Democratic Republic of Afghanistan - Democratic Republic of Afghanistan This article is part of the History of Afghanistan series. Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan Islamic conquest of Afghanistan Durrani Empire European influence in Afghanistan Reforms of Amanullah Khan and civil war Reigns of Nadir Shah and Zahir Shah Daoud's Republic of Afghanistan Democratic Republic of Afghanistan History of Afghanistan since 1992 This article is about Communist rule in Afghanistan (1978-1992). Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 The Communists take power, 1978 2 Opposition forces 3 The Soviet invasion, December 1979 4 The search for popular support 5 Internal refugees: flight to the cities 6 Factionalism 7 Mohammad Najibullah, 1986-1992 8 The Soviet decision to withdraw, 1986-1988 9 The Geneva accords, 1987-1989 10 The failure to bring peace 11 Pakistan's attempt at a political.
Daoud's Republic of Afghanistan - Daoud's Republic of Afghanistan This article is part of the History of Afghanistan series. Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan Islamic conquest of Afghanistan Durrani Empire European influence in Afghanistan Reforms of Amanullah Khan and civil war Reigns of Nadir Shah and Zahir Shah Daoud's Republic of Afghanistan Democratic Republic of Afghanistan History of Afghanistan since 1992 Daoud's Republic (July 17, 1973 - April 28, 1978) The welcome Mohammed Daoud Khan received on returning to power on July 17, 1973 reflected the citizenry's disappointment with the lackluster politics of the preceding decade. Zahir Shah's "New Democracy" had promised much but had delivered little. Daoud's comeback was a return to traditional strongman rule and he was a particularly appealing figure to military officers. As prime minister, Daoud had obtained large.
People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan - People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan The People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) was a popular party that in 1978 overthrew the regime of Mohammad Daoud, King Zahir Shah's cousin. The PDPA took power in a revolution that was supported by an enormous majority of the population. Accoring to the New York Times, "nearly every Afghan interviewed said [they were] delighted with the coup." The reform program of the party comprised abolition of feudal power in the countryside freedom of religion equal rights for women and various ethnic minorities the release of more than 13,000 political prisioners In the words of Australian journalist John Pilger, Under tribalism and feudalism, life expectancy was thirty-five and almost one in three children died in infancy. Ninety per cent of the population.
Islamic conquest of Afghanistan - Islamic conquest of Afghanistan This article is part of the History of Afghanistan series. Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan Islamic conquest of Afghanistan Durrani Empire European influence in Afghanistan Reforms of Amanullah Khan and civil war Reigns of Nadir Shah and Zahir Shah Daoud's Republic of Afghanistan Democratic Republic of Afghanistan History of Afghanistan since 1992 Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 The Islamic Conquest 2 Ghaznavid and Ghorid Rule 3 Mongol Rule, 1220-1506 4 Mughal-Safavid Rivalry, ca. 1500-1747 The Islamic Conquest In 637, five years after the death of Muhammad, Arab Muslims shattered the might of the Iranian Sassanians at the battles of Qadisiya and Nahawand. The invaders began to reach into the lands east of Iran: Herat was captured in 651. By the middle of the eighth century,.
History of Afghanistan - History of Afghanistan This article is the top of the History of Afghanistan series. Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan Islamic conquest of Afghanistan Durrani Empire European influence in Afghanistan Reforms of Amanullah Khan and civil war Reigns of Nadir Shah and Zahir Shah Daoud's Republic of Afghanistan Democratic Republic of Afghanistan History of Afghanistan since 1992 Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 History of Afghanistan 2 Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan (before 651) 3 Islamic conquest of Afghanistan (642-1747) 4 The Durrani Empire (1747-1826) 5 European influence in Afghanistan (1826-1919) 6 Reforms of Amanullah Khan and civil war (1919-1929) 7 Reigns of Nadir Shah and Zahir Shah (1929-1973) 8 Daoud's Republic of Afghanistan (1973-1978) 9 Communist rule in Afghanistan (1978-1992) 10 History of Afghanistan (1992 to present) 11 Related articles.
