History of Belarus - History of Belarus The history of Belarus begins with the migration and expansion of the Slavs throughout Eastern Europe between the 6th and 8th centuries of the Common Era. East Slavs settled on the territory within present-day Belarus, Russia and Ukraine, assimilating local Baltic (Belarus), Ugro-Finnic (Russia) and steppe nomads (Ukraine) already living there, early ethnic integrations that contributed to the gradual differentation of the three East Slavic nations. These East Slavs were pagan, animistic, agrarian people whose economy included trade in agricultural produce, game, furs, honey, beeswax and amber. During the 9th and 10th centuries, the Rus tribe of the Scandinavian Vikings established trade posts on the way from Scandinavia to Byzantine Empire. The network of lakes and rivers crossing East Slav territory provided a.
History of Europe - History of Europe For links to the history of individual countries in Europe see the end of this article. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 The origins 2 The Greeks 3 Rome 4 Early Middle Ages 5 Later Middle Ages 6 Renaissance and Reformation 7 Colonial expansion 8 The 16th, 17th and 18th century 9 The French Revolution and Napoleon 10 The 19th century 11 Early 20th century: the World Wars 12 Late 20th century: the Cold War 13 Early 21st century: the European Union 14 Histories of present-day territories The origins Neanderthals settled Europe long before the emergence of modern humans, Homo sapiens. The earliest appearance of modern people in Europe has been dated to 35,000 B.C. Evidence of permanent settlement dates from 7,000 B.C The.
History of Poland - History of Poland This article is the top of the History of Poland series. Early history of Poland (until 1385) The Jagiellon Era The Noble Republic Partitioned Poland (1795-1914) Independence of Poland Regained History of Poland (1939-1945) People's Republic of Poland History of Poland (1989-present) The people of Poland took pride in their long history, filled with the struggle to get, keep, and regain freedom—the main value for Poles. Poles founded one of the first parliamentary systems in the world, invented the idea that pagans share the same human rights as Christians, and implemented one of the first systems based on religious pluralism and tolerance. Over the past millennium, the name Poland has been applied to a shifting territorial base. At one time, in the 16th.
History of present-day nations and states - History of present-day nations and states This is a list of articles on the history of the countries that still exist today. See List of extinct countries, empires, etc for articles about countries that are no longer in existence. See List of countries for other articles and lists on countries. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A Afghanistan - Albania - Algeria - Andorra - Angola - Anguilla - Antigua and Barbuda - Argentina - Armenia - Aruba - Ashmore and Cartier Islands - Australia - Austria - Azerbaijan B Bahamas - Bahrain - Baker Island - Bangladesh - Barbados - Bassas da India - Belarus.
History of Russia - History of Russia zh-cn:俄罗斯历史 The history of Russia series: Early Russian East Slavs Kievan Rus' Khazaria Mongol invasion of Russia Muscovy Imperial Russia Russian Revolution Russian Civil War The Soviet Union History of the Soviet Union: Part I (1917-1945) History of the Soviet Union: Part II (1945-1991) Collapse of the Soviet Union Commonwealth of Independent States Post-communist Russia List of famous Russians Related histories History of Belarus History of Estonia History of Finland History of Latvia History of Lithuania History of Ukraine Related articles Eastern Orthodoxy History of Europe History of Asia Russian colonization of the Americas History of present-day nations and states..
History of Ukraine - History of Ukraine Early history The first identifiable groups to populate what is now Ukraine were Cimmerians, Scythians, Sarmatians, and Goths, among other nomadic peoples who arrived throughout the first millennium B.C. These people were well known to colonists and traders in the ancient world, including Greeks and Romans, who established trading outposts which eventually became city states. Slavic tribes occupied central and eastern Ukraine in the sixth century A.D. and played an important role in the establishment of Kiev. In the 9th century Kiev was conquered from the Khazars by the Varangian (Swedish Viking) Oleg. Situated on lucrative trade routes, Kiev quickly prospered as the center of the powerful Slavic/Scandinavian state of Kievan Rus. In the 11th century, Kievan Rus was, geographically, the largest state.
Belarus - Belarus The Republic of Belarus is a landlocked nation of Eastern Europe with the capital Minsk. Беларусь / Belarus coat of arms (In Detail) (Full size) National motto: None Official languages Belarusian, Russian Capital Minsk President Aleksandr Lukashenko Prime Minister Sergey Sidorsky President (in Exile) Ivonka Survilla Area - Total - % water Ranked 84th 207,600 km² Negligible Population - Total (2002) - Density Ranked 74th 10,350,194 50/km² Independence - Declared - Recognised (Event Xxxx) 1990 (Year) Currency Belarusian Rouble Time zone UTC +2 National anthem My Bielarusy Internet TLD .BY Calling Code 375 Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Name 2 History 3 Politics 4 Administrative subdivision 5 Geography 6 Economy 7 Demographics 8 Symbols from earlier history 9 Culture 10 Miscellaneous topics 11 External Links.
