Hammered dulcimer - Hammered dulcimer The hammered dulcimer is a stringed musical instrument with the strings stretched over a trapezoidal sounding board. It is considered to be a member of the zither family. The instrument is typically set at an angle on a stand in front of the musician, who holds a hammer in either hand with which to strike the strings (for the plucked Appalachian dulcimer, see dulcimer). Versions of this instrument are recorded in Europe and the Middle East throughout recorded history. In Eastern Europe a larger descendant of the hammered dulcimer called the cimbalom is also played which has been used by a number of classical composers, including Zoltan Kodaly and Igor Stravinsky. The instrument has seen somewhat of a revival in America in the Americal.
Dulcimer - Dulcimer Dulcimer is the name given to two types of stringed musical instrument, which either struck or plucked: The Appalachian dulcimer, which is also referred to as a mountain dulcimer or just a dulcimer, and The Hammered Dulcimer The instruments are quite different, but are both members of the zither family of instruments. This article deals with the Appalachian dulcimer; for the other instrument, see hammered dulcimer. The Appalachian dulcimer The Appalachian dulcimer is a fretted string instrument with three or four strings. The body extends the length of the fingerboard and traditionally has an hourglass shape. A traditional way to play the instrument is to lay it flat on the lap and pluck or strum the strings with one hand, while fretting with the other..
Hammer - ever invented. The use of a hammer to fix broken machinery is jokingly referred to as percussive maintenance. Well-known forms include: Carpenter's hammer, including framing hammer and claw hammer Mechanic's hammer, including ball-peen hammer Construction hammer, including sledgehammer Stonemason's or club hammer Steam hammer Mallet See also: Club, Chisel, hammer throw (field sport), War hammer A hammer is a small padded stick or cane used in pairs to play the hammered dulcimer. Dulcimer hammers are made of a variety of materials, most frequently wood with a hammer head covered with a strip of leather or felt. Also in music, hammers are felt-padded objects within a piano and similar instruments, which, when triggered by depressing a key, strike the instrument's strings. Hammer is an informal term for the malleus bone of the.
Cymbalum - found mainly in the Gypsy music of Hungary, Romania, and Ukraine. It is related to the hammered dulcimer of Western Europe. The small cymbalum developed from the Persian santur, which entered Europe during the Middle Ages. The instrument became popular with Romanian Gypsy musicians (lăutari) around the 19th century; by the end of the century was quite widespread, taking over from the cobza. [1] In Wallachia and Muntenia it is used almost as a percussion instrument. In Transylvania and Banat, the style of play is more tonal, heavy with arpeggios. The small cymbalum is usually carried by the musician, using a strap around the player's neck and leaning one edge of the instrument against the player's waist. In Hungary, a larger concert cymbalum, comparable to a piano, was first developed by.
String instrument - played the electric guitar this way, for example). Instruments which are normally bowed such as the violin, etc, must be bowed perpendicularly to the string, usually at a point half way between the end of the fingerboard and the bridge. Bowing very the near the bridge (known as sul ponticello) or above the fingerboard (sul tasto) are special techniques which produce a different sound. Less commonly, the strings are agitated by other means. The player of the hammered dulcimer strikes the strings with hand-held hammers, while the strings of the aeolian harp are excited by the movement of the air. Some string instruments have keyboards attached which are manipulated by the player, meaning he does not have to pay attention to the strings directly. Perhaps the most familiar example is the.
Zither - across the length of the soundbox, and the instrument does not have a neck. Examples: American Appalacian dulcimer Chinese gŭzhēng Chinese hammered yăngqín Estonian kannel French épinette German Scheitholt hammered dulcimer Icelandic langspil Japanese koto Korean gayageum and geomungo Norwegian langeleik Sundanese kacapi Swedish hummel.
List of musical instruments - French Horn Mellophone Ophicleide Sackbut Serpent Shofar Sousaphone Tenor Horn / Alto Horn (same instrument) Trombone Trumpet Tuba Wagner tuba String instruments Aeolian harp Appalachian Dulcimer Balalaika Banjo Bouzouki Musical bow Cello Crwth Double Bass Fiddle Fiddle and Violin Violin Gayageum Geomungo Guitars: Acoustic guitar Bass guitar Classical guitar Electric Guitar Slide guitar Steel guitar Hammered dulcimer Hardanger Harp Hurdy gurdy Jew's harp Komungo Kora Koto Lute Lyre Mandolin Mbira Psaltery Samisen (or shamisen) Sitar Ukulele Vieille Viol da gamba Viola Viola d'amore Washtub bass Xalam (or khalam) Zither Keyboard instruments Accordion Calliope Carillon Celesta Clavichord Harpsichord Organs: Hammond Organ Pipe organ Piano Toy piano Free reed instruments Accordion Concertina Harmonica Harmonium Melodica Pipe organ (some pipes; others are woodwind) Sheng Percussion instruments Bell Castanets Chimes Cymbals: Crash cymbal Hi-Hat cymbal.
