Electroconvulsive therapy - Electroconvulsive therapy Note: this article needs to be merged with electroconvulsive treatment Electroconvulsive therapy, also known as electroshock or ECT, is a type of psychiatric shock therapy involving inducing an artificial seizure in a patient by passing electricity through the brain. ECT was once a common psychiatric treatment, especially during the 1940s and 1950s, but it is comparatively rare today. It is typically used to treat bipolar disorder and severe depression in cases where talk therapy and drug treatment have proven ineffective. At one time, it was also used for the treatment of schizophrenia, but is now generally regarded as ineffective for that purpose. Overview During ECT, a grand mal seizure is induced in a patient by passing an electrical current through the brain. Current flow.
Electroconvulsive treatment - Electroconvulsive treatment Note: this article needs to be merged with electroconvulsive therapy First-line treatment for most people with clinical depression today consists of antidepressant medication, psychotherapy, or both in combination (Potter et al., 1991; Depression Guideline Panel, 1993). In situations where these options are not effective or too slow (for example, in a person with delusional depression and intense, unremitting suicidality) electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) may be considered. History of ECT ECT, sometimes referred to as electroshock or shock treatment, was developed in the 1930s based on the mistaken belief that epilepsy (seizure disorder) and schizophrenia could not exist at the same time in an individual. Accumulated clinical experience—later confirmed in controlled clinical trials, which included the use of simulated or "sham" ECT as a control (Janicak.
Shock therapy - Shock therapy Shock therapy is the deliberate and controlled induction of some form of physiological shock in an individual for the purpose of psychiatric treatment. Although once common, with advances in psychiatric drugs shock therapy is now reserved for only severe cases of depression and bipolar disorder that do not respond to talk therapy or drug based treatment. Although once used for the treatment of schizophrenia, it is now generally regarded as being ineffective for that purpose. Doctors have noticed for thousands of years that a person's mental state sometimes changes dramatically following recovery from shock or seizures, whether induced by a head injury, an illness such as malaria, or chemically. Shock therapy is an attempt to produce these same changes artificially. Forms of shock therapy Electroconvulsive.
Homosexuality and morality - homosexuality and pedophilia, and to new scientific research on the causes of sexual orientation. On the other hand, many religious fundamentalists in the United States and Islamic nations continue to strongly oppose homosexuality, calling it a sin and an aberration. Consequences range from counseling over so-called reparative therapy to death. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 View that homosexuality is immoral 2 View that homosexuality is moral, morally acceptable, or morality does not apply 3 Morality and genetic determination 4 Moral attacks based on linking homosexuality to other behaviors View that homosexuality is immoral Advocates of the view that homosexuality is immoral consist chiefly of followers of various religions, especially Christianity. Based on interpretations on various verses in the Old and New Testaments, they conclude that God has forbidden homosexual acts. Adding.
Homosexuality and medical science - classify homosexuality as a psychological disorder, the Nazis, who strongly disapproved of 'Jewish' psychoanalysis and psychology in general, based their disapproval of homosexuality on physical factors. This was predominantly motivated by the fear that the spread of homosexuality could weaken or effeminise the Aryan male, and generally prohibit reproduction. For more information see the article Homosexuals in Nazi Germany. For many outside of the Axis territories, WWII itself was a sexually liberating experience, particularly for homosexuals. The aftermath, however, brought renewed conservatism and emphasis on family values. Homosexuals were frequently forceably subjected to psychological treatments such as chemical castration, sexual reassignment surgerys and electroconvulsive therapy. AIDS crisis When the AIDS virus first appeared in the 1970s, baffled epidemiologists sometimes described the collective symptoms they were seeing as the 'gay disease' or.
