Caesar of Heisterbach - Caesar of Heisterbach Caesar of Heisterbach, also known as Caesarius of Heisterbach ca. 1170 - ca. 1250, was the prior of a Cistercian monastery in Heisterbach in what is now Germany. He is best known as the compiler of a book of hagiography that contains many wondrous tales of miracles, the Dialogus magnus visionum ac miraculorum, which is a consistenly readable and entertaining, if somewhat sensationalistic and credulous, compilation of that lore. The work was often referred to by preachers seeking material for sermons in the late Middle Ages. The work was popular and was widely distributed, showing that it catered well to the tastes of the times; it was perhaps the second largest late mediaeval best-seller, second only to the Golden Legend of Jacobus de.
Albigensian Crusade - Pierre de Castelnau was killed the following day. The Pope reacted to the affront by a bull declaring a crusade against Languedoc — offering the land of the heretics to any who would fight. By mid 1209 around 10,000 crusaders had gathered in Lyon and began to march south. In June Raymond of Toulouse, recognizing the potential disaster at hand, promised to act against the Cathars, and his excommunication was lifted. The crusaders headed towards Montpellier and the lands of Raymond-Roger de Trencavel, aiming for the Cathar communities around Albi and Carcassonne. Like Raymond of Toulouse, Raymond-Roger de Trencavel sought an accommodation with the crusaders, but Raymond-Roger was refused a meeting and raced back to Carcassonne to prepare his defences. In July the crusaders captured the small village of Servian and.
Relic - the body or a personal item of a saint. A shrine that houses a relic is called a reliquary. Christian relics History of Christian relics Many tales of miracles and other marvels were attributed to relics beginning in the early centuries of the church; many of these became especially popular during the Middle Ages. These tales are collected in books of hagiography such as the Golden Legend or the works of Caesar of Heisterbach. These miracle tales made relics much sought after during the Middle Ages. Pieces of the True Cross were one of the most highly sought after such relics; many churches claimed to possess a piece of it, so many that Erasmus famously remarked that there were enough pieces of the True Cross to build a ship from. The.
Magic (paranormal) - sell their souls, if they but knew. (al-Qur'an 2:102) Examples of the suppression of magical belief and practice range from the eradication of neighboring polytheistic tribes by the early Hebrews, to the attempted suppression and eventual appropriation of pagan holidays by the Catholic Church, to the mingled motives of the Conquistadors, to the Salem witch trials of the Puritans. During such periods, the tendency of magic is to become more obscure and esoteric, with a certain element in society always managing to preserve lore and tradition, often in disguised or metaphorical terms. This pattern gave rise to the term occult. The motivation of much scientific enquiry is similar to the motivation of magic; that it is possible to discover the underlying reality behind mundane reality, and that that reality may have.
Magic (paranormal)/temp - Officially, Judaism, Christianity and Islam characterize magic as witchcraft, which is generally regarded in all three religions as an occasionally effective, though damned art. Although more positive forms of magical thinking have existed within these religions throughout their history, those who subscribe to these beliefs are invariably labelled heretics. (See Magic and Religion for more information on the interaction of monotheistic and polytheistic traditions.) Belief in various magical practices has waxed and waned in European and Western history, under pressure from either organised monotheistic religions or from scepticism about the reality of magic, and the ascendency of scientism. The time of the Emperor Julian of Rome, marked by a reaction against the influence of Christianity, saw a revival of magical practices associated with neo-Platonism under the guise of theurgy. Medieval authors,.
Julius Caesar - Julius Caesar Alternative meanings: Julius Caesar (play), Sir Julius Caesar. Gaius Julius Caesar (July 13, 100 BC - March 15, 44 BC) was a Roman military and political leader whose conquest of Gallia Comata extended the Roman world all the way to the Oceanus Atlanticus and introduced Roman influence into modern France, an accomplishment whose direct consequences are visible to this day. Caesar fought and won a civil war which left him undisputed master of the Roman world, and began extensive reforms of Roman society and government. His dramatic assassination on the Ides of March became the catalyst of a second set of civil wars which became the twilight of the Roman Republic and the dawn of the Roman Empire under Caesar's grand-nephew and posthumously adopted son,.
