History of the Central African Republic - History of the Central African Republic The Central African Republic is believed to have been settled from at least the 7th century on by overlapping empires, including the Kanem-Bornu, Ouaddai, Baguirmi, and Dafour groups based around Lake Chad region and along Upper Nile. Later, various sultanates claimed present-day C.A.R, using the entire Oubangui region as a slave reservoir, from which slaves were traded north across the Sahara and to West Africa for export by the Europeans. Population migration in the 18th and 19th centuries brought new migrants into the area, including the Zande, Banda, and Baya-Mandjia. In 1875 the Egyptian sultan Rabah governed Upper-Oubangui, which included present-day C.A.R. Europeans, primarily the French, German, and Belgians, arrived in the area in 1885. The French consolidated their legal.
History of Africa - History of Africa The following is an outline of African history, followed by a list of articles about the history of particular places in Africa. The text may be dated in parts because it was taken originally from a 1911 encyclopedia— please modernise and update as required. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Origins of the Name 2 Prehistory 3 Neolithic North Africa and Phoenician and Greek colonization 4 Islamic North Africa 5 Sub-Saharan Africa: Medieval empires 6 European exploration and conquest 6.1 Portuguese 6.2 19th Century European explorers 6.3 Partition among European Powers 6.4 Conflicting ambitions of the European powers 6.5 The Berlin Conference of 1884-85 7 Africa at the start of the 20th century 8 Africa Between the World Wars 9 World War II Era.
History of South Africa - History of South Africa Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Prehistory 2 Early Dutch Colonization 2.1 British Incursions 3 The Boer Wars 4 British Rule 5 Union of South Africa 6 Apartheid 6.2 The Soweto Riots 7 Transition to Majority Rule 8 The Post-Apartheid Era 8.3 The AIDS Crisis Prehistory Extensive fossil records at the Sterkfontein, Kromdraai and Makapansgat caves indicate that various ape-men (australopithecines) evolved in South Africa from about 3 million years ago. Prominent South African human fossils include the Taung child, "Mrs Ples" and the newly discovered Little Foot skeleton. These ape-men were succeeded by various species of Homo, including Homo habilis, Homo erectus and Homo sapiens. Iron-using peoples moved south of the Limpopo River, into modern-day South Africa, by the 4th or 5th.
History of African music - History of African music Rap owes its origins to West Africa, in Gana (Ghana) and Sierra Leone. In Ghana rap was used by slaves to confuse their white masters. That's just the beginning ....
History of Chad - History of Chad This page discusses the history of Chad, Africa. A humanoid skull found in Borkou is more than 3 million years old. Because in ancient times the Saharan area was not totally arid, Chad's population was more evenly distributed than it is today. For example, 7,000 years ago, the north central basin, now in the Sahara, was still filled with water, and people lived and farmed around its shores. The cliff paintings in Borkou and Ennedi depict elephants, rhinoceroses, giraffes, cattle, and camels; only camels survive there today. The region was known to traders and geographers from the late Middle Ages. Since then, Chad has served as a crossroads for the Muslim peoples of the desert and savanna regions, and the animist Bantu tribes.
History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Early Mormon History 1.1 First Vision 1.2 Translation of The Book of Mormon 2 Founding of the Church and Early Hostility 3 The Church in Ohio 4 The Church in Missouri 5 The Church in Illinois 5.3 The Assassination of Joseph and Hyrum Smith 5.4 Succession of Leadership Crisis in 1844 6 Migration to Utah and Colonization of the West (1846 to c. 1878) 7 Polygamy and Utah Statehood (c. 1878 to c. 1898) 8 Modernization and Americanization (c. 1898 to c. 1945) 8.5 The Codification of Mormon Doctrine 8.6 The Church and Evolution 8.7 The Church and Prohibition 8.8 The Church Welfare System 9 Global Growth and Internationalism (c. 1945.
History of Comoros - History of Comoros Early inhabitants Over the centuries, the islands of Comoros were invaded by a succession of diverse groups from the coast of Africa, the Persian Gulf, Indonesia, and Madagascar. Portuguese explorers visited the archipelago in 1505. "Shirazi" Arab migrants introduced Islam at about the same time. Colonialism Between 1841 and 1912, France established colonial rule over Grande Comore, Anjouan, Mayotte, and Moheli and placed the islands under the administration of the governor general of Madagascar. Until the opening of the Suez Canal, the islands used to be an important refueling and provisioning stop for ships from Europe to the Indian Ocean. Later, French settlers, French-owned companies, and wealthy Arab merchants established a plantation-based economy that now uses about one-third of the land for export.