List of musical instruments by Hornbostel-Sachs number - 31. Simple chordophones Instruments consisting of a simple string bearer and strings - there may be an additional resonator, but removing it should not destroy the instrument (so the resonator should not be supporting the strings). Harpsichord Musical bow Piano Zither 32. Composite chordophones Instruments in which the resonator cannot be removed without destruction of the instrument. Aeolian harp Balalaika Banjo Cello Double Bass Fiddle Fiddle and Violin Vieille Violin Guitars: Acoustic guitar Bass guitar Classical guitar Electric Guitar Slide guitar Steel guitar Hammered dulcimer Hardanger Fiddle Harp Hurdy gurdy Komungo Kora Koto Lute Lyre Mandolin Sitar Ukulele Viol da gamba Viola Viola d'amore Violin Washtub bass Xalam (or khalam) 4. Aerophones Instruments in which the vibrating air itself is the primary cause of sound. This can include a column of.
Hammered coinage - Hammered coinage Hammered coinage describes the commonest form of coins produced since the invention of coins in the first millennium BC until the early modern period of ca. the 15th-17th centuries. Hammered coins were produced by placing a blank piece of metal (a planchet or flan) of the correct weight between two dies, and then striking the upper die with a hammer to produce the required image on both sides. The bottom die (sometimes called the anvil die) was usually counter sunk in a log or other sturdy surface and was called a pile. (This is probably related to the modern term pile driver.) One of the minters held the die for the other side, called the trussel, in his hand while it was struck either.
Music of Germany - saw as an expression of pure German tradition, and a tool for spreading party propaganda. Bavaria Bavaria has been part of the Alpine New Wave of folk music alongside Switzerland and Austria. Drawing on pioneers like Biermosl Blosn, musicians from Munich and other cities have fused Bavarian folk with foreign genres and instruments, especially BavaRio's Brazilian samba fusion. Drawing on stubenmusik, native string bands with hammered dulcimers, zithers, guitars and harps. Other bands, like Die Interpreten, have fused jazz and saxophone music. Biermosl Blosn, however, is the most well-known band of the alternative boom; they are famous for their humorous lyrics poking fun at right-wing politicians and controversial satires, such as replacing the Bavarian national anthem's lyrics with words attacking President Franz Josef Strauss in 1980, leading to a long-time band.
Joni Mitchell - song "Woodstock", about the music festival, which was later a hit for both Crosby, Stills and Nash and Matthew's Southern Comfort. Also of interest, "For Free" is the first of Mitchell's many songs focusing on the dichotomy between the benefits of her stardom and its costs, both in terms of its pressure and of the loss of privacy and freedom it entails. This more mature, confessional approach was continued on Blue (1971), widely considered the best of this period. From exploring the various facets of relationships: from infatuation on "A Case Of You" to insecurity on "This Flight Tonight," the songs, featured increasing use of piano and appalachian dulcimer on "Carey" and "All I Want". Others were piano led, some exhibiting the rhythms associated with rock music. The rock influence was.
John of England - turned the barons against him, and he met their leaders at Runnymede, near London, on June 15, 1215, to sign the Great Charter called, in Latin, Magna Carta. Because it had been signed under duress, however, John felt entitled to break it as soon as hostilities had ceased. It was the following year that John, retreating from a threatened French invasion, crossed the marshy area known as The Wash in East Anglia and lost his most valuable treasures, including the Crown Jewels, as a result of the unexpected incoming tide. This was a terrible blow, which affected his health and state of mind, and he succumbed to dysentery, dying on October 18 or October 19, 1216, at Newark in Lincolnshire*, and is buried in Worcester Cathedral in the city of Worcester..
Junkers Ju 388 - an altitude that no German plane could operate at effectively. If there was any hope of countering attacks by this bomber, the Luftwaffe would need new fighters and destroyers as soon as possible. A meeting was called at the Messerschmitt factory in Augsburg, and an answer was hammered out. The fighter solution quickly settled on the Focke-Wulf Ta 152H, based on the already successful Fw 190D's with longer wings and the E model of the Junkers Jumo 213 engine. A back-up in the form of the Messerschmitt Me 155B would also be funded at a lower priority. A similar conversion of an existing destroyer wasn't so obvious. The Focke-Wulf Ta 154 and Heinkel He 219's had the performance needed to catch the bomber, but both had short wings and would require.
