Grand empress dowager - Grand empress dowager The title Grand Empress Dowager (simplified and traditional Chinese: 太皇太后, pinyin tai4 huang2 tai4 hou4) was given to the grandmother or a woman from the grandmother generation of the Chinese dynastic ruler. Some grand empress dowagers held regency within the beginning years of reign of an underage or young emperor. Nevertheless the most prominent and infamous dowagers extended long periods of regency even if the emperor was matured enough to govern alone, which was a source of political turmoil according to traditional view of Chinese history. Famous Grand Empresses Dowager include: Grand Empress Dowager Wang, aunt of Wang Mang Xiaozhuangren Grand Empress Dowager, during the reign of the Kangxi Emperor Xiaozhexian Grand Empress Dowager, commonly known as the Empress Dowager Cixi, during the reign.
Empress Dowager Cixi - Empress Dowager Cixi Empress Dowager Tzu-hsi, or in pinyin Cixi (November 29, 1835 - November 15, 1908) was a powerful and charismatic figure who was the de facto ruler of Ch'ing (Qing) China in the late 19th and early 20th century. She did her best to cope with the difficulties of the era but her conservative attitudes did not serve her well and the Western powers continued to take advantage of the country's relatively low level of technological development. A widow of the Xianfeng Emperor, she was regent for most of the period from 1861 until her death, sharing power with the Dowager Empress Cian until the latter's death in 1881. While seeking China's "self-strengthening" through strictly-controlled industrial and military growth, she opposed attempts at political.
Empress Dowager Lü - Empress Dowager Lü Format of naming convention in English is under discussion at Wikipedia talk:Naming conventions (Chinese). Empress Dowager Lü (呂太后 Pinyin: Lü Taihou) (d.180 BC) was the principal imperial consort of the Emperor Gao of the Han Empire. Their children included then Emperor Hui and Princess Luyuan (魯元公主). She is most remembered as a powerhungry woman. Legends noted her conspiracy against Han Xin and Pang Yue, two of the prominent generals and major contributors to the founding of the dynasty. Emperor Gao then eliminated them after their revolt. Several family members of the consort clan of Lü served in the Han's militia. After her husband Emperor Gao was killed in 195 BC by stray arrow in a frontier skirmish, her immense jealousy and power-hunger caused.
Empress dowager - Empress dowager Empress Dowager (Chinese & Japanese : 皇太后, pinyin húang tài hòu,Japanese pronunciation:Koutaigou) was entitled to the mother or a woman from the mother generation of the Chinese dynastic ruler. Appeared more frequently than the Grand Empress Dowager, numerous empress dowagers held regency within the beginning years of reign of an underage or young emperor. Nevertheless the most prominent and infamous dowagers extended long periods of regency even after the emperor was matured enough to govern alone, which was a source of political turmoil according to traditional view of Chinese history. Chronological list of famous Chinese empress dowagers Han dynasty Empress Dowager Lü Empress Dowager Dou Empress Dowager Deng Empress Dowager Liang Empress Dowager He Northern Dynasties Empress Dowager Feng Empress Dowager Hu Tang Dynasty.
Dowager Empress Cian - Dowager Empress Cian Empress Dowager Tzu An, or in pinyin Cian (1837 - 1881) was co-regent with Cixi for over twenty years. Cian was the primary wife of Xianfeng Emperor..
Xiaozhuangren Grand Empress Dowager - Xiaozhuangren Grand Empress Dowager Grand Empress Dowager Xiao Zhuang (Hiyoošungga Ambalinggū Genggiyenšu Hūwanghu as the Empress in Manchu; died 1688) was the grandmother of Emperor Kang Xi of the Qing Dynasty. She was a daughter of a prince of the Khorchin Mongols, thus was a descendant of Chinggis Khan's brother. She was given to Hong Taiji when she was twelve years old. Her aunt was married to Hong Taiji who also became an empress dowager when Hong Taiji died and was succeeded by Xiao Zhuang's son, Shun Zhi. After Hong Taiji passed away, he didn't leave a will and there was a struggle among his brothers and his eldest son, Hooge. Daišan and Dorgon, brothers of Hong Taiji agreed that Fulin should become the successor and pledged that.
Dowager - Dowager A dowager is a widow who holds a title or property derived from her deceased husband. It is usually associated with monarchical and aristocratic titles. In the United Kingdom, the title of "dowager" is applied to women who fit two qualifications: She is the widow of a previous holder of a title of peerage, and The present holder of the title is her descendant. Generally speaking, dowager peeresses may be known by one of three styles, the forms being: "Duchess (or Marchioness, Countess, Viscountess, or Baroness, as appropriate) of X," "Dowager Duchess of X," and "N, Duchess of X". As long as the present title-holder is not married, a dowager is known by the title she used when her husband was the peer: "Duchess of.
