language, to be accessible to Java applications. The JNI framework lets a native method utilize Java objects in the same way that Java code.
IBM Message Queue Interface - IBM Message Queue Interface IBM Message Queue Interface is a network communication technology developed by IBM in March 1992. This technology allows independent and possibly non-concurrent applications on a distributed system to communicate with each other. Message Queue Interface is available for both IBM and non-IBM applications. There are two parts to message queueing: Messages are strings of binary data that have a meaning to the participating programs. As in other network protocols, storage, routing, and delivery information is added to the message before transmission and stripped from the message after reception. Message queues are objects that store messages in an application. A Queue Manager is a system service that provides an application programming interface for the message queue and transfers messages to another queue manager through one-way message.
Glossary of computer programming terms - Glossary of computer programming terms This is a glossary of computer programming terms, derived from the Glossary of Telecommunication Terms published as Federal Standard 1037C. Please see the Federal Standard article for copyright-related issues, as not all parts of the source document are in the public domain. abstract syntax notation one (ASN.1) -- Ada -- ALGOL -- APL -- application programming interface (API) -- assemble -- assembler -- assembly language -- assembly time -- BASIC -- binding -- bit -- branch -- bug -- byte -- call -- CASE -- CASE technology -- C-language -- C# -- COBOL -- compartmentation -- compatibility -- compile -- compiler -- computer language -- computer numbering formats -- computer-oriented language -- computer program -- computer word -- core dump -- cross assembler.
Dispute over the definition of object-oriented programming - Dispute over the definition of object-oriented programming The definitions of object-oriented programming are disputed. In the most general sense, object-oriented programming refers to the practice of viewing software primarily in terms of the "things" (objects) it manipulates, rather than the actions it performs. Other paradigms such as functional and procedural programming focus primarily on the actions, with the objects being secondary considerations; in OOP, the situation is converse. Widely-used terminology distinguishes object-oriented programming from object-based. The former is held to include inheritance, encapsulation, and polymorphism, while the latter does not. Arguments for strict definitions In computer programming a window class is a structure fundamental to the Microsoft Windows (Win16 and Win32) operating systems and its Application Programming Interface (API). The structure provides a template, from which a window may be created,.
Delphi programming language - Delphi programming language Delphi is a programming language and software development environment. It is produced by Borland (known for a time as Inprise). The Delphi language, formerly known as the Object Pascal Language (the Pascal with object-oriented extensions) originally targeted only Microsoft Windows, but now builds native applications for Linux and the Microsoft .NET Framework as well (see below). Its most popular use is the development of desktop and enterprise database applications, but as a general purpose development tool it is capable of and used for most types of development projects. It was one of the first of what came to be known as RAD tools, for Rapid Application Development, when released in 1995. Delphi 2, released a year later, supported 32-bit Windows environments, and a C++.
D programming language - D programming language There have been several programming languages called D during the history of computing. (This needs elaboration.) Currently, arguably, the most interesting one is that created by Walter Bright. This language aspires to take the positive features of C, C++ and a few other Algol syntax based programming languages, and to drop the negative features. A reference document of the language can be found at http://www.digitalmars.com/d/index.html Two things that differentiate D from C++ are that it does not have multiple inheritance and that it has an inline assembler. The inline assembler is typical of the differentiation between D and application languages like Java and C#. An inline assembler allows a programmer to enter machine-specific assembly code alongside standard D code -- a technique often.
Call Level Interface - Call Level Interface The Call Level Interface or CLI is a software de facto standard API for SQL-based database management systems created by The Open Group (formerly the X/Open Company). The API is defined for the C programming language and COBOL only. The Call Level Interface defines how the C or COBOL program shall send SQL queries to the DBMS and how the returned recordsets shall be handled by the application in a consistent way. The interface is part of something the Open Group calls "CAE", "Common Application Environment", which is supposed to be a wide standard for programming open applications, i.e. applications from different programming teams and different vendors that can interoperate in an efficient manner. The work with the Call Level Interface began i USA-based SQL.
ScriptBasic programming language - ScriptBasic programming language ScriptBasic is a scripting language variant of BASIC. The source of the compiler is available as a C program under the LGPL license. The compiler generates intermediary code which is then interpreted by a runtime environment. ScriptBasic is available for Windows and Unix and may be embedded in other programs as well. It can create standalone executable files. A runtime library is linked into the executable. It is available in precompiled binaries (setup.exe under Windows and uninstall also supported), dpkg and rpm for Linux and in source code form. The language, the interpreter is fully documented in the Users' Guide available in text, HTML, CHM, TeX, texi and PDF formats. ScriptBasic has been developed since 1999 and has reached a fairly matured state in.
PHP programming language - PHP programming language For the "PHP" Cold-war history project, see Parallel History Project. PHP (now a recursive acronym for "PHP Hypertext Preprocessor", but originally "Personal Home Page Tools") is a widely used open-source programming language used primarily for server-side applications, to develop dynamic web content such as the MediaWiki software. It can be seen as an open source alternative to Microsoft's Active Server Pages (ASP) system and to the CGI/Perl system. Its ease of use and similarity with the most common structured programming languages, most notably C and Perl, allows most experienced programmers to start developing complex applications with a minimal learning curve. It also enables experienced developers to get involved with dynamic web content applications without having to learn a whole new set of functions and.