Anti-psychiatry - A sermon against the earlier practice by Bishop August Clemens Graf von Halen of Münster delivered on August 3, 1941 is credited with inspiring a group of young medical students to publish anti-Hitler pamphlets in 1942 and 1943 in the name of White Rose. Cooper was a Marxist, and indeed there has been a great challenge to conventional theories of psychiatry from Western believers in Marxism, but the anti-psychiatry movement is by no means homogenous ideologically, and Szasz approached anti-psychiatry from a civil libertarian perspective and challenged Cooper's Marxist beliefs. Many of their criticisms derived from the inhumane treatment of mental patients. Electroconvulsive therapy, or ECT, has been used to sedate and punish difficult psychiatric patients, rather than for therapeutic purposes. Others contend that even accepted theraputic practices remain instruments of.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation - subjects. TMS is currently under study as a treatment for severe depression and auditory hallucinations. It is particularly interesting as it may provide an viable treatment to certain aspects of drug resistant mental illness, particularly as an alternative to electroconvulsive therapy. TMS is also under investigation for the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy. When properly combined with MRI and EEG, TMS becomes a brain mapping tool. By stimulating different points of the cortex and recording responses, e.g., from muscles, one may obtain maps of functional brain areas. By measuring EEG, one may obtain information about the healthiness of the cortex (its reaction to TMS) and about area-to-area connections. Although research in this area is in its infancy, there is now strong evidence that TMS is an effective treatment for both depression and.
Sertraline - disorder and panic disorder. It was first approved by the FDA in 1997. It has a number of adverse effects including insomnia, asthenia, gastrointestinal complaints, tremours, confusion, and dizziness; it can induce mania or hypomania in around 0.5% of patients. It is contraindicated in individuals taking MAOIs or undergoing electroconvulsive therapy..
Roky Erickson - featuring the epic track "Slip Inside This House". In 1969, Erickson was arrested for possession of six marijuana joints in Austin, Texas. Rather than serve a short prison term, Erickson pled insanity, which proved to be a mistake. He was sent to the Rusk State Hospital for the Criminally Insane in Austin, where he was subjected to electroconvulsive therapy and Thorazine treatments and held until 1972. When released from the state hospital, Erickson's mental outlook had changed. In 1974, Erickson formed a new band which he called Bleib Alien, Bleib being an anagram for Bible. His new band exchanged the psychedelic sounds of the 13th Floor Elevators for a more heavy metal sound that featured lyrics on old horror film and science fiction themes. The new band renamed itself Roky Erickson.
Johnston-Ruyer Back Therapy - Johnston-Ruyer Back Therapy The fundamentals of Johnston-Ruyer back therapy are simple and can be learned and applied by individuals without instruction courses, but some of the movements are a bit unusual and must be followed quite closely to be most effective in relieving everyday stress on the back muscles. All exercises can be applied in some form even (and especially) while suffering from back pain, since, when properly performed, they can provide a degree of immediate relief by helping the patient to use their back muscles much less while they are performing ordinary activities. The most effective proof of the method often comes when patients in great pain find they can move, for example rising up from a chair, without pain if they follow the prescribed movements for doing.
Institute for Effective Therapy of Homosexuality - Institute for Effective Therapy of Homosexuality The Institute for Effective Therapy of Homosexuality (IETH) was created by the International Healing Foundation "for the purpose of developing, implementing and teaching successful methods for healing homosexuality". They state: "We believe that a homosexual orientation represents a developmental (gender identity deficit) disorder. We further believe that by discovering the root causes, healing the wounds and fulfilling the unmet needs, anyone can actualize his or her full heterosexual potential. What was learned can be unlearned." While the IETH does not formally endorse a religion, its mother organization, the IHF, states that it "seeks to help each man, woman, and child in healing from past and present wounds, and empower them with the understanding of their value as a child of God." The.
Insulin potentiation therapy - Insulin potentiation therapy Insulin potentiation therapy (IPT) is a therapeutic modality used by some physicians to treat cancer, in combination with other chemotherapy agents. It dates from 1925, and has been in use continuously since. However, it is not accepted by the medical mainstream. The theory behind IPT includes the idea that at least some types of cancer cells have far more insulin receptors than normal cells, which in theory allows the use of insulin to trick the cancer cells into rapidly absorbing chemotherapy from the blood. As a result, lower doses of chemotherapy agents are used, with significantly fewer toxic effects to the patient. The IPT also induces a temporary lowering of the patient's blood sugar, which is thought to also aid the chemotherapy uptake. Physicians using.
Herbal therapy - Herbal therapy Herbal therapy is a way of alternative medicine based on the use of herb-extracts. It can be seen as the predecessor of allopathy.