History of Afghanistan since 1992 - History of Afghanistan since 1992 This article is part of the History of Afghanistan series. Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan Islamic conquest of Afghanistan Durrani Empire European influence in Afghanistan Reforms of Amanullah Khan and civil war Reigns of Nadir Shah and Zahir Shah Daoud's Republic of Afghanistan Democratic Republic of Afghanistan History of Afghanistan since 1992 Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 The Islamic State of Afghanistan 2 Rise of the Taliban 3 U.S. invasion of Afghanistan 4 Rebuilding Afghanistan The Islamic State of Afghanistan After the Soviets withdrew completely from Afghanistan in February 1989, fighting between the communist backed government and mujahideen continued. With material help from the Soviets, Mohammad Najibullah's government survived, but after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, it was overthrown on.
European influence in Afghanistan - European influence in Afghanistan This article is part of the History of Afghanistan series. Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan Islamic conquest of Afghanistan Durrani Empire European influence in Afghanistan Reforms of Amanullah Khan and civil war Reigns of Nadir Shah and Zahir Shah Daoud's Republic of Afghanistan Democratic Republic of Afghanistan History of Afghanistan since 1992 Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 The Rise of Dost Mohammad 2 The Great Game 3 The First Anglo-Afghan War 4 The Second Anglo-Afghan War 5 The Iron Amir, 1880-1901 6 Habibullah Khan, 1901-1919 7 Amanullah Khan, 1919-1929 8 Third Anglo-Afghan War and Independence 9 Related topics The Rise of Dost Mohammad It was not until 1826 that the energetic Dost Mohammad was able to exert sufficient control over his brothers to take over.
Afghanistan timeline March 1-15, 2003 - Afghanistan timeline March 1-15, 2003 Afghanistan timeline Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 March 15, 2003 2 March 14, 2003 3 March 13, 2003 4 March 12, 2003 5 March 11, 2003 6 March 10, 2003 7 March 9, 2003 8 March 8, 2003 9 March 7, 2003 10 March 6, 2003 11 March 5, 2003 12 March 4, 2003 13 March 3, 2003 14 March 2, 2003 15 March 1, 2003 March 15, 2003 A warehouse filled with gunpowder exploded in the village of Tokhichi, near the Bagram Air Base, killing an Afghan and injuring three others. The burning warehouse created a fiery orange ball that could be seen for several miles. German's suggestions for NATO to take over International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) in the.
Afghanistan timeline 1976-1980 - Afghanistan timeline 1976-1980 Afghanistan timeline 1976 President Daud Khan pursues schemes of economic development and agricultural improvements with substantial aid from China, the U.S.S.R., Iran, and Kuwait, partly in the form of long-term loans and partly in technical aid. April 1976 Floods and earthquakes devastate the provinces of Herat, Helmand, and Kandahar. Pakistan sends a message of sympathy and contributes substantially to relief operations, indicating a marked relaxation of the previously mounting tension between the two countries, largely due to persuasion by Pres. Nikolay Podgorny of the Soviet Union and the shah of Iran. By mutual consent, both countries refrain from hostile propaganda. June 7-11, 1976 Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto of Pakistan visits Kabul. There, both countries undertake to follow principles of respect for territorial.
Afghanistan timeline 1971-1975 - Afghanistan timeline 1971-1975 Afghanistan timeline Spring and summer 1971 Political life in the capital is dominated by squabbles between the administration and the People's Council. The 1969 elections had returned assembly members who were for the most part quite unfamiliar with parliamentary methods and procedure, at least as laid down in the constitution. The final brush comes over a widely supported demand that questions concerning the administration be dealt with by the minister concerned at the time they are asked. This may not seem serious, but it follows a series of deliberate refusals to pass bills that the government regarded as essential. These refusals were based less on any difference over principles than on the rivalry between groups headed by individual parliamentarians, who, in the absence.