Timeline of Polish history - Timeline of Polish history Timeline of Polish History Dates and most important events in Polish history from prehistoric times up to the present day. ;c.960 :Mieszko I assumes rule in Poland ;966 :Christianization of Mieszko I and Poland ;968 :First bishopric in Poland - Poznan ;972 :Mieszko's victorious battle of Cedynia over margrave Hodon ;992 :Death of Mieszko I ;992-1025 :Reign of Boleslaw I Chrobry (the Brave) ;997 :Death of St.Adalbert of Prague during the christianization of Prussians ;1000 :The Congress of Gniezno, with participation of the Emperor Otto III ;1000 :Archbishopric founded in Gniezno with sufragan bishoprics in Kolobrzeg, Wroclaw, and Cracow ;1025 :Coronation of Boleslaw I Chrobry as the King of Poland ;1034-1058 :Reign of Casimir the Restorer ;1034-1039 :People's rebellion and invasion of the Czech.
Timeline of postal history - Timeline of postal history This is a timeline of significant events in postal history, including dates relating to postage stamps. Seventeenth Century 1639 - Richard Fairbanks' tavern in Boston named repository for overseas mail Eighteenth Century 1775 - Benjamin Franklin, first Postmaster General under Continental Congress 1789 - Samuel Osgood, first Postmaster General under Constitution 1792 - On February 20 the Postal Service Act establishes the United States Post Office Department. 1810s 1820s 1823 - Navigable waters designated post roads by US Congress 1825 - Dead letter office 1829 - US Postmaster General joins Cabinet 1830s 1830 - US Office of Instructions and Mail Depredations established, later Office of the Chief Postal Inspector 1838 - Railroads designated post routes by U Congress 1840s 1840 - Penny Black, first.
Voblast - administrative subdivision in Belarus. It used to be translated as "province" or "region" in English. The latter may lead to some confusion, because the minor administrative division of Belarus is called rayon (the word is translated as "district" in the administrative division sense and "region" in other senses). Belarus is subdivided into 6 voblasts, named after their centers. Brest voblast (Brest) Homyel voblast (Homyel') Hrodna voblast (Hrodna) Mahilyow voblast (Mahilyow) Minsk voblast (Minsk) Vitsebsk voblast (Vitsebsk) Voblasts are further subdivided into rayons (districts). History The current subdivision into voblasts is inherited from the subdivision of Belarus when it was part of the USSR, and the name is the Belarusian word for the Russian oblast..
Ukraine - country in eastern Europe which borders the Black Sea to the south, the Russian Federation to the east, Belarus to the north and Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania and Moldova to the west. Україна Ukrayina (In Detail) National motto: "Volia, Zlahoda, Dobro" (Ukrainian: Freedom, Accord, Goodness) Official language Ukrainian Capital Kyiv President Leonid Kuchma Prime minister Viktor Yanukovych Area - Total - % water Ranked 43rd 603,700 km2 Negligible Population - Total (2002) - Density Ranked 24th 48,396,470 80/km² Independence - Date From the Soviet Union August 24, 1991 Currency Hryvnia Time zone UTC +2 National anthem Sche ne vmerla Ukraina Internet TLD .UA Calling Code 380 Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 History 2 Politics 3 Regions 4 Geography 5 Economy 6 Demographics 7 Culture 8 Miscellaneous topics 9.
Ukrainians - inhabited the vast area extending from north of Black Sea to the borders of Russia, Poland, Moldova, Belarus and Slovakia. Ukraine had a very turbulent history, a fact justified by its geographical position. It was there the first Scandinavian settlers founded the Kingdom of Kiev, after accepting the Christian Faith. Ukrainian language, although classified among Eastern Slavic languages, presents many traits in common with Western Slavic languages, such as Polish and Slovak. During the Soviet era, it was almost totally replaced, especially in urban centers, by Russian language, the official language of the Soviet State. Great efforts are made nowadays to use the Ukrainian language throughout the country, something which seems very difficult for the time being. From an anthropological point of view, Ukrainians are a mixture of the Alpic, Dinaric,.
Goths - 20th century youth subculture see Goth. Our only source for early Gothic history is Jordanes Getica - and this early information should be treated with the highest degree of caution. The Goths were eastern Germanic tribes, who lived between the Baltic Sea and the Black Sea. They ultimately settled in the region of modern Ukraine and Belarus, apparently, but not for certain, arriving from the Baltic region. A united tribe until the third century, it was during that period that they split into the eastern Goths or Ostrogoths and the western Goths or Visigoths. A force of Goths launched one of the first major "barbarian" invasions of the Roman Empire in 267. A year later, they suffered a devastating defeat at the Battle of Naissus and were driven back across the.
Grand Duchy of Lithuania - and Samogitia is the name of the principality that at times covered the territory of present day Lithuania, Poland and Belarus. Later in it's existence it was, for nearly two centuries, part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, with separate laws, an army and treasury. This changed only with the three Partitions of Poland, (1772, 1793 and 1795), which saw the Grand Duchy divided between Russia and Prussia. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 History 2 Military 3 Religion 4 Legacy 5 Sources History The Grand Duchy of Lithuania began its rise to great power status under the reign of Mindaugas beginning in 1238. The duchy expanded both south and west, annexing large quantities of former Rus lands in both directions. Expansion reached its height under Gediminas who created a strong central government and.
