German family name etymology - German family name etymology In etymology, German family names were introduced during the late Middle Ages, in what is now Germany. Usually, such family names are derived from nicknames. They are generally classified into four groups, based on the origin of a nickname: given names, job designations, bodily attributes, and geographical references. Given names often turned into family names when people were identified by their father's name. For example, the first name Ahrend developed into the family name Ahrends by adding a genitive s-ending, as in Ahrend's son. Examples: Ahrends, Burkhard, Wulff, Friedrich, Benz. Job designations are the most common form of family names; anybody who had an unusual job would have been bound to be identified by it. Examples: Schmidt (smith), Müller (miller), Meier (farm administrator), Schulze (mayor),.
Given name etymology - Given name etymology The etymology of given names. Note: Given names are also called first names or Christian names, although the latter originally referred to a name given at baptism. In English, given names are all parts of a person's name except the last part (the family name). Note also that some people's given names are originally family names: in particular, children are sometimes given the family names of recent ancestors. Alphabetically Howard: English. Contraction of Hog Warden. The head keeper of livestock in a feudal manor. Source: John Ciardi, Good Words To You (Radio Program). Thurstan: Germanic. Contraction of Thor and Sten (germanic for stone): Thor's stone. Thurstan is comparable with the German/Nordic names Thorsten or Torsten. See also: first names in the dictionary.
Family name etymology - Family name etymology This is a collection of family name etymologies. For German names, see German family name etymology. Boyer: when German, can be a modification of "Bauer," farmer. Huber: the German name is derived from Huober, a farmer holding a fief. It has also been explained as an abbreviation of Hubert or as a derivation of Heber, the Hebrew Patriarch. It may occur in the following variations: Hiver Hivar, Hubbar, Hupper Huper, Hobar, Hibber, Kuber, Cooper, Kubri, Kivri, Heber, Eber, Hever, Ever. MacLachlan: Gaelic, "son of Norway." Variously spelled. Moreau: From dark or black horse. [1] has the etymology as "French, derived from the nickname for the dark-skinned man, perhaps a Moor." Spector: From the Russian Spectorski, meaning inspector. Jews who registered as inspectors with the Russian.
Folk etymology - Folk etymology Folk etymology (also known as popular etymology) is an "explanation" of the meaning of a word based on its superficial similarity to other words, without analysing its morphological structure, documented history or scientifically reconstructible past forms. Folk etymology may make people change the form of a word so that it would better match its popular rationalisation. For example, Old English sam-blind 'semi-blind' or 'half-blind' became sand-blind (as if 'blinded by the sand') when people were no longer able to make sense of the element sam 'half', and Old English bryd-guma 'bride-man' became bridegroom after the loss of the Old English word guma 'man' (compare French 'homme') rendered the compound semantically obscure. More recent examples are French (e)crevisse which became English cray-fish or asparagus which became.
Etymology - Etymology Etymology is the study of the origins of words. Some words have been derived from other languages, possibly in a changed form (the source words are etymons). Through old texts and comparisons with other languages, etymologists try to reconstruct the history of words - when they entered a language, from what source, and how their form and meaning changed. 2. Etymologists also try to reconstruct information about languages that are too old for any direct information (such as written texts) to be known. By comparing words in related languages, one can learn about their shared parent language. In this way, word roots have been found which can be traced all the way back to the origin of the Indo-European language family. The word etymology (the.
Kalimpong - altitude of 1250 meters (4100 feet), about found 50 kilometers east of Darjeeling and 80 kilometers south of Gantok. It has a population of approximately 50,000. On possible etymology of the name Kalimpong is "minister's stronghold" in Bhutanese, referring to Bhutan's control of the city from 1706 until 1865 when it was ceded to British India in the Treaty of Sinchula. Dzongkha (the main language of Bhutan) can still occasionally be heard on the streets of Kalimpong, although the majority of its residents are Nepali-speakers. Many Tibetans also escaped to Kalimpong after fleeing the Communist Chinese invasion of Tibet. Other suggested etymologies for the name Kalimpong have included: from "ridge where we play" in Lepcha (cf. Lepcha, My Vanishing Tribe, A.R. Foning, ASIN: 8120706854) from "hillock assembly" in Lepcha (cf. The.
