Hallucinogenic drug - Hallucinogenic drug Hallucinogenic drugs are typically non-addictive alkaloid chemical substances that produce in humans altered sense-perceptions or states of consciousness. More specifically, they are characterized by classes of pharmacological agents which change the subjective qualities of perception, thought and emotion. In the basic definition, there is no quantitative change in alertness/activity. In practice, however, hallucinogenic drugs may have such activity in addition to their hallucinogenic effect; very few drugs have only a single effect on the human body. As with all chemicals, whether the effect is medicinal, narcotic, or poisonous depends on the chemical and the dosage. Many such chemicals are also called "psychedelics" or "entheogens". Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 History of Hallucinogenic Drug Use 1.1 Europe 1.2 Native American use of Peyote 1.3 Hallucinogens.
Truth drug - Truth drug A truth drug is a drug used for the purposes of obtaining accurate information from an unwilling subject, most often by a police, intelligence, or military organisation on a prisoner. Drugs used for this purpose have included alcohol, scopolamine, and sodium thiopental - all sedatives that interfere particularly with judgement and higher cognitive function. Whilst alcohol is used by this purpose by many individuals in a more innocent sense, it is apparently used by professionals in the areas as well. A book by a former Soviet KGB officer based in Washington, Washington Station, details the use of near-pure alcohol to verify that a Soviet agent was not compromised by US counter-intelligence services. The United States Central Intelligence Agency conducted a series of experiments in the.
Recreational drug use - Recreational drug use Recreational drug use is the use of mind-altering substances for the purpose of altering one's mental state, typically without the supervision of a physician. The use of drugs for spiritual development and exploration is not usually included under the definition of recreational drug use, although the distinction is not always clear. The majority of human societies throughout history have practiced recreational drug use in various forms. Probably the best known example of a recreational drug is alcohol, which most cultures have manufactured in one form or another. As with any drugs, some recreational drugs are addictive, some are harmful to one's health, and some are illegal in most places. A wide variety of drugs have been employed for recreation at various times through history..
Ketamine - anesthetic doses, it sometimes stimulates the circulatory system rather than depresses it. It is sometimes possible to perform ketamine anesthesia without protective measures to the airways. Ketamine is also a potent analgesic and can be used in sub-anesthetic doses to relieve acute pain; however, its psychotropic properties must be taken into account. There is research going on in its usefulness in pain therapy and for the treatment of alcoholism and heroin addiction. Ketamine is a Schedule III drug in the United States, and is used in many other countries, such as Mexico. Patients sometimes reported going into other worlds or seeing god while anesthetized: these unwanted psychological side-effects made ketamine less used. Psychopharmacologically it is a non-competitive glutamate inhibitor at the NMDA receptors. These occur mainly in the hippocampal formation and.
Hallucination - in any sensory modality - visual, auditory, olfactory, gustatory, tactile or mixed. Florid hallucinations are usually associated with drug use, (particularly hallucinogenic drugs), sleep deprivation, psychosis or neurological illness. However, studies have shown that hallucinatory experiences are common across the population as a whole. Previous studies, one as early as 18941, have reported that approximately 10% of the population experience hallucinations. A recent survey of over 13,000 people2 reported a much higher figure with almost 39% of people reported hallucinatory experiences, 27% of which reported daytime hallucinations, mostly outside the context of illness or drug use. From this survery, olfactory (smell) and gustatory (taste) hallucinations seem the most common in the general population. Auditory hallucinations (particularly of one or more talking voices) are particularly associated with psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia,.
Hydrocyanic acid - Hydrocyanic acid Hydrocyanic acid is a powerful hallucinogenic drug. This is the water solution of hydrogen cyanide. It is made by combining hydrogen and cyanogen. It is a colorless volatile liquid, with a peach-blossom odor. It is an extremely deadly poison. It is also known as prussic acid..
Faith of our Fathers - mental breakdown. The story's protagonist, Tung Chien, is a party bureaucrat in Vietnam in a future where Chinese-style communism has triumphed over the entire world. The atheist Communist Party rules absolutely over a population that is kept docile by hallucinogenic drugs. Given an illegal drug by a street seller, he sees the Party leader's appearance on television as an horrific hallucination. He later learns that the drug is stelazine, an anti-hallucinogen, and that what he sees is the true reality of the Party leader: or at least one of them, because different people see any one of twelve different possible visions of the leader. Some see a machine ("the Clanker"), other see a biological monstrosity ("the Gulper"), yet others see a whirlwind, and so forth. An underground movement, fearing that the.
