Gyrocompass - Gyrocompass A gyrocompass is a compass which finds North by using an (electrically powered) fast spinning wheel and friction forces in order to exploit the rotation of the Earth. Gyrocompasses are widely used on ships. They have two main advantages over magnetic compasses: they find true North, i.e. the direction of Earth's rotational axis, as opposed to magnetic North, they are not affected by metal in a ship's hull. A gyrocompass is essentially a gyroscope, a spinning wheel mounted so that the wheel's axis is free to orient itself in any way. Because of the law of conservation of angular momentum, such a wheel will maintain its original orientation. Since the Earth rotates, it appears to a stationary observer on Earth that a gyroscope's axis is rotating once.
Boxing the compass - Boxing the compass Boxing the compass is the action of naming all thirty-two principal points of the compass in clockwise order. # Compass point Abbreviation True Heading 1. North N 0.00° 2. North by east NbE 11.25° 3. North-northeast NNE 22.50° 4. Northeast by north NEbN 33.75° 5. Northeast NE 45.00° 6. Northeast by east NEbE 56.25° 7. East-northeast ENE 67.50° 8. East by north EbN 78.75° 9. East E 90.00° 10. East by south EbS 101.25° 11. East-southeast ESE 112.50° 12. Southeast by east SEbE 123.75° 13. Southeast SE 135.00° 14. Southeast by south SEbS 146.25° 15. South-southeast SSE 157.50° 16. South by east SbE 168.75° 17. South S 180.00° 18. South by west SbW 191.25° 19. South-southwest SSW 202.50° 20. Southwest by south SWbS 213.75°.
Compass - Compass The term compass is applicable to several fields which include navigation, mathematics, construction, botany, electronics, and law. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Navigation 1.1 History of the navigational compass 1.2 Construction of a simple compass 1.3 Modern navigational compasses 1.4 Points of the compass 1.5 External Links, Resources, and References 2 Mathematics 3 Construction 4 Religious 5 Botany 6 Electronics 7 Law Navigation A compass (or mariner's compass) is navigational instrument for finding directions. It consists of a magnetised pointer free to align itself accurately with Earth's magnetic field. A compass provides a known reference direction which is of great assistance in navigation. The cardinal points are north, south, east and west. A compass can be used in conjunction with a clock and a sextant.
Compass rose - Compass rose A compass rose is a figure displaying the orientation of the cardinal directions, north, south, east and west on a map. Naming all 32 points on the rose is called Boxing the compass. The "rose" term arises from the fairly ornate figures used with early compasses. Today the use and idea of a compass rose is found on or features in almost all navigation systems, including NDB and VOR systems, some GPS sets and similar..
The Golden Compass - The Golden Compass A novel by the author Philip Pullman, the first in the His Dark Materials trilogy. Published outside the United States as Northern Lights. Also, an arcane device in the trilogy, shaped like a large compass, used by a main character, Lyra Belacqua. The user directs three needles to lay over certain symbols on the face of device, and to form a question in their mind. The needles then respond to the question, swinging over different symbols to form answers. Any given symbol may have numerous meanings. The compass provides its answers through the 'power' of dust, or elementary particles called shadows. From Philip Pullman's The Golden Compass and The Subtle Knife. See also The Subtle Knife..
Ruler-and-compass constructions - Ruler-and-compass constructions A number of ancient problems in geometry involve the construction of lengths or angles using only an idealised ruler and compass. The ruler is indeed a straightedge, and may not be marked; the compass may only be set to already constructed distances, and used to describe circular arcs. Some famous ruler-and-compass problems have been proved impossible, in several cases by the results of Galois theory. In spite of these impossibility proofs, some mathematical amateurs persist in trying to solve these problems. Many of them fail to understand that many of these problems are trivially soluble provided that other geometric transformations are allowed: for example, squaring the circle is possible using geometric constructions, but not possible using ruler and compasses alone. Mathematician Underwood Dudley has made.
Operation Compass - Operation Compass Operation Compass was a World War II British military operation in the North African desert. Italian troops had attacked from their colony of Libya into Egypt, which was under British protection, and occupied Sidi Barrani. On December 8 1940 British, and Indian troops under the command of Major-General O'Connor attacked against the Italian rear, via a gap in the defensess south of Sidi Barrani. Planning of the operation (and discovery of the gap) is credited to Brigadier-General Eric Dorman-Smith, who served as an adviser to O'Connor. As a counter-espionage measure, many of the troops involved were not informed that the operation wasn't an exercise, until they were very nearly engaged in combat. The attack was supported by 25-pounder artillery and Blenheim bombers and was centered.