Julius Caesar (play) - Julius Caesar (play) Julius Caesar is a tragedy by William Shakespeare. It portrays the conspiracy against the Roman dictator, Julius Caesar, his assassination and its aftermath. Caesar is in fact a minor character in the action of the play, the main protagonists being Brutus and Cassius. Brutus is Caesar's close friend and a man of honour, who allows himself to be cajoled into joining the assassins because of a growing suspicion -- implanted by Cassius -- that Caesar intends to turn Rome into a monarchy under his own rule. Cassius, though not a villain, is motivated largely by envy. The early scenes deal mainly with Brutus's arguments with Cassius and his struggle with his own conscience. After Caesar's death, however, another character appears on the scene, in.
Julius Caesar (1953 movie) - Julius Caesar (1953 movie) Julius Caesar is a 1953 film based upon the William Shakespeare play Julius Caesar. It stars Marlon Brando, James Mason, John Gielgud, Louis Calhern, Edmond O'Brien, Greer Garson and Deborah Kerr. The movie was adapted (uncredited) and directed by Joseph L. Mankiewicz. It won the Academy Award for Best Art Direction, and was nominated for Best Actor in a Leading Role (Marlon Brando), Best Cinematography, Black-and-White, Best Music, Scoring of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture and Best Picture..
Julius Caesar Scaliger - Julius Caesar Scaliger Julius Caesar Scaliger (1484-1558), humanist scholar. So distinguished by his learning and talents that, according to A de Thou, no one of the ancients could be placed above him and the age in which he lived could not show his equal, was, according to his own account, a scion of the house of La Scala, for a hundred and fifty years princes of Verona, and was born in 1484 at the castle of La Rocca on the Lago de Garda. When he was twelve, his kinsman the emperor Maximilian placed him among his pages. He remained for seventeen years in the service of the emperor, distinguishing himself as a soldier and as a captain. But he was unmindful neither of letters, in which he.
Julius Caesar Aranzi - Julius Caesar Aranzi Julius Caesar Aranzi (1530-1589) was a leading figure in the history of the science of human anatomy. He was anatomical professor for thirty-two years in the university of Bologna. From him came the first correct account of the anatomical peculiarities of the foetus, and he was the first to show that the muscles of the eye do not, as was falsely imagined, arise from the dura mater but from the margin of the optic hole. He also, after considering the anatomical relations of the cavities of the heart, the valves and the great vessels, corroborates the views of Columbus regarding the course which the blood follows in passing from the right to the left side of the heart. Aranzi is the first anatomist who.
Julia Caesaris - women in the Julii Caesarii patrician family (to which, for instance Julius Caesar and Augustus belonged), since feminine names were their father's gens and cognomen declined in the female form. In Roman history, there are at least three Julia Caesaris cited by the ancient sources. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Augustus' daughter 2 Caesar's daughter 3 Marius' wife Augustus' daughter Julia Caesaris was the only child of Augustus, from his first marriage with Scribonia. She was born in 39 BC, only a few days before her father divorced her mother to marry Livia Drusilla. Julia was first married to her cousin Claudius Marcellus (son of aunt Octavia) who died young. Then, Augustus gave Julia as wife to Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, a man from a modest family that became his most trusted.
Gaius Caesar - Gaius Caesar Two notable individuals of the Roman Empire were commonly called Gaius Caesar. The first Gaius Caesar was the son of Agrippa and Julia, and the heir apparent to Augustus Caesar, but died in 4 AD. The second was the emperor Gaius Julius Caesar Germanicus, better known as Caligula..
Vespasian - Vespasian Caesar Vespasianus Augustus (November 18, 9 AD - June 23, 79), original name Titus Flavius Vespasianus and best known as Vespasian, was the emperor of Rome from 69 to 79. He was founder of the Flavian dynasty and acceded the throne in the end of the Year of the four emperors. He was born in the Sabine country near Reate. His father Flavius Sabinus was a tax collector and money-lender on a small scale; his mother Vespasia Polla was the sister of a senator. After having served with the army in Thrace and been quaestor in Crete and Cyrene, Vespasian rose to be aedile and praetor, having meanwhile married Flavia Domitilla, the daughter of an equestrian, by whom he had two sons, Titus and Domitian, afterwards.