Khwarezmia - are numerous and include Khorasam, Khoresm, Khwarezm, Khwarizm, Khwarazm and Chorezm. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Early history 2 Classical times 3 Middle Ages 4 Reference 5 External Link Early history According to Tolstov, the first inhabitants of the area were Hurrians from the area of Transcaucasian Iberia and he explains the etymology of Chorezm as Hurri-Land. The first two names of rulers we have for the area are Sijavus c.1300BC (?synonymous with Afrasiab c.1100 BC) and Aurvat-Aspa usually placed in the late 600s BC though dating is very difficult. Classical times When the king of Khwarezmia offered friendship to Alexander the Great in 328 BC, Alexander's Greek and Roman biographers imagined the nomad king of a desert waste, but 20th century Russian archeologists revealed Khiva as a stable and centralized.
Kitsch - kitsch is said to be a gesture imitative of the superficial appearances of art. It's often said that kitsch relies on merely repeating convention and formula, lacking the sense of truth and beauty displayed in real art. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 History 1.1 Avant-Garde and Kitsch 1.2 Academic Art 1.3 Postmodernism 2 Examples 3 Quotations 4 References 5 External Links 6 See also History Though its precise etymology is uncertain, the term 'kitsch' is widely held to have originated in the Munich art markets of the 1860s and 70s, used to describe cheap, hotly marketable pictures or 'sketches' (the English term mispronounced by Germans, or elided with the German verb verkitschen, to 'make cheap'). Another German word it's connected to is the verb kitschen, meaning to "to scrape up mud.
Kokopelli - from Mexico. Such traders brought their goods in sacks slung across their backs, and this sack may have evolved into Kokopelli's familiar hump (in fact, many tribes make Kokopelli a trader in this way). These men also used flutes to announce themselves as friendly as they approached a settlement. This origin is still in doubt, however, since the first known images of Kokopelli predate the major era of Aztek-Anasazi trade by several hundred years. Another theory is that Kokopelli is actually an anthropomorphic insect. Many of the earliest depictions of Kokopelli make him very insect-like in appearance. The name "Kokopelli" may be a combination of "Koko", another Hopi and Zuni deity, and "pelli", the Hopi and Zuni word for the desert robber fly, an insect with a prominent proboscis and a.
Kogal - of "compensated dating," or enjo kosai, a form of quasi-illegal prostitution that has become heavily associated with kogals (to the point where many Western observers interpret "kogal" to mean "prostitute"). The kogal phenomenon emerged in the mid-1990's and is still going strong today. The term's etymology is disputed: the most common theory is that it was derived from the Japanese word for "high school," kôkô (高校), although others claim that it comes from ko (子), the Japanese word for "child.".
Yanito - Hay call para tí. Spanish: Hay llamada para tí. English: There's a call for you. Yanito: ''Sí, pero at the end of the day...' Spanish: ''Sí, pero al fin del día...' English: ''Yes, but at the end of the day...' Etymology In contention. Some attribute it to llano (plain), a reference to the isthmus between Gibraltar and Spain, or to Giovanni+-ito or even Johnny+-ito. See also Spanglish This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by fixing it..
Jew - Jew. Similarly, non-adherence by one who is Jewish to Jewish principles of faith does not make one lose one's Jewish status. However, the Israeli legal definition of a Jew excludes those who have joined other religions. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Who is a Jew? 2 Conversion to Judaism 2.1 Conversion in Reform Judaism 2.2 Recognition of converts between denominations 2.3 "Jew" in Israeli law 3 Ancient Israelites 4 Ethnic Divisions 5 Ancient sects of Judaism 6 Religious leadership 7 Population 8 The Jewish community today 9 Related articles 10 Etymology of the word 11.
Jealousy - (full of zeal), and from the Greek word for "ardour, zeal", with a root connoting "to boil, ferment"; or "yeast "), originally a condition of zealous emulation. See also crime of passion, delusional jealousy. The jealousy of God, as in Exodus xx. 5, "For I, the Lord thy God, am a jealous God," has been defined by Pusey (Minor Prophets, 1860) as the attribute "whereby he does not endure the love of his creatures to be transferred from him". "Jealous", by etymology, is however, only another form of "zealous", and the identity is exemplified by such expressions as "I have been very jealous for the Lord God of Hosts" (i Kings xix. 10). A kind of glass, thick, ribbed and non-transparent, was formerly known as "jealous-glass," and this application is seen.
