Earl of Norfolk - Earl of Norfolk Earl of Norfolk is a title which has been created several times in the Peerage of England. The title was held in the 12th and 13th centuries by the Bigod family, and then was later held by the Mowbrays, who were also made Dukes of Norfolk. Due to the Bigod's descent in the female line from William Marshal, they inherited the hereditary office of Earl Marshal, still held by the Dukes of Norfolk today. The present title was created in 1644 for Thomas Howard, 18th Earl of Arundel, the heir of the Howard Dukedom of Norfolk which had been forfeit in 1572. Arundel's grandson, the 20th Earl of Arundel and 3rd Earl of Norfolk, was restored to the Dukedom as 5th Duke upon.
Roger Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk - Roger Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk Roger Bigod (d. 1107) was a Norman knight who came to England in the Norman Conquest. He held great power in East Anglia, and four of his descendants were Earl of Norfolk. Roger came from a fairly obscure family of poor knights in Normandy. Robert Bigod, who was probably Roger's father, acquired an important position in the household of William, duke of Normandy (the later William I of England), due, the story goes, to his disclosure to the duke of a plot by the duke's cousin William of Mortain. Robert or Roger, or perhaps even both, fought at the Battle of Hastings, and afterwards they were rewarded with a substantial estate in East Anglia. The Domesday Book lists Roger as holding 6 lordships.
Roger Bigod, 5th Earl of Norfolk - Roger Bigod, 5th Earl of Norfolk Roger Bigod (1270 - December 1306), was 5th Earl of Norfolk. He was the son of Hugh Bigod, and succeeded his uncle, Roger Bigod, 4th Earl of Norfolk as earl in 1270. This earl is the hero of a famous altercation with Edward I in 1297, which arose out of the king's command that Bigod should serve against the king of France in Gascony, while he went to Flanders. The earl asserted that by the tenure of his lands he was only compelled to serve across the seas in the company of the king himself, whereupon Edward said, "By God, earl, you shall either go or hang," to which Bigod replied, "By the same oath, O king, I will neither go nor hang.".
Roger Bigod, 4th Earl of Norfolk - Roger Bigod, 4th Earl of Norfolk Roger Bigod (1212 - 1270), was 4th Earl of Norfolk and Marshal of England. He was the son of Hugh Bigod, and Matilda, a daughter of William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke and Marshal of England. On his father's death in 1225 he became 4th Earl of Norfolk. Still a minor, he was a ward of William de Longespee, 3rd Earl of Salisbury. After his marriage to Isabella, daughter of William the Lion, King of Scotland, he was a ward of his new brother-in-law, Alexander II of Scotland until he came of age in 1233. After the death without male heirs of the last of his mother's brothers, Roger obtained the office of Marshal of England in 1246. He was prominent among the barons.
Roger Bigod, 2nd Earl of Norfolk - Roger Bigod, 2nd Earl of Norfolk Roger Bigod (d. 1221), was the son of Hugh Bigod and succeeded to the earldom of Norfolk, was confirmed in his earldom and other honours by Richard I, after he had fallen under the displeasure of Henry II. He took part in the negotiations for the release of Richard from prison, and after the king's return to England became justiciar. The earl was one of the leaders of the baronial party which obtained John's assent to Magna Carta, and his name appears among the signatories to this document. { border="2" align="center" - width="30%" align="center"Preceded by: Hugh Bigod width="40%" align="center"Earl of Norfolk width="30%" align="center"Followed by: Hugh Bigod }.
John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk - John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk John Howard (1430-1485) was a descendant of Thomas Mowbray and was created 1st Duke of Norfolk (of the 2nd creation) in 1483, the title having fallen into abeyance upon the death of John Mowbray (1444-1476), who had been 4th Duke of Norfolk (of the 1st creation) from 1461 until 1476. John Howard was known as "Jack (or "Jock," hence: "Jockey") of Norfolk". He had the support of Edward IV of England who made him constable of Norwich Castle, sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk, treasurer of the Royal Household. For his support of Richard III during the desposition of Edward V in 1484, he was created Duke of Norfolk, Earl Marshal of England, and Lord Admiral of all England, Ireland, and Aquitaine. He was married.