History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo - History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo The area now known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo was populated as early as 10,000 years ago and settled in the 7th and 8th centuries A.D. by Bantus from present-day Nigeria. The most important events in the history of the area (from the point of view of its current situation) occurred in the fifty years or so from about 1870, when European exploration and exploitation took place. The rape of the Congo stands alone as the single most brutal and greedy episode of colonisation in modern history, and is described in the entry on the Congo Free State. The Belgian Congo (Account of the period 1908 to 1960 goes here) Changes in Congolese Society (brief overview).
History of Djibouti - History of Djibouti The Republic of Djibouti gained its independence on June 27, 1977. It is the successor to French Somaliland (later called the French Territory of the Afars and Issas), which was created in the first half of the 19th century as a result of French interest in the Horn of Africa. However, the history of Djibouti, recorded in poetry and songs of its nomadic peoples, goes back thousands of years to a time when Djiboutians traded hides and skins for the perfumes and spices of ancient Egypt, India, and China. Through close contacts with the Arabian peninsula for more than 1,000 years, the Somali and Afar tribes in this region became the first on the African continent to adopt Islam. It was Rochet d'Hericourt's.
History of Equatorial Guinea - History of Equatorial Guinea The first inhabitants of the region that is now Equatorial Guinea are believed to have been Pygmies, of whom only isolated pockets remain in northern Rio Muni. Bantu migrations between the 17th and 19th centuries brought the coastal tribes and later the Fang. Elements of the latter may have generated the Bubi, who emigrated to Bioko from Cameroon and Rio Muni in several waves and succeeded former neolithic populations. The Annobon population, native to Angola, was introduced by the Portuguese via Sao Tome. The Portuguese explorer, Fernando Po (Fernao do Poo), seeking a route to India, is credited with having discovered the island of Bioko in 1471. He called it Formosa ("pretty flower"), but it quickly took on the name of its.
History of Ethiopia - History of Ethiopia Ethiopia is the oldest independent country in Africa and one of the oldest in the world. Herodotus, the Greek historian of the 5th century BC describes ancient Ethiopia in his writings. The Old Testament of the Bible records the Queen of Sheba's visit to Jerusalem. According to legend, Menelik I, the son of King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba, founded the Ethiopian Empire. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Earliest History 1.1 Introduction of Christianity 2 Portuguese Influence 3 The Period of Isolation 4 Leaving the Medieval World 5 Modern History 6 Reference Earliest History The connection between Egypt and Ethiopia from at least as early as the Twenty-second Dynasty was very intimate, and occasionally the two countries were under the same ruler,.
History of Gabon - History of Gabon During the last seven centuries, Bantu ethnic groups arrived in the area from several directions to escape enemies or find new land. Little is known of tribal life before European contact, but tribal art suggests rich cultural heritages. Gabon's first European visitors were Portuguese traders who arrived in the 15th century and named the country after the Portuguese word "gabao," a coat with sleeve and hood resembling the shape of the Komo River estuary. The coast became a center of the slave trade. Dutch, British, and French traders came in the 16th century. France assumed the status of protector by signing treaties with Gabonese coastal chiefs in 1839 and 1841. American missionaries from New England established a mission at Baraka (now Libreville) in.
History of Guinea - History of Guinea The area occupied by Guinea today was included in several large West African political groupings, including the Ghana, Mali, and Songhai empires, at various times from the 10th to the 15th century, when the region came into contact with European commerce. Guinea's colonial period began with French military penetration into the area in the mid-19th century. French domination was assured by the defeat in 1898 of the armies of Almamy Samory Touré, warlord and leader of Malinke descent, which gave France control of what today is Guinea and adjacent areas. France negotiated Guinea's present boundaries in the late 19th and early 20th centuries with the British for Sierra Leone, the Portuguese for their Guinea colony (now Guinea-Bissau), and Liberia. Under the French, the.