Julian Tuwim - Cyrulik Warszawski [Barber of Warsaw] and Szpilki [Pins]. At a party, sometime during 1930-s, Adolf Nowaczynski, writer and columnist, known for his sharp tongue as well as his antisemitic views (felt obliged by his given name, perhaps?) proposes following toast: - There would be no Polish literature without Mickiewicz, there would be no Mickiewicz without Pan Tadeusz (epic poem about Polish gentry in Lithuania during Napoleonic war) and there would be no Pan Tadeusz without Jankiel (Jewish innkeeper and musician in the poem) - hurray for Tuwim! To which Tuwim replies: - There would be no Polish literature without Mickiewicz, there would be no Mickiewicz without Pan Tadeusz, nor Pan Tadeusz without Jankiel. And there would be no Jankiel without his dulcimer - hurray for Nowaczynski! For benefit of those not.
Haida - events and to redistribute wealth. A capable man was much admired for being willing to offer a feast, give away much wealth, and then start again to accumulate wealth. For some decades, the potlatch was opposed by the Anglo-European missionaries and lawmen, but today the people can legally potlatch. (See gift economy.) The Haida are known for their intricate weavings, hammered copper pieces, great canoes that travelled hundreds of miles, stories of heroic times. One of the Haida's sacred symbols is Kiidk'yaas, a sitka spruce tree with a rare mutation causing its needles to be golden in colour. The tree stood on the Yakoun River in Haida Gwaii until it was surreptitiously cut down in 1997, causing great consternation in the Haida community. However, twenty years previous, cuttings had been taken.
Hellenic Greece - into rough phalanxes which usually had eight or more rows. The hoplites' shields were held nearly touching, each covering its carrier's left side and his neighbor's right side. Because it was important for more than just individual defence, losing one's shield was the ultimate symbol of cowardice and could be considered treason. Hoplites were provided mainly by the middle class, which usually included most of the citizen population. Wealthier individuals might fight as cavalry, and poorer ones as peltasts, archers, or slingers, but these were not very important in Hellenic militaries until fairly late. In the few naval powers, poor citizens would row the warships (pentekontors and triremes), and the wealthy might command them. Religion Hellenic temples were typically oblong pillar-framed buildings decorated with sculpted figures. Technology Hellenes produced iron in.
Heads or Tails - hand and slap it on the back of their other hand. Traditionally, the second person calls out "heads" or "tails" while the coin is in the air. The Australian game of Two-up is closely related, and involves traditionally two half-pennies. "Cross and Pile" was played in England for many centuries. The cross being the major design element on one side of many coins, and the Pile being the bottom part of the die that was typically hammered into a log and used in the minting process that was accomplished with a small sledge hammer and a die held in the other hand. See also hammered coinage. A related game, "Cross and Pile" is derived from the Greek pastime called Ostra Kinda, played by the boys of ancient Greece. Having procured a.
History of the British penny (1603-1714) - not disposed to accept direction from it when it was sitting, and the ensuing Civil War eventually cost Charles his crown and his head. Numismatically, Charles I's reign is without doubt the most interesting and complicated of any English monarch. Many varieties were produced at the Tower mint, and a number of provincial mints were opened during the Civil War, though as these were mainly opened to produce coins to pay the troops the number of pennies produced there was quite low, as larger denominations were preferred. Between 1630 and 1639 the Frenchman, Nicholas Briot produced a milled coinage which for the first time included pennies. The quality of Briot's coins is superb, and one can only conclude that the only reason the Tower mint was not turned over completely to.
History of the halfpenny - moneyer GODWIN A ON WI -- Godwin of Winchester. Two issues, both struck at the London mint, have been discovered recently. Both are in the short-cross style of King Henry III, produced between 1216 and 1247, and are similar in design to the pennies, but only half the size. The obverse shows a crowned bust of the king holding a sceptre, with the inscription HENRICUS REX, while the reverse shows a small cross with four pellets in each quarter with the moneyer's inscription TERRI (or ELIS) ON LUND --Terry (or Elis) of London. Edwardian and Henrician halfpennies King Edward I (1272-1307) successfully introduced the halfpenny as part of his new coinage, which allowed trade to increase. As with all coins of this period, the denomination was not written on the coin,.
U.S. presidential election, 1992 - the military and had participated in protests against the Vietnam War. In emphasizing his experience as president and commander-in-chief, Bush also drew attention to what he characterized as Clinton's lack of judgment and character. For his part, Bill Clinton organized his campaign around another of the oldest and most powerful themes in electoral politics: change. As a youth, Clinton had once met President John F. Kennedy, and in his own campaign 30 years later, much of his rhetoric challenging Americans to accept change consciously echoed that of Kennedy in his 1960 campaign. As governor of Arkansas for 12 years, Clinton could point to his experience in wrestling with the very issues of economic growth, education and health care that were, according to public opinion polls, among President Bush's chief vulnerabilities. Where.