Soviet invasion of Afghanistan - Soviet invasion of Afghanistan The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan was a 10-year war which wreaked incredible havoc and destruction on Afghanistan. The 'shooting' war is generally held to have started December 24, 1979. Soviet troops ultimately withdrew from the area between May 15, 1988 and February 2, 1989. The Soviet Union officially announced that all of its troops had left Afghanistan on February 15. The war was regarded by many as an unprovoked invasion of a sovereign country by another. The United Nations General Assembly passed United Nations Resolution 37/37 on November 29, 1982, which stated that the Soviet Union forces should withdraw from Afghanistan. However, others supported the Soviet Union, regarding it as coming to the rescue of an impoverished ally, or as a pre-emptive war against.
Politics of Afghanistan - Politics of Afghanistan The politics of Afghanistan are complex and confusing. Almost two years after the former Taliban regime was overthrown in a U.S.-led invasion, Afghanistan remains in many ways a coherent state in name only. President Hamid Karzai is said to govern the capital and not much else in Afghanistan. The country remains very unstable, with Taliban forces on the resurgence and various warlords looking to maintain or increase their regional and ethnic power bases. There is no new constitution, with the Afghan Constitutional Commission failing to meet its September 1, 2003, deadline for releasing a draft, and many critics wondering how a consultation process that took place before a draft was released could even be called a consultation. The United Nations and other organizations play.
Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan - Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan This article is part of the History of Afghanistan series. Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan Islamic conquest of Afghanistan Durrani Empire European influence in Afghanistan Reforms of Amanullah Khan and civil war Reigns of Nadir Shah and Zahir Shah Daoud's Republic of Afghanistan Democratic Republic of Afghanistan History of Afghanistan since 1992 Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Prehistory 2 Achaemenid Rule, ca. 550 BC - 331 BC 3 Alexander and Greek Rule, 330 BC - ca. 150 BC 4 Central Asian and Sassanian Rule, ca. 150 BC - 700 Prehistory Archaeological exploration began in Afghanistan in earnest after World War II and proceeded until the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan disrupted it in December of 1979. Artifacts typical of the Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic, Bronze, and Iron ages.
January 2003 - - August - September - October - November - December A timeline of events in the news for January, 2003. See also: Preparations for 2003 invasion of Iraq for events leading up to the 2003 Iraq War Afghanistan timeline January 2003 January 31, 2003 January 30, 2003 Would-be shoe-bomber Richard Reid is sentenced to life in prison for trying to down American Airlines Flight 63 from Paris to Miami. Reid had previously pleaded guilty. [1] January 29, 2003 A false rumor that Thai actress Suvanant Kongying had told a reporter that the temple ruins at Angkor really belong to Thailand led to a riot in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, causing the destruction of the Thai Embassy and dozens of Thai-owned businesses, hotels and factories. January 28, 2003 An election in the state.
June 2003 - events in the news for June, 2003. See also: Hong Kong Basic Law Article 23 Same-sex marriage in Canada SARS: Timeline Monkeypox Afghanistan timeline June 2003 "Road map" for peace Israeli-Palestinian conflict EU enlargement War in Iraq: Timeline North Korea crisis US v. EU on GM food June 30, 2003 In Irvine, California, a 30 year old man identified as Joseph Hunter Parker kills two supermarket employees with a sword, before being shot to death himself by the police. His victims are identified as John G. Nutting, 60, and Judith Fleming, 55. The event occurred at an Albertson's supermarket. Comedian and actor Buddy Hackett dies at his home in Malibu at the age of 78. June 28, 2003 The FBI finishes its investigation of a pond in Frederick, Maryland for clues.