Entheogen - object to using the word "entheogen" to describe taking psychedelic drugs for recreational, and not spiritual/religious purposes. Entheogenic plants or chemicals can provoke in human beings an enlargement of usual consciousness, in which there is a kind of contemplative or meditative experience. See also Hallucinogenic drug DXM ketamine PCP, Psilocybin LSD MDMA Mescaline Peyote DMT.
Dramamine - It is available OTC (over the counter), without a prescription in many areas. The drug it contains is called dimenhydrinate, and it is nearly identical to diphenhydramine HCl. The only differnces are potency (50mg dimenhydrinate = 25mg diphenhydramine) and delay of action (dimenhydrinate must break down to diphenhydramine before it is active, therefore diphenhydramine produces effects sooner). Diphenhydramine is found in most OTC sleep aids and allergy preparations, such as benadryl. It is an anti-cholinergic drug, which accounts for its antihistamine properties. Some people take more than the standard dose of the drug in order to attain an intense hallucinogenic effect (most other "hallucinogens" produce only psuedohallucinations). The physical effects of recreational doses (blurred vision, weakness, twitching, sleepiness and, paradoxically, insomnia) are usually unpleasant for most people. The mental effects are.
2C-B - white powder usually found in pressed tablets or gel caps, and is almost always taken orally. Snorting is also an effective, though extremely painful, way to ingest the drug. On December 20, 1994, in a notice of proposed rulemaking published in the Federal Register (59 FR 65521) and after a review of relevant data, the Deputy Administrator of the DEA proposed to place 4-bromo-2,5-DMPEA into Schedule I making 2C-B illegal in the United States. This became permanant law July, 2 1995. Recently a 2C-B has been distributed under the street name "Nexus." In the past 2C-B has also been distributed as "Eve" and "Venus" and "bromo-mescaline." Not much information is known about the toxicity of 2C-B. 2C-B's hallucinogenic effects are probably explained by the fact that the drug binds to serotonin.
3-quinuclidinyl benzilate - BZ and was weaponized beginning in the 1960s for possible battlefield use. This agent never saw operational use. Destruction of American stockpiles began in 1988 and is now complete. In February 1998, the British Ministry of Defence released an intelligence report that accused Iraq of having stockpiled large amounts of a glycolate anticholinergic incapacitating agent known as Agent 15. As stated above, this compound is speculated either to be identical to BZ or a closely related derivative. Also in 1998, there were allegations that elements of the Yugoslav People's Army used incapacitating agents against fleeing Bosnian refugees that caused hallucinations and irrational behavior. Physical evidence of BZ use in Bosnia remains elusive, however. Sources other than military: BZ and related anticholinergic compounds can be synthesized in clandestine laboratories, but its illicit.
Aldous Huxley - Yellow (1921) he caricatured the Garsington lifestyle, but remained friendly with the Morrells. He married Maria Nys, whom he had met at Garsington. Huxley moved to California in 1937. He became a Hindu in the circle of Swami Prabhavananda, and he also introduced Christopher Isherwood to this circle. He started meditating and he became a vegetarian. Thereafter, his works were strongly influenced by mysticism and the hallucinogenic drug mescalin. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Selected works 1.1 Novels 1.2 Short stories 1.3 Travel writing 1.4 Essays 1.5 Philosophical Writings Selected works Novels Crome Yellow [sic] (1921) Antic Hay (1923) Those Barren Leaves (1925) Point Counter Point (1928) Brave New World (1932) Eyeless in Gaza (1936) After Many a Summer (1939) Time Must Have a Stop (1944) Ape and Essence The Devils.
Amanita muscaria - sprinkled in milk. But it is sometimes consumed for its psychopharmacological effects. Varieties Other varieties have similar appearance to var. muscaria, but differ most conspicuously in cap colour: Var. regalis is liver-brown and has yellow warts. Var. formosa (American fly agaric) is orange-yellow. Var. rosans is pinkish. Var. flavivolvata is red, but has yellow warts Var. guessowii is orange Var. alba is orange Toxicity and chemistry It contains a number of entheogenic constituents: ibotenic acid, muscimol, muscazone and muscarine, of which muscimol (3hydroxy-5-aminomethy-1 isoxazole, an unsaturated cyclic hydroxamic acid) is the most significant. Muscarine, discovered in 1869, was long thought to be the hallucinogenic chemical until late 1960s, when scientists recognized it were ibotenic acid and muscimol. Consuming the mushrooms in doses of over 1 gram can cause nausea but also.