Knife - easier. Therefore, it can chop as well as pick and slice. The single edge is also less expensive to produce than a double edge. A curved or trailing-point (2) knife has a back edge that curves upward. This lets a lightweight knife have a larger curve on its edge. Such a knife is better for slicing than a normal knife. A spey (3) blade has two curved edges. The idea is to make a blade that slices in either direction, with a strong sharp point. This is the strongest traditional style of knife. It's used for fighting knives (dagger, switchblades, etc.) because it can cut both directions, has a point and is strong. Many persons believe that the best all-around blade is an asymmetric spey, with the larger curve on the.
Koch (boat) - of the ship's body below the water-line, additional belt of ice-floe resistant flush skin-planking (made of oak or larch) along the variable water-line, false keel for on-ice portage (and for damage prevention from running aground in low waters), shaft-like upper part and wide lower part (below water-line) of the rudder. Another Arctic feature was the invariable presence aboard any koch of two or more iceboats and of a windlass with anchor rope. Each iceboat had the cargo capacity of 1.5-2.0 tons (3,300-4,400 lbs) and was equipped with long runners (5-7 meters/16.4-23 feet) for portage on ice. If a koch became jammed amidst the ice, its rounded bodylines below the water-line would allow for the ship, squeezed by the ice-fields, to be pushed up out of the water and onto the ice.
Kraków - Polish culture and art. Famous painters, poets and writers worked here: Jan Matejko, Stanislaw Wyspianski, Stanislaw Ignacy Witkiewicz, Stanislaw Przybyszewski, Jan Kasprowicz, Juliusz Kossak and Wojciech Kossak. Kraków became the main centre of Polish modernism (Young Poland), whose greatest representatives were Wyspianski and Przybyszewski. 20th century Here and in Warsaw national liberation movements began. During WWI Kraków Legions led by Jozef Pilsudski, together with Austrian and German troops, set out to fight for the liberation of Poland. In 1918 Kraków and Galicia becomes part of Poland. Following the German invasion of Poland, the Nazis entered the city in September 1939. It became the capital of the General Government, the Nazi colonial territory ruled by Hans Frank, who was later sentenced to death because of war crimes and crimes against humanity. The.
Jamie Zawinski - you to his home page (a similar trick worked for other Netscape staffers), and if you were running a Unix version of the browser, the Netscape logo "throbber" would change to a ship's compass when a page was loading. Zawinski was a major proponent of opening the source code of the Mozilla browser, but became disillusioned with the project and resigned from Netscape Communications Corporation on April 1, 1999. His main occupation is now running the DNA Lounge nightclub in San Francisco. He still actively maintains the XScreenSaver project, used by almost all Linux operating systems for screenblanking (except those running KDE). External Links Personal homepage DNA Lounge XScreenSaver jwz's LiveJournal.
Jamestown, Virginia - Ratcliffe became President again, although Ratcliffe was captured by Powhatan and tortured to death by Indian women while on a trade mission shortly after being elected. The settlers who came over on the initial three ships were not well equipped for the life they found in Jamestown and many suffered from saltwater poisoning which led to infection, fevers, and dysentery. Smith was wounded when his powder bag exploded and he was sent back to England, where he wrote A True Relation about his experiences in Jamestown and a second book, The Proceedings of the English Colony of Virginia. The publication of this book sparked a resurgence in interest in the colony and, with plans being made to abandon Jamestown in 1610, a new governor, Lord de la Warr, arrived and forced.
Jaeger-LeCoultre - who had the annoying habit of cracking their watch crystals, had a case that rotated a full 180 degrees, turning the face of the watch away from danger. The watch was well received by the public and instantly captured the heart of the Art Deco era. The great economic depression, the following World War, and the inevitable changes in fashion nearly spelt doom for the watch. Luckily, however, an Italian watch dealer, Giorgio Corvo, noticed some unused Reverso cases at the Manufacture on a visit and took them home with him. Fitting them with movements, they were an instant success. The Reverso became an iconic piece of design and style - a living legend. Today, the Reverso accounts for approximately 80% of all watches produced by the Manufacture and is universally.