Qi Empress - Qi Empress Qi Empress (奇皇后; Mongolian name: Öljei Khutugh 完者忽都) (?-1369/70) was one of empresses of Toghun Temür Khan (Shun Di/Hui Zong) of the Yuan Dynasty and the mother of Ayurshiridar (Biligtü Khan/Zhao Zong). She was one of the most powerful Koreans in history. She was born to Ki Jao (奇子敖) in Haeng Prefecture (幸州), Korea. She had an elder brother named Ki Cheol (奇轍). She became a concubine of Toghun Temür and mothered Ayurshiridar. After the primary empress Danashri was overthrown in 1340 because of the rebellion by his brother Tanggisi, Toghun Temür try to install Öljei Khutugh as an empress, Bayan, who hold real power, opposed it. When Bayan was purged, she became the secondary empress in 1340 (the primary one was Bayan Khutugh of.
Kangxi Emperor of China - throne at the age of seven. Since Kangxi certainly would not have been able to rule as the emperor, the Shunzhi Emperor left Sonin, Suksaha, Ebilun, and Oboi as assistant ministers. As a result of a fierce power struggle, Oboi seized absolute power. In 1669 the Emperor arrested Oboi with help from the Grand Empress Dowager and began to take the reins by himself. In the sping of 1662, Kangxi ordered the Great Clearance in southern China, in order to fight the anti-Qing movement. He listed three major issues: the flood control of the Yellow River, the repairing of the Grand Canal and the Three Feudatories in South China. The Revolt of the Three Feudatories was raised in 1673 and Burni of the Chakhar Mongols also started a rebellion in 1675..
Kang Youwei - In a series of decrees known as the “hundred days' reform,” the emperor changed the civil service examination system to include essays on current affairs, established Beijing University as well as western-style provincial schools, abolished many sinecure posts, and revised administrative regulations. Backed by conservative officials, Dowager Empress Tz'u Hsi imprisoned the emperor and rescinded most of the reforms. K'ang fled to Japan and spent the years before the 1911 revolution working for constitutional monarchy. He and Liang were bitterly opposed to the T'ung-meng-hui, an anti-Manchu revolutionary party founded in 1905 under the leadership of Sun Yat-sen. After the revolution, K'ang remained in opposition to the republican government, participating (1917) in an unsuccessful attempt to restore the last Ch'ing emperor, Pu Yi. Bibliography: See M. E. Cameron, The Reform Movement in.
King of Hongnong of Han China - Dowager He Wife Major concubines Children Duration of reign 189 Tomb Temple name Courtesy name Posthumous name Posthumous name in short Preceded by: Emperor Ling of Han China Eastern Han Dynasty Succeeded by: Emperor Xian of Han China.
June 16 - - Stenka Razin, Cossack rebel leader (executed) (* c1630) 1707 – Duchess de Nemours, sovereign princess of Neuchâtel, best known for her Mémoires (* 1625) 1722 - John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, English general (* 1650) 1752 - Giulio Alberoni, Spanish cardinal (* 1664) 1752 - Joseph Butler, English philosopher (* 1692) 1777 - Jean-Baptiste-Louis Gresset, French poet and dramatist (* 1709) 1778 - Konrad Ekhof, German actor (* 1720) 1804 - Johann Hiller, German composer (* 1728) 1817 - Alexander Dallas, statesman and financier (* 1759) 1848 - Ludwig II, Grand-Duke of Hesse-Darmstadt, (* 1777) 1849 - Wilhelm Martin Leberecht de Wette, German theologian (* 1780) 1855 - John Gorrie, physician, early pioneer in refrigeration (* 1803) 1858 - John Snow, English obstetrician (* 1813) 1866 - Auguste Barthelemy,.
Imperial Household of Japan - emperors (Jimmu to Chuai) as legendary figures. The reigning emperor, Akihito, is the one hundred twenty-fifth monarch in the official chronology. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Current Members of the Imperial Family 2 Living Former Members of the Imperial Family 3 Succession 4 Related terms 5 External Links Current Members of the Imperial Family The 1947 Imperial Household Law defines the imperial household as: the empress (kōgō), the empress dowager (kotaigo), the grand empress dowager (go-kotaigo), the crown prince (kotaishi) and his consort, the imperial grandson who is heir apparent (kotaison) and his consort, the shinnō and their consorts, the naishinnō, the ō and their consorts, and the nyoō. The legitimate children and male line grandchildren of an emperor are shinnō (imperial princes) in the case of males and naishinnō (imperial.