Python programming language - Python programming language Python is an interpreted, interactive programming language created by Guido van Rossum, originally as a scripting language for Amoeba OS capable of making system calls. Python is often compared to Tcl, Perl, Scheme, Java and Ruby. Python is currently (December 2003) at version 2.3.3. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Philosophy 2 Data types and structures 2.1 Collection types 2.2 Object system 3 Syntax 3.3 Syntactical significance of whitespace 3.4 Functional programming 3.4.1 Lambda 3.4.2 Generators 3.5 Logical operators x">4 5 and 3 are true, one would write "x 4.6 Object-oriented programming 4.7 Exception handling 5 Standard library 6 Other features 7 Neologisms 8 Platforms 9 Miscellany 10 External Links Philosophy Python is a multi-paradigm language, like Perl and unlike Smalltalk or Haskell. This means.
Mesa programming language - Mesa programming language Mesa is a programming language developed at Xerox PARC that was used to program the Star, and later the GlobalView, desktop environment. See History of the graphical user interface for more details. Mesa was the precursor to the later language Cedar. Due to these historic links, trained Mesa programmers from Xerox are well versed in the fundementals of GUIs, networked environments and the other advances that Xerox contributed to the field of Computer Science. Mesa can be viewed as cross between Pascal and C. It was designed to embrace the concept of Abstract Data Types and Structured Programming. It was well beyond its time, supporting concepts like incremental compilation and being used in environments that enabled the source code of an properly built application.
Java remote method invocation - Java Remote Method Invocation API, or RMI, is an application programming interface for performing remote procedural calls. There are two common implementations of the interface, the initial one to be implemented known as JRMP and a version compatible with CORBA. Usage of the term RMI may denote solely the programming interface or may signify both the API and JRMP, whereas the term 'RMI-IIOP, read RMI over I-OP, denotes the RMI interface over the CORBA IIOP bus. The original RMI API was generalized somewhat to support different implementations. Additionally, work was done to CORBA, adding a pass by value capability, to support the RMI interface. Still, the RMI-IIOP implementation supports only a subset of the JRMP implementation. RMI is currently being extended in a number of directions. Check: Transparent RMI at http://trmi.sourceforge.net/.
Informix - query language QUEL to their own Informer language. In 1984 they addressed another shortcoming of Ingres by introducing a new SQL-based query engine. Through the early 1980s Informix remained a small player, but as Unix grew in popularity during the mid-1980s, their fortunes changed. By 1986 they had become large enough to float a successful IPO, and changed the company name to Informix Software. A series of releases followed, including the splitting of the product line starting with Version 5 into Informix OnLine with a new query engine (known for a time as Turbo), and Informix-SE, a re-named version of the original system. Following the lead of a number of other database developers, Informix then started looking at tools to build database applications. Informix-4GL was the result, a text-based forms application..
Inheritance (computer science) - subclass : class name. Inheritance is fundamentally different than composition, where the relationship is has a instead of is a, for example, "a car has a motor". Inheritance can also be used in interfaces to give the appearance of being whatever - for example if we have an such an interface below, these could all have a "makeNoise();" method. Mammal Cat Dog Appliance Telephone Blender Thus passing any to an Recorder.captureSoundOf(NoiseMaker()); would capture the sound emitted. Thus from the perspective of a recorder, each is a NoiseMaker. However, there has been no small amount of inconsistency in the usage of the "is-a" link: R. J. Brachman wrote a paper titled "What IS-A is and isn't", wherein 29 different semantics were found in projects whose knowledge representation schemes involved an "is-a" link..
Header file - Header file In computer programming, a header file is a text file containing small bits of program code, which is used to describe the contents of the main body of code to other modules. Programs are typically broken into pieces in order to make working with them easier. Related bits of code are collected into files, which can then be referred to from other files. However this leads to a problem when the code is collected into a runnable program, because all of the code must be compiled every time. One solution to this problem is to have the system examine the modification dates of the files that make up the program. However this might tell the system to compile files that have had rather innocuous changes made to.
VP3.2 Public License - encoding or playback of any non-\r\nVP3.2 compatible files or bitstreams without complementary support for VP3.2 \r\nencoding or playback would not be permissible, and no license is granted for \r\nsuch Modification(s).\r\n \r\n2.2. Contributor Grant. \r\nSubject to third party intellectual property claims, each Contributor hereby \r\ngrants You a world-wide, royalty-free, non-exclusive license \r\n \r\n(a) under intellectual property rights (other than patent or trademark) \r\nLicensable by Contributor, to use, reproduce, modify, display, perform, \r\nsublicense and distribute the Modifications created by such Contributor (or \r\nportions thereof) either on an unmodified basis, with other Modifications, as \r\nCovered Code and/or as part of a Larger Work; and \r\n\r\n(b) under Patent Claims infringed by the making, using, or selling of \r\nModifications made by that Contributor either alone and/or in combination with \r\nits Contributor Version (or portions of such.
VRML - .wrl extension (for example island.wrl). Although VRML worlds use a text format they may often be compressed using gzip so that they transfer over the internet more quickly. Most 3D modeling programs can save objects and scenes in VRML format. The Web3D Consortium has been formed to further the collective development of the format. The first version of VRML was specified in November 1994. This version was specified from, and very closely resembled, the Application Programming Interface and file format of the Open Inventor software component, originally developed by SGI. The current and functionally complete version is VRML 97 (ISO/IEC DIS 14772-1). The coming VRML standard is called X3D. Open Source VRML programs FreeWRL VRML browser Xj3D VRML97/X3D browser/java loader Coin3D SDK: a software component supporting VRML97 OpenVRML parsing/display library /.