Kaiser - German title meaning emperor, derived from the Roman title of Caesar. While Kaiser denoted both the rulers of the Holy Roman Empire (962 - 1806) and of the Austrian and Austro-Hungarian Empire (1806 - 1918), in English usage the title is mainly associated with the emperors of the unified German Empire (1871 - 1918). The Kaisers of the German Empire were: Wilhelm I (1871 - 1888) Friedrich III (1888) Wilhelm II (1888 - 1918).
Vercingetorix - Gaulish means "over-king" (ver-rix) of warriors (cingetos). As described in Julius Caesar's Gallic_Wars, Rome had secured domination over the Celtic tribes beyond the Provincia Narbonensis (modern day Provence) through a careful divide and rule strategy. Vercingetorix ably unified the tribes, adopted the policy of retreating to natural fortifications, and undertook an early example of scorched_earth methods by burning the towns to prevent the Roman legions from living off the land. Caesar and his chief lieutenant Labienus lost the initial minor engagements, but captured the tribal capital at Avaricum (Bourges), and then overtook and encircled Vercingetorix at the Battle of Alesia. Vercingetorix summoned his Gallic allies to attack the besieging Romans, prompting Caesar to build a legendary doughnut-shaped fortification: an inner wall and siegecraft to attack the Arvernian garrison, and an outer.
Venus (mythology) - Rustica. On April 1, the Veneralia was celebrated in honor of Venus Verticordia, the protector against vice. On April 23 215 BC, a temple was built on the Capitol dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Lake Trasum. Julius Caesar introduced Venus Genetrix as a goddess of motherhood and domesticity. Venus was often depicted in painting and in sculpture. See also: Aphrodite, Suadela, Venus (planet), The birth of Venus.
Karl Urban - by J. R. R. Tolkien. Prior to that, Urban was seen on the internationally-syndicated American television show Xena: Warrior Princess in which he played both Cupid and Julius Caesar. That show was filmed in New Zealand..
Vendôme - a tribunal of first instance. Vendôme (in Latin: Vindocinum) appears originally to have been a Gallic oppidurri, replaced later by a feudal castle, around which the modern town arose. Christianity was introduced by Saint Bienheure in the 5th century, and the important abbey of the Trinity (which claimed to possess a tear shed by Christ at the tomb of Lazarus) was founded about 1030. When the reign of the Capetian dynasty began, Vendôme formed the chief town of a countship belonging to Bouchard, called "the Venerable", who died in the monastery of Saint-Maur-des-Fosses in 1007. The succession passed by various marriages to the houses of Nevers, Preuilly and Montoire. Bouchard VII, count of Vendôme and Castres (died circa 1374), left as his heiress his sister Catherine, the wife of John of.
January 10 - of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Events 2 Births 3 Deaths 4 Holidays and observances Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon which signaled civil war. 1072 - Robert Guiscard conquers Palermo. 1776 - Thomas Paine publishes Common Sense. 1806 - Dutch in Cape Town surrender to the British. 1810 - Marriage of Napoleon and Josephine is annulled. 1861 - Florida secedes from the United States. 1863 - The first section of the London Underground Railway opens (Paddington to Farringdon Street). 1870 - John D. Rockefeller incorporates Standard Oil. 1901 - The first great Texas gusher, oil discovered at Spindletop in Beaumont, Texas. 1911 - Major Jimmie Erickson takes the first aerial photograph (over San Diego, California). 1920 - League of Nations holds its first meeting and ratifies the Treaty of.
Verona, Italy - theatre, demolished them and saved the monument. Verona hosts indeed one of the richest collections of Roman remains of all Northern Italy. The Arco dei Gavi (Gavi Arch), dedicated to the important Roman family of the Gavii, was built in the same 1st century CE, and is famous for having the name of the builder (architect Lucius Vitruvius Cordone) graved on it, a really rare case in the architecture of the epoque. It had been demolished by the French troops in 1805 and was rebuilt in 1932. Verona was flooded in 1239 and quite entirely soon rebuilt. It was in the Middle Ages the town of the signoria of the Scala family. It is also the town in which Shakespeare imagined his Romeo and Juliet, a work which describes the tragic.