John Bacon - 1776. During his apprenticeship he also improved the method of working statues in artificial stone, an art which he afterwards carried to perfection. Bacon first attempted working in marble in about 1763, and during the course of his early efforts in this art was led to improve the method of transferring the form of the model to the marble (technically "getting out the points") by the invention of a more perfect instrument for the purpose. This instrument possessed many advantages; it was more exact, took a correct measurement in every direction, was contained in a small compass, and could be used on either the model or the marble. In 1769 he was awarded the first gold medal for sculpture given by the Royal Academy, for a bas-relief representing the escape of.
John Leech - distinctly political, and by 1849 the artist is strong enough to produce the splendidly humorous national personification which appears in "Disraeli Measuring the British Lion." About 1845 we have the first of that long series of half-page and quarter-page pictures of life and manners, executed with a hand as gentle as it was skilful, containing, as Ruskin has said, "admittedly the finest definition and natural history of the classes of oui society, the kindest and subtlest analysis of its foibles, the tenderest flattery of its pretty and well-bred ways," which has yet appeared. In addition to his work for the weekly issue of Punch, Leech contributed largely to the Punch almanacks and pocket-books, to Once a Week from 1859 till 1862, to the Illustrated London News, where some of his largest.
John McMurtry - lays out strong arguments for moral purchasing and ethical investing. Any purchasing or investing decision makes ethical and moral choices anyway, be default, he argues, and a market system must by definition reflect the morality of the society that conducts commerce via that system. Globalization, for instance, is driven by what he calls "an unexamined and absolutist value system whose principles and unseen meaning it lays bare." He criticizes capitalist scientific technology, transnational trade apparatuses, NATO wars and an expanding prison regime, as symptoms of a "new totalitarianism cumulatively occupying the world and propelling civil and ecological breakdowns." Value Wars: The Global Market Versus the Life Economy, 2002, which outlines this analysis, also explains "the shared life-grounds, public sectors and cross-cultural movement of the "'new resistance'", and systematically defines the moral.
I.F. Stone - of Roosevelt's attempt to expand the Supreme Court. After leaving the New York Post in 1939, Stone became associate editor of The Nation. His next book, Business as Unusual (1941), was an attack on the country's failure to prepare for war. Underground to Palestine (1946) dealt with the migration of Eastern European Jews at the end of the Second World War. In 1948 Stone joined the New York Star. Later he moved to the Daily Compass until it ceased publication in 1952. A critic of the emerging Cold War, Stone wrote the Hidden History of the Korean War (1952). Inspired by the achievements of the muckracking journalist George Seldes and his political weekly, In Fact, Stone started his own political paper, I. F. Stone's Weekly in 1953. Over the next few.
Icon - lost when Constantinople was sacked by Crusaders. This is allegedly the first icon. Eusebius also reports seeing many icons of Jesus, Peter and Paul that were of some age, as well as seeing a bronze statue of Jesus outside the house of the woman who was healed of a twelve year hemhorage; the woman is mentioned in the Gospels, though the statue is not. There are also simple paintings of Jesus as well as depictions of Old Testament scenes found in early Christian catacombs, where Christians were not only buried but also lived in to hide from their Roman persecutors. Luke the Evangelist is also credited with painting at least three icons of the Virgin Mary, at least one of which is believed to be still extant. Iconography flourished during the.
Imitation of Christ - the manuscripts, nor are they arranged invariably in the same order. The work is a manual of devotion intended to help the soul in its communion with God and the pursuit of holiness. Its sentences are statements, not arguments, and are pitched in the highest key of Christian experience. It was meant for monastics and recluses. Behind and within all its reflections runs the counsel of self-renunciation. The life of Christ is presented as the highest study possible to a mortal. His teachings far excel all the teachings of the saints. The book gives counsels to read the Scriptures, statements about the uses of adversity, advice for submission to authority, warnings against temptation and how to resist it, reflections about death and the judgment, meditations upon the oblation of Christ, and.
Instrument flight rules - equipped and type-certified for instrument flight. In airspace where air traffic control (ATC) services are available, an IFR flight plan must be filed, and the pilot must maintain voice radio communication with ATC. The pilot will usually navigate by using electronic navigation equipment, compass headings assigned by ATC, or in some cases compass bearings corrected for forecast winds. While weather conditions can be much worse than allowed for VFR flight, there are still minimum conditions that must be present in order for the aircraft to take off or land. These will vary according to the type of electronic navigation aids available, the location and height of terrain and obstructions in the vicinity of the airport, and in some cases according to qualifications of the crew and aircraft. Contact with ATC is.