Viking - less peacefully with their neighbours. The Viking Age is the name of the latter part of the Iron Age in Scandinavia. In Russia and the Byzantine Empire, the Vikings were known as Varangians (Væringjar), and the Scandinavian bodyguards of the Byzantine emperors were known as the Varangian Guard. Other names include Danes, Northmen, Norsemen Germanians and Normans. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Etymology 2 Historical records 3 The Viking World 4 Sagas 5 Decline 6 Myths about Vikings 7 See also: Etymology The Viking propensity for trade is easily seen in market ports such as Hedeby; close to the border with the Franks it was effectively a crossroads between the cultures, until its eventual destruction by the Norwegians in an internecine dispute in c. 1050. According to the American Heritage Dictionary,.
Jeddah - in 647 A.D., when the Muslim caliph Uthman ibn Affan turned it into a port for pilgrims making the haj to Makkah. There are two accounts explaining the etymology of the name Jeddah, which is pronounced Jiddah in Arabic. According to the less common account, it means "seashore," since Jeddah is located along the coast and is Saudi Arabia's most important port. Some people, however, prefer to pronounce it Jaddah, which means "grandmother": in Islamic tradition, the tomb of Eve, grandmother of all humanity, is located in the city. The supposed tomb was concreted-over by the authorities in 1975, as some uneducated Moslem pilgrims were praying to Eve there, which is strictly against the Moslem religion. The British Foreign Office still insists on using the older spelling of Jedda, contrary to.
Jinx - his general area. An object or animal that brings bad luck. The character of Joe Btfsplk, from Al Capp's Li'l Abner comic strip, was a jinx. His curse was symbolized by a small dark cloud that hovered above his head. The etymology of the word is obscure. The word seems to have originally been used in the context of baseball; in Pitching at a Pinch (1910), Christy Mathewson explained that "a jinx is something which brings bad luck to a ball player." It may come from Latin iynx, the name for the wryneck bird, which was occasionally used in magic and divination. Barry Popik of the American Dialect Society suggests that the word shold be traced back to a American folksong called Captain Jinks of the Horse Marines, which was first.
Virtue - virtus literally means "manliness," from vir, "man" in the masculine sense; and referred originally to masculine, warlike virtues such as courage. In one of the many ironies of etymology, in English the word virtue is often used to refer to a women's chastity. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 The four virtues 2 Virtue in the Western philosophical tradition 3 The unity of the virtues 4 Prudence and virtue 5 The Christian virtues 6 Virtue and vice 7 Virtue in Chinese philosophy 8 Related entries The four virtues The four classic Western "cardinal" virtues are: prudence/wisdom justice fortitude/courage temperance Virtue in the Western philosophical tradition The list of Western virtues goes back at least as far as Plato, in The Republic. A more comprehensive set of virtues is found in Aristotle's Nicomachean.
Virus - a small amount of nucleic acid (either DNA or RNA) surrounded by some form of protective "coat" consisting of protein, or protein and lipid. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Etymology 2 Virus classifications 3 Viral structure 3.1 The viral envelope 3.2 Capsid 3.3 Viral genome 4 Viruses: dead or alive? 5 Origins 6 Human viral diseases 7 Prevention and treatment of viral diseases Etymology The word comes from the Latin virus, referring to poison and other noxious things. Today it is used to describe the biological viruses discussed above and also as a metaphor for other parasitically-reproducing things, such as ideas. The term computer virus has become another well-defined sense of the word. The word virion or viron is used to refer to a single infective viral particle. Despite frequent claims.
Jook-sing - lingo to describe acculturated youth. "ABC" (from "American-born Chinese") and "CBC" ("Canadian-born Chinese") are more generic terms without negative implications completely. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Etymology 2 Values and cultures 3 Related terms Etymology "Jook-sing" literally means "A grain-measuring container made of bamboo". This refers to the fact that bamboos are hollow and compartmentalized, thus water poured in one end does not flow out the other end. The metaphor is that "jook-sings" are not part of either culture. Some so labeled do not consider the term literal and hence, not derogatory, though many do. An example of a jook-sing would be senk1 daw2 (升斗) "Banana" is an alternative to "jook-sing" with the same basic connotation. The metaphor is that the person is yellow on the outside but white on the.
Judas Iscariot - showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Traditional Christian views 2 Modern interpretations 3 Etymology of "Judas Iscariot" 4 Theological Questions 5 Judas in Hymnography 6 Judas and Anti-Semitism 7 Judas in Art and Literature 8.