History of Guinea-Bissau - History of Guinea-Bissau The rivers of Guinea and the islands of Cape Verde were among the first areas in Africa explored by the Portuguese in the 15th century. Portugal claimed Portuguese Guinea in 1446, but few trading posts were established before 1600. In 1630, a "captaincy-general" of Portuguese Guinea was established to administer the territory. With the cooperation of some local tribes, the Portuguese entered the slave trade and exported large numbers of Africans to the Western Hemisphere via the Cape Verde Islands. Cacheu became one of the major slave centers, and a small fort still stands in the town. The slave trade declined in the 19th century, and Bissau, originally founded as a military and slave-trading center in 1765, grew to become the major commercial.
History - History History is often used as a generic term for information about the past, such as in "geologic history of the Earth". When used as a field of study, history refers to human history, which is the recorded past of human societies. The term "history" comes from the Greek historia, "an account of one's inquiries," and shares that etymology with the English word story. Historians use many types of sources, including written or printed records, interviews (oral history), and archaeology. Different approaches may be more common in some periods than others, and the study of history has its fads and fashions (see historiography, the history of history). The events that occurred prior to human records are known as prehistory. There is a very large amount of.
History of Europe - History of Europe For links to the history of individual countries in Europe see the end of this article. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 The origins 2 The Greeks 3 Rome 4 Early Middle Ages 5 Later Middle Ages 6 Renaissance and Reformation 7 Colonial expansion 8 The 16th, 17th and 18th century 9 The French Revolution and Napoleon 10 The 19th century 11 Early 20th century: the World Wars 12 Late 20th century: the Cold War 13 Early 21st century: the European Union 14 Histories of present-day territories The origins Neanderthals settled Europe long before the emergence of modern humans, Homo sapiens. The earliest appearance of modern people in Europe has been dated to 35,000 B.C. Evidence of permanent settlement dates from 7,000 B.C The.
History of the Netherlands - History of the Netherlands Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Prehistory 2 Roman Era 3 Holy Roman Empire 4 Struggle for Independence and the Golden Age 5 French rule 6 Monarchy 7 20th century 7.1 World War I 7.2 World War II 7.3 After World War II Prehistory The Netherlands have been inhabited since the last Ice Age. The most famous remnants from the early age in the Netherlands are the hunebedden (Dutch for dolmens), large stone grave monuments from the neolithic, which can be found in Drenthe. Roman Era In the first century BC, the Romans came to the Netherlands. For the majority of the Roman occupation, the boundary of the Roman Empire lay along the Rhine. Romans built the first cities in the Netherlands, most.
History of Spain - History of Spain This is the history of Spain. See also the history of Europe and history of present-day nations and states. It is traditional (only since 19th century) to start the history of modern Spain with the Visigoth kingdom. Although it is debatable whether there is continuity between it and the Kingdom of Castilla and Aragon after the 15th century, a discussion of modern Spain would be incomplete without a mention of the Visigoth Kingdom. Accordingly, Both it and Al Andalus have their own sections in this article, but should have full-blown articles of their own. The history of Spain just before the Visigoths belongs in the Roman Empire article. Before the Roman Empire, the Iberian Peninsula was never politically unified, see Preroman Iberia for.
History of Islam - History of Islam Before the time of Muhammad, Arabia was inhabited by Bedouin. The city of Makkah was a religious and commercial center. The History of Islam begins in Arabia in the 7th century. At that time the Arabs followed various polytheistic religions; a few of them followed Judaism, Christianity (including the followers of Nestorius) and Zoroastrianism. Muhammad was born in the year 571 (Common Era, or CE). His father died before his birth, and his mother died at a very early age, so he was raised by his uncle Abu Talib. When he was about 25 years old, Muhammad married a wealthy widow, Khadija, who was 40, and began his career as a trader. Fifteen years later, according to Islamic tradition, he experienced his initial.
History of Haiti - History of Haiti The Spaniards used the island of Hispaniola - also known as Haiti, Quisqueya, and Bohio (of which the Republic of Haiti occupies the western third and the Dominican Republic the remainder in the modern era) - as a base in the early 16th century from which to establish European domination of the so-called "New World". Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Native extinction and colonial rule 2 Postcolonial rule 3 The 1991 Coup 4 Transition to Democracy 5 Political Gridlock 6 The Electoral Crisis 7 International Military Presence Native extinction and colonial rule Haiti's indigenous Arawak (or Taíno) population suffered near-extinction in the decades after Christopher Columbus's arrival in 1492, in possibly the worst case of the widespread depopulation which followed the first European.