International Criminal Court - not take up the proposal at the time due to the onset of the Cold War. The world did not see another international court for trying these crimes until after the Cold War ended. In response to the wars in the Former Yugoslavia, and the genocide in Rwanda, the United Nations Security Council established the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda. Development of the ICC Subsequently, it was desired to create a permanent tribunal, so that an ad hoc tribunal would not have to be created after each occurrence of these crimes. Therefore the General Assembly requested the ILC to update its earlier proposal, which it then presented to the General Assembly. The General Assembly called the United Nations Diplomatic Conference of Plenipotentiaries.
International Criminal Police Organization - Interpol - beings, money laundering, financial and high-tech crime, and corruption. In October 2001, the Interpol General Secretariat employed a staff of 384, representing 54 different countries. Of those, 112 were police officers, 112 civilians. That same month, Interpol began to change from a 9-to-5 agency to a 24-7 agency, making its work easier and more efficient. In 2001, some 1400 people were arrested or located as a result of Interpol notices. Member Nations Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Aruba, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech.
International Callsign Allocations - of callsign prefixes assigned by the ITU. Call Sign Series Allocated to AAA-ALZ United States of America AMA-AOZ Spain APA-ASZ Pakistan (Islamic Republic of) ATA-AWZ India (Republic of) AXA-AXZ Australia AYA-AZZ Argentine Republic A2A-A2Z Botswana (Republic of) A3A-A3Z Tonga (Kingdom of) A4A-A4Z Oman (Sultanate of) A5A-A5Z Bhutan (Kingdom of) A6A-A6Z United Arab Emirates A7A-A7Z Qatar (State of) A8A-A8Z Liberia (Republic of) A9A-A9Z Bahrain (State of) BAA-BZZ China (People's Republic of) CAA-CEZ Chile CFA-CKZ Canada CLA-CMZ Cuba CNA-CNZ Morocco (Kingdom of) COA-COZ Cuba CPA-CPZ Bolivia (Republic of) CQA-CUZ Portugal CVA-CXZ Uruguay (Eastern Republic of) CYA-CZZ Canada C2A-C2Z Nauru (Republic of) C3A-C3Z Andorra (Principality of) C4A-C4Z Cyprus (Republic of) C5A-C5Z Gambia (Republic of the) C6A-C6Z Bahamas (Commonwealth of the) C7A-C7Z World Meteorological Organization C8A-C9Z Mozambique (Republic of) DAA-DRZ Germany (Federal Republic of) DSA-DTZ.
ISO 3166-1 - code is associated with a change of boundaries. Some codes in each series are reserved, for various reasons. ISO 3166-1 is not the only standard for country codes. The following is intended to be a complete ISO 3166-1 code list in alphabetical order by country name (encoding list). 004 AFG AF (ISO 3166-2) Afghanistan 008 ALB AL (ISO 3166-2) Albania 012 DZA DZ (ISO 3166-2) Algeria 016 ASM AS (ISO 3166-2) American Samoa 020 AND AD (ISO 3166-2) Andorra 024 AGO AO (ISO 3166-2) Angola 660 AIA AI (ISO 3166-2) Anguilla 010 ATA AQ (ISO 3166-2) Antarctica 028 ATG AG (ISO 3166-2) Antigua and Barbuda 032 ARG AR (ISO 3166-2) Argentina 051 ARM AM (ISO 3166-2) Armenia 533 ABW AW (ISO 3166-2) Aruba 036 AUS AU (ISO 3166-2) Australia 040 AUT.
ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 - are reserved for private use. In addition, OO is designated as an escape code. If a country code cannot be found in the list then it is probably obsolete, in which case it should be found in the list of obsolete country codes, further below. The following is intended to be a complete list of current ISO 3166-1 two-letter codes. AD - Andorra AE - United Arab Emirates AF - Afghanistan AG - Antigua and Barbuda AI - Anguilla (AI previously represented French Afars and Issas) AL - Albania AM - Armenia AN - Netherlands Antilles AO - Angola AQ - Antarctica (defined here as everything south of latitude 60°S) AR - Argentina AS - American Samoa AT - Austria AU - Australia (including Ashmore and Cartier Islands and Coral Sea.