Atropine - and other plants of the family Solanaceae. It is part of the secondary metabolites of plants. It is a drug with a wide variety of effects. All of these derive from its blocking of the [[acetylcholine receptor muscarinic acetylcholine receptors]]; acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter which transmits information from nerve cells to muscles and glands. The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor is used by the parasympathetic nervous system; atropine therefore lowers the activity of all muscles and glands that receive their stimulation via the parasympathetic system. In overdoses, atropine is poisonous. The main use of atropine is in dilating the pupil before undergoing eye exams. Atropine containing drops are directly applied to the eye; they perform their action because the muscles responsible for constricting the pupil use muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Injections of atropine are.
The Prisoner - units" serve as currency in Village shops. An underground control center monitors closed-circuit television cameras located throughout The Village. Regular observers continually spy on Villagers' every movements, and foil Number 6's escape attempts with the aid of Rover, a large balloon-like device that would chase him, suffocate him, dragging him back to land if he was attempting to escape by sea via the nearby beach. Rover was originally intended to be a robotic machine, but when the prototype failed to work during the first episode's shoot, the crew used a weather balloon out of desperation. Throughout the series, Number 2 tried to find out why Number 6 resigned. A variety of interrogation, intimidation, drugs and mind control techniques were used. An intriguing subtext is that Number 6 never learns the identity.
Timothy Leary - May 31, 1996) was an American writer, psychologist, and drug campaigner. As a proponent of the drug LSD during the 1960s, he coined and popularized the catch phrase "Turn on, tune in, drop out." Leary was a psychology professor at Harvard University in the 1950s. While on vacation in Mexico, he tried hallucinogenic psilocybin-bearing mushrooms while participating in a Native American religious ritual, an experience that would vastly alter the course of his life. Upon his return to Harvard in 1960, Leary and his associates, notably Dr. Richard Alpbert, began conducting research into the effects of psilocybin and later LSD with graduate students. Dr. Leary argued that LSD, used with the right dosage, set (what one brings to the experience), and setting, preferably with the guidance of professionals, could alter behaviour.
Salvia divinorum - Oaxaca mountains in isolated, moist and secret plots. It has been used by their shamans for centuries for healing during spirit journeys. The primary active hallucinogenic chemical is known as Salvinorin A (there are also B and C forms.) Salvinorin A is unique in that it is an agonist of neuroreceptors largely ignored by other known drugs. It is an extremely powerful drug, but generally controllable. Usage and Effects Traditional Use The traditional Mazatec method for ingesting salvinorin involves chewing a ball of 15-20 fresh salvia leaves for an extended period of time. Leaf preparations Salvinorin is not very concentrated in the salvia leaves, and the body metabolizes salvinorin relatively quickly; therefore one must smoke a great quantity of salvia leaves in a short amount of time to experience any effects.
San Pedro - United States and adjacent areas of Mexico. San Pedro contains mescaline, a hallucinogenic drug also found in various other area cacti. San Pedro de Atacama is a town in the Atacama desert of northern Chile, bordering the Altiplano (high plain) region and the Bolivian border. It is overlooked by the 19,000-foot volcano Licancabur..
Scopolamine - Structure of Skopolamine Scopolamine (C17H21NO4) is an alkaloid drug obtained from plants of the Solanaceae family (Nightshade), such as henbane or jimson weed (Datura stramonium). It is part of the secondary metabolites of plants. It is structurally similar to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and acts by blocking the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors; it is thus classified as an anticholinergic. In medicine, it it usually used in the form scopolamine hydrobromide. It can be used as a depressant of the central nervous system, though it can cause delirium in the presence of pain, mydriasis (pupillary dilation), and cycloplegia (paralysis of the eye muscles). When combined with morphine, it produces a tranquilized state known as twilight sleep and amnesia. Although originally used in obstetrics it is now considered dangerous. It is used in ophthalmy to.
Soma - scriptures, was apparently a drink, probably created with a hallucinogenic mountain plant; Soma is seen as sacred, as a deva. What Soma actually was, is not known; modern Soma is a non-intoxicating drink, consisting of rhubarb. The Rig-Veda (8.48) states, "We have drunk the Soma; we have become immortal; we have gone to the light; we have found the gods." The plant, itself, is personified as a god. The god is the plant and the drink; there is no difference. The plant is the god and the drink is the god and the plant is the drink -- they are all three the same. Soma was an inspiration for poets. It was a lunar deity, and the underworld. Soma was is depicted as a bull or bird, and sometimes as an.