John Fitzalan, 13th Earl of Arundel - John Fitzalan, 13th Earl of Arundel John Fitzalan, 13th Earl of Arundel (1385-1421) was an English nobleman. He was the son of John Fitzalan, Baron Maltravers, and Elizabeth le Despenser, and became Baron Maltravers on his father's death in 1391. In 1415 his cousin Thomas Fitzalan, 12th Earl of Arundel died, leaving John as his closest male heir. Arundel had been entailed to heirs male, and so the next year John was summoned to parliament as Earl of Arundel. However the inheritance was challenged by Thomas Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, who was married to the late earl's eldest sister. The dispute was not settled during their lifetimes, and John was subsequently summoned to Parliament as Baron Maltravers, not Earl of Arundel. He married Eleanor Berkeley, and was succeeded.
John Fitzalan, 14th Earl of Arundel - John Fitzalan, 14th Earl of Arundel John Fitzalan, 14th Earl of Arundel (1408 - June 12, 1435) was an Engish nobleman and military commander during the Hundred Years War. He was the son of John Fitzalan, 13th Earl of Arundel. On his father's death, he inherited the title of Baron Maltravers and a claim to the Earldom of Arundel, which was disputed with the Duke of Norfolk. As a young man Fitzalan fought for the English in France, where he distinguished himself at the siege of Compiegne, and earned the favor of the English regent, John, Duke of Bedford. He also fought at Anglure and Louviers, and was present at Henry VI's coronation as king of France. Fitzalan was made captain of Rouen in February, where on the night.
Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey - Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey (1517 - 1547) was an English aristocrat, and one of the founders of English Renaissance poetry. He born in Hunsdon, Hertfordshire, England, the eldest son of Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, and his second wife, Lady Elizabeth Stafford (daughter of Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham), so he was descended from kings on both sides of his family tree. He was reared at Windsor with Henry VIII's illegitimate son Henry FitzRoy, Duke of Richmond, and they became close friends and, later, brothers-in-law. He became earl of Surrey in 1524 when his grandfather died and his father became duke of Norfolk. He married Lady Frances de Vere, daughter of the Earl of Oxford. In 1532 he accompanied his.
Henry Fitzalan, 19th Earl of Arundel - Henry Fitzalan, 19th Earl of Arundel Henry Fitzalan, 19th Earl of Arundel (c. 1511-1580) was an English nobleman, who over his long life assumed a prominent place at the court of all the later Tudor sovereigns, probably the only one to do so. (Note that some sources number him as 12th Earl of Arundel.) He was the only son of William Fitzalan, 18th Earl of Arundel, and his second wife Anne Percy, daughter of Henry Percy, 4th Earl of Northumberland, and was named for Henry VIII, who personally stood as his godfather at his baptism. At 15 Arundel became a page at king Henry's court. When he came of age in 1333 he was summoned to Parliament as Lord Maltravers, a subsidiary title of his father, who was still.
Francis Russell, 2nd Earl of Bedford - Francis Russell, 2nd Earl of Bedford Francis Russell, 2nd Earl of Bedford (c. 1527-1585), was educated at King’s Hall, Cambridge. He accompanied his father to the French war in 1544, and from 1547 to 1552 was member of parliament for Buckinghamshire, being probably the first heir to a peerage to sit in the House of Commons. He assisted to quell the rising in Devonshire in 1549, and after his father had been created Earl of Bedford in January 1550, was known as Lord Russell, taking his seat in the House of Lords under this title in 1552. Russell was in sympathy with the reformers, whose opinions he shared, and was in communication with Sir Thomas Wyatt; and in consequence of his religious attitude was imprisoned during the earlier part.
Earl - Earl An Earl as a member of the British peerage ranks below a Marquess and above a Viscount. A British Earl equates in rank to a continental Count. The wife of an Earl bears the rank of Countess. Etymology The word "earl" derives from Middle English "erl" meaning warrior, nobleman, equivalent to the jarl in Old Norse. It remains unclear whether there exists connection by etymology to the Anglo-Saxon term "Ealdorman" which translates literally as "Elder", "Senior", and refers to a chief counselor of the realm. That term survives in modern English as "Alderman", a councilman or representative in local government or a local church governing body. History England Earls originally functioned essentially as royal governors. The English kings found it dangerous to give this additional.
Earl Marshal - Earl Marshal The Earl Marshal of England is a hereditary Royal officeholder under the King or Queen of the United Kingdom. The title was "Marshal" until William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke, whose titles of "Earl" and "Marshal" were separate (although he is often referred to now as "Earl Marshal") made it stand for something. After it came into the family of the Dukes of Norfolk, it evolved into "Earl Marshal". The Earl Marshal is the eighth of the Great Officers of State, with the Lord High Constable above him and only the Lord High Admiral beneath him. In the Middle Ages, the Earl Marshal and the Lord High Constable were the officers of the King's horses and stables. When chivalry declined in importance, the Constable's post.