Hormone replacement therapy - Hormone replacement therapy This article is about the treatment with sex steroids. For hormone replacement therapy in general, and for other instances in which hormones might be prescribed, see hormone therapy. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is a system of medical treatment for postmenopausal women, based on the assumption that it may prevent health problems caused by diminished circulating estrogen hormones. The treatment involves a series of drugs designed to artificially boost hormone levels. Estrogens and progestagens are the two main types of hormones involved. HRT is also used by transsexuals to aid them in attaining the secondary sex characteristics of their desired sex. HRT provides low dosages of an estrogen and a progestagen. In women who have had a hysterectomy only an estrogen is given, unopposed estrogen therapy..
Hormone therapy - Hormone therapy In medicine, hormone therapy is the use of hormones in medical treatment and covers various types of hormones including growth hormones and sex hormones. Types of hormone therapy include: hormone replacement therapy hormone treatment of Klinefelter's syndrome hormone treatment of Turner syndrome hormone treatment in gender reassignment therapy treatment with growth hormone to treat growth hormone deficiency treatment with thyroid hormones in hypothyroidism replacement of calcitonin following parathyroidectomy replacement of testosterone in males with low levels due to disease or aging The oral contraceptive pill is a form of hormone therapy. Anti-hormone treatment with hormone antagonists is also used: for example, the use of antiandrogens to suppress androgenic hormones. See also: chemotherapy.
Hypnotherapy - Practitioners believe that when a client enters a trance state, or believes to do so, the client's resistance to beneficial change will be lowered significantly, and so various means of therapy will be easier to deliver and more successful. People seek help from a hypnotherapist for problems such as obesity, smoking or phobias, but also less mind-related problems, like stomach ulcers. Usually the client is very aware of the nature of the problem and is consciously determined to deal with it. However the subconscious mind is not cooperating. The role of the hypnotherapist is to move the conscious mind to one side and reprogramme the subconscious to sooperate with the client's wishes. To use Transactional Analysis terms the hypnotist suppresses the Child Ego State allowing fuller expression for the Parent and.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy - Hyperbaric oxygen therapy Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is the medical use of oxygen at a higher than atmospheric pressure. The therapeutic principle of HBOT lies in a drastically increased partial pressure of oxygen in the tissues of the body. While under normobaric conditions (i.e. under atmospheric pressure), oxygen transport is limited by the oxygen binding capacity of red blood cells, HBOT makes use of oxygen transport by blood plasma. The increased overall pressure is of therapeutic value when HBOT is used in the treatment of decompression sickness. The main indications (some controversial) for HBOT are: Carbon monoxide poisoning Decompression sickness Severe infection by anaerobic bacteria (such as gas gangrene) Air or gas embolism Enhancement of healing in problem wounds Severe uncorrected anemia Osteomyelitis HBOT is recognized by conventional.
Gene therapy - Gene therapy Gene therapy is the insertion of genes into an individual's cells and tissuess to treat a disease, and hereditary diseases in particular. Gene therapy typically aims to supplement a defective mutant allele with a functional one. Although the technology is still in its infancy, it has been used with some success. Antisense therapy is not strictly a form of gene therapy, but is often lumped together with them. Background In the 1980s, advances in molecular biology had already enabled human genes to be sequenced and cloned. Scientists looking for a method of easily producing proteins, such as the protein deficient in diabetics - insulin, investigated introducing human genes to bacterial DNA. The modified bacteria then produce the corresponding protein, which can be harvested and injected.
Group therapy - Group therapy Group therapy is a form of psychotherapy during which one or several therapists treat a small group of clients together as a group. This may be more cost effective than individual therapy, and possibly even more effective. Quoted with permission is the report of one client: "What I got out of group therapy: I was treated with respect, listened to, not judged. I was able to say in "public" what my symptoms were and how I felt. I met other people who had what I had which relieved the feeling of isolation. I learned from the other members of the group what worked for them and copied the skills that worked for me. I got encouragement from the others when I wanted to die. I.
Food therapy - Food therapy Food therapy is the practice of healing using natural foods instead of medications. Food therapy is a modality of traditional Chinese medicine, also known as Chinese Nutrition therapy. It is particularly popular among Cantonese people who enjoy slow-cooked soups. One of the most commonly known is a rice soup that goes by many names including congii and jook. Some common food therapy items and recipes: Bird nest: oral secretion of swifts, collected from the binding material of their nests. Alleged effects: promote beautiful skin for women; "strengthen the spleen and open up the stomach" (meaning improve appetite.) vegetables and fruits are believed to nullify the effect of bird nest if taken within the same day. The dried material is soaked in water to rehydrate. The.