Early Russian East Slavs - Russian East Slavs This article is part of the History of Russia series. Early Russian East Slavs Kievan Rus' Khazaria Muscovy Mongol invasion of Russia Imperial Russia Russian Revolution Russian Civil War History of the Soviet Union: Part I History of the Soviet Union: Part II Collapse of the Soviet Union Commonwealth of Independent States History of post-communist Russia List of famous Russians The East Slavs are the ethnic group that evolved into the Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian peoples. Each of the many nationalities of Russia has a separate history and complex origins. The historical origins of the Russian state, however, are chiefly those of the East Slavs. The Inhabitants of the East European Plain Many ethnically diverse peoples migrated onto the East European Plain, but the East Slavs remained and.
Economy of Russia - therapy, led to interest rates of 20, 30, 40, 250 percent. Then, the focus on macro-stabilization, which wiped out the savings of most Russians, left non-insiders largely incapable of buying the enterprises. More over, privatized enterprises would be difficult to revitalize, given the high interest rates and lack of financial institutions to provide capital. In this sense, he argues that privatization accompanied by the opening of the capital markets, led not to wealth creation but to asset stripping. Stiglitz contends that insider privatization, under these conditions, provided incentives for asset-stripping and not growth, leading to movements $2 billion to $3 billion of capital per month. According to Stiglitz, "Anyone smart enough to be a winner in the privatization sweepstakes would be smart enough to put their money in the booming US.
Detroit, Michigan - modern American automobile industry, the Big Three: Ford Motor Company, General Motors, Chrysler as well as two national pizza chains. Detroit is also known for its musical heritage as it was the birthplace of Motown and has been highly influential in the origins of punk and techno music. Detroit has several sister cities including Toyota, Japan; Minsk, Belarus; Chongqing, People's Republic of China; Nassau, Bahamas and Kitwe, Zambia. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 History 2 Geography 3 Culture 3.1 Folklore 4 Neighborhoods 5 Demographics 6 Major industries/products 7 Taxes 8 Law and Government 9 Colleges and Universities 10 Sporting Teams 11 Airports 12 Festivals 13 External Links History 1701 - Antoine de Lamothe Cadillac, with his lieutenant Alphonse de Tonty and a company of 100 men, established a trading post on.
Date of independence of European countries - 1918 Iceland S: Denmark 1918 Poland S: Austria-Hungary, Germany, Russia 1920 Republic of Ireland S: United Kingdom 1949 Federal Republic of Germany S: Occupied Nazi Germany (reunified with East Germany through annexation in 1990) 1990 Bosnia-Hercegovina S: Yugoslavia 1990 Croatia S: Yugoslavia 1991 Estonia S: Soviet Union 1990 Latvia S: Soviet Union 1990 Lithuania S: Soviet Union 1990 FYR Macedonia S: Yugoslavia 1990 Slovenia S: Yugoslavia 1991 Belarus D: Soviet Union 1991 Moldova D: Soviet Union 1991 Ukraine D: Soviet Union 1991 Russia D: Soviet Union 1993 Czech Republic D: Czechoslovakia 1993 Slovakia D: Czechoslovakia Explanations A country can come into existence either by splitting off from one existing country (marked by S in the table), or through the merging of several existing countries (M). A special case of a split-off.
1968 - the "Prague Spring" of political liberalization. August 22-August 30 - Police clash with antiwar protesters in Chicago outside the 1968 Democratic National Convention September 6 - Swaziland becomes independent. October 8 - Vietnam War: Operation Sealords - United States and South Vietnamese forces launched a new operation in the Mekong Delta. October 11 - Apollo program: NASA launches Apollo 7, the first manned Apollo mission, with astronauts Wally Schirra, Don Fulton Eisele and R. Walter Cunningham aboard. Goals for the mission include the first live television broadcast from orbit and testing the lunar module docking maneuver. October 14 - Vietnam War: The United States Department of Defense announces that the United States Army and United States Marines will be sending about 24,000 troops back to Vietnam for involuntary second tours. October.
1921 - - Spanish Premier Eduardo Dato is assassinated while exiting the parliament building in Madrid. March 13 - Mongolia declares its independence from China March 18 - The second Peace of Riga between Poland and Soviet Union ending Polish-Soviet war. Despite the recent Polish successed, Soviets annex Ukraine and Belarus. April 11 - The Emirate of Transjordan is created. May 19 - The Emergency Quota Act passes the United States Congress establishing national quotas on immigrantion. July 18 - The first BCG vaccination against tuberculosis July 27 - Researchers at the University of Toronto led by biochemist Frederick Banting announce the discovery of the hormone insulin. August - The United States formally ends World War I, declaring a peace with Germany September 7 - In Atlantic City, New Jersey, the first Miss.