Earl of Derby - Earl of Derby The Earl of Derby is a title in the peerage of England. The title was first adopted by the Ferrers family under a creation of 1139, until forfeited and held by the family of Henry III under a creation of 1337. It became extinct upon Edward III's accession to the throne. It was then created for the Stanley family in 1485. The subsidiary titles of the Earl of Derby are: Baron Stanley of Bickerstaffe (created 1832) and Baron Stanley of Preston (1886). The courtesy title of the eldest son of the Earl is Baron Stanley of Bickerstaffe. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 The Ferrers Creation 2 Creation of Henry III 3 The Stanley Creation 4 Earls of Derby, first Creation (1138) 5 Earls.
Earl of Arundel - Earl of Arundel The oldest extant Earldom (and perhaps the oldest extant title) in the English peerage is the Earldom of Arundel currently held by the Duke of Norfolk, and used as a courtesy title by his heir. The title of Earl of Arundel was first created in 1138 for the Norman baron William d'Albini. The earlier earls were frequently also known as Earl of Sussex, until the mid 13th century, when this title fell into disuse. At about the same time, the Earldom fell to the originally Breton Fitzalan family, a younger branch of which went on to become the Stewart family which later ruled Scotland. A tradition arose that the holder of Arundel Castle should automatically be Earl of Arundel, and this was formally.
Duke of Norfolk - Duke of Norfolk The Duke of Norfolk is the Premier Duke in the peerage of England, and also, as Earl of Arundel, the Premier Earl. He also holds the hereditary position of Earl Marshal, which has the duty of organizing state openings of parliament. For the last five centuries, save some periods when it was under attainder, both the Dukedom and the Earl-Marshalship have been in the hands of the Howard family. According to The House of Lords Act 1999, Norfolk is one of only two hereditary peers automatically admitted to the House of Lords, without being elected by the general body of hereditary peers, due to his duties as Earl Marshal. The present Duke of Norfolk holds the several subsidiary titles: Earl of Arundel (created 1433),.
Alexander Wedderburn, 1st Earl of Rosslyn - Alexander Wedderburn, 1st Earl of Rosslyn Alexander Wedderburn, 1st Earl of Rosslyn (February 13, 1733 - January 2, 1805), Lord Chancellor of Great Britain, was the eldest son of Peter Wedderburn (a lord of session as Lord Chesterhall), and was born in East Lothian. He acquired the rudiments of his education at Dalkeith, and in his fourteenth year matriculated at the university of Edinburgh. It was from the first his desire to practise at the English bar, though in deference to his father's wishes he qualified as an advocate at Edinburgh, in 1754, but entered himself at the Inner Temple on May 8, 1753, so that he might keep the Easter and Trinity terms in that year. His father was called to the bench in 1755, and for the.
Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire - Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire and Ormond (about 1477 - 12 March 1538/9), was born and buried at the family home, Hever Castle. Through the connections of his extended family, he became one of Henry VIII's leading diplomats. Known missions were: 1512 : one of a party of 3 envoys to the Netherlands. 1518 - 1521 : Ambassador to France, where he was involved in arrangements for the "Field of Cloth of Gold" meeting between Henry and the new French king Frances I in 1520. 1521 and 1523 : Envoy to Charles, prince of Castile, the Holy Roman Emperor. 1527 : One of a large envoy to France 1529 : Envoy to a meeting of Charles, Holy Roman Emporor and Pope Clement.
Thomas Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk - Thomas Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk Thomas Mowbray (1365-1399) was an English nobleman, created 1st Duke of Norfolk in 1397, by King Richard II of England. Mowbray was the son of John 4th Lord Mowbray, and Elizabeth, Baroness Segrave. She was the daughter of John 4th Lord Segrave and Margaret, Countess of Norfolk, who was a daughter of Thomas of Brotherton, Earl of Norfolk, a son of Edward I. Thus Mowbray was the great-great-grandson of Edward I. He succeeded his brother John as 6th Lord Mowbray and 7th Lord Segrave in 1382, and soon afterwards was created Earl of Nottingham, a title his elder brother had also held. Three years later he was appointed Earl Marshall, and in that capacity he fought against the Scots, and then against the French..
Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk - Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk (1443-1524) and 1st Earl of Surrey, fought for King Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field in 1485, following which he was imprisoned for several years before having his titles and estates restored. He continued in the service of the Tudor dynasty and was Lieutenant General of the North and largely responsible for the defeat of the Scots at the Battle of Flodden in 1513. He was the father of the more famous Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk. Preceded by: John Howard Duke of Norfolk Followed by: Thomas Howard.