Villain - (folklore, Mozart) Dorian Gray (Oscar Wilde) Grendel (Beowulf) The Guardian (in the Ultima series of games) Uriah Heep (Charles Dickens) Mr. Hyde (Robert Louis Stevenson) Iago, in Othello Hannibal Lecter, in Silence of the Lambs Simon Legree, in Uncle Tom's Cabin Macbeth and Lady Macbeth Macheath (The Threepenny Opera) The Man with No Eyes (Cool Hand Luke) Mephistopheles (Faust folklore) Mondain (in the Ultima series of games) Professor Moriarty (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle) Napoleon the pig, in Animal Farm Mr. Pecksniff Raskolnikov (Fyodor Dostoyevsky) Saruman {The Lord of the Rings) Sauron (J. R. R. Tolkien) Shylock, in The Merchant of Venice Long John Silver (Robert Louis Stevenson) Steppenwolf (Herman Hesse) Baron Scarpia, in Tosca Tartuffe (Moliere) Darth Vader (Star Wars) Valmont (Les Liaisons Dangereuses) Lord Voldemort (Harry Potter) Volpone (Samuel Johnson).
Han Dynasty - a vital part. Han court officials who attempted to strip lands out of the landlords faced enormous resistance that their policies would never be put in to place. In fact only a member of the landholding families, for instance Wang Meng, was able to put his reforming ideals into effect despite failures of his "turning the clock back" policies. Interruption of Han rule After 200 years, Han rule was interrupted briefly during AD 9-24 by Wang Mang, a reformer and a member of the landholding families. The economic situation deteriorated at the end of Western Han Dynasty. Wang Mang, believing the Liu family had lost the Mandate of Heaven took power, turning the clock back with vigorous monetary and land reforms, which damaged the economy even further. Rise and Fall of.
Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor - still anxious to insure the succession, Henry III had a larger assembly of nobles elect the young Henry as his successor, and then, on July 17, 1054, had him crowned as king by Archbishop Herman of Cologne. Thus when Henry III unexpectedly died in 1056, the accession of the 6-year-old Henry IV was not opposed. The dowager Empress Agnes acted as regent. Henry's reign was marked by efforts to consolidate Imperial power. In reality, however, it was a careful balancing act between maintaining the loyalty of the nobility and the support of the pope. Henry jeopardized both when, in 1075, his insistence on the right of a secular ruler to invest, i.e., to place in office, members of the clergy, especially bishops, began the conflict known as the Investiture Controversy. Pope.
Hundred Days' Reform - to send students abroad for firsthand observation and technical studies. All these changes were to be brought about under a de facto constitutional monarchy. Opposition to the reform was intense among the conservative ruling elite, especially the Manchus, who, in condemning the announced reform as too radical, proposed instead a more moderate and gradualist course of change. Supported by ultraconservatives and with the tacit support of the political opportunist Yuan Shikai, Empress Dowager Cixi engineered a coup d'etat on September 21, 1898, forcing the young reform-minded Guangxu into seclusion. Cixi took over the government as regent. The Hundred Days' Reform ended with the rescindment of the new edicts and the execution of six of the reform's chief advocates. The two principal leaders, Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao, fled abroad to found.
Guangxu Emperor of China - to 1908. He initiated the Hundred Days' Reform but was abruptly stopped when Empress Dowager Cixi launched a coup. Preceded by: Tongzhi Emperor of China Qing Dynasty Succeeded by: Xuantong Emperor of China.
Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon - consort and wife of King George VI, last Queen-Empress of India, last Queen of Ireland and mother of Queen Elizabeth II and Princess Margaret. Born in 1900 at St Paul's Waldenbury, the Hertfordshire house of her parents, Sir Claude George Bowes-Lyon, 14th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne, and his wife, Nina Cecilia Cavendish-Bentinck, she was the ninth of ten children. Born and brought up a 'commoner', she spent much of her childhood at the family's English country home in Hertfordshire and in Scotland at Glamis Castle. World War I broke out when she was 14 years old. An elder brother, the Hon. Fergus Bowes-Lyon, an officer in the Black Watch, was killed in action at Loos in 1915. Glamis Castle was turned into a convalescence home for wounded soldiers, which Lady.
Emperor Ninko of Japan - 繁子) Empress [Dowager] Takatsukasa Yasuko (鷹司 祺子) Ōgimachi Naoko (正親町 雅子) Kanroji Kiyiko (甘露寺 妍子) Hashimoto Tsuneko (橋本 経子) Nakayama Isako (中山 績子) Imajō Tatsuko (今城 媋子) children 7 sons and 8 daughters tomb Nochi no Tsukinowa no misasagi (後月輪陵) Preceded by: Kokaku List of Japanese Emperors Succeeded by: Komei.
