History of Spain - History of Spain This is the history of Spain. See also the history of Europe and history of present-day nations and states. It is traditional (only since 19th century) to start the history of modern Spain with the Visigoth kingdom. Although it is debatable whether there is continuity between it and the Kingdom of Castilla and Aragon after the 15th century, a discussion of modern Spain would be incomplete without a mention of the Visigoth Kingdom. Accordingly, Both it and Al Andalus have their own sections in this article, but should have full-blown articles of their own. The history of Spain just before the Visigoths belongs in the Roman Empire article. Before the Roman Empire, the Iberian Peninsula was never politically unified, see Preroman Iberia for.
Kings of Spain family tree - Kings of Spain family tree This is a collection of family trees of the kingdom of Spain. Since Spain, as a united country dates from the 15th century only, the former kingdoms of Aragon, Castile, Leon and Asturias are included. Navarre (see Kings of Navarre family tree) was also an independent kingdom. See also: Spain - History of Spain - List of Spanish monarchs Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Kingdom of Aragon 2 Kingdom of Castile 3 Kingdom of Leon 4 Kingdom of Asturias 5 Kingdom of Spain (united) Kingdom of Aragon Kingdom of Castile Kingdom of Leon Kingdom of Asturias Kingdom of Spain (united).
Jewish history - Jewish history Ancient Israelites For the first two periods the history of the Jews is mainly that of Palestine. It begins among those peoples which occupied the area lying between the Nile river on the one side and the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers on the other. Surrounded by ancient seats of culture in Egypt and Babylonia, by the deserts of Arabia, and by the highlands of Asia Minor, the land of Canaan (later Judea, then Palestine, then Israel) was a meeting place of civilizations. The land was traversed by old-established trade routes and possessed important harbors on the Gulf of Akaba and on the Mediterranean coast, the latter exposing it to the influence of other cultures of the Fertile Crescent. Traditionally Jews around the world claim.
Juan Carlos of Spain - Juan Carlos of Spain King Juan Carlos, depicted on the Spanish €2 coin King Juan Carlos, Juan Carlos de Borbón y Borbón (born January 5, 1938) is the reigning King of Spain. He became Spanish monarch in 1975. His grandfather Alfonso XIII was King of Spain until deposed in 1931 by the Second Spanish Republic. The Republic was infamously ended by the Spanish Civil War and followed by the dictatorship of Francisco Franco, who ruled until his death on November 20th 1975. On November 22th, Juan Carlos became the King of Spain. He was born in exile in Rome. As a child, he was known as Juanito ("Johnny"). He left his parents and moved to Spain to follow an education under Franco's watch. This was imposed by Franco.
History of Chile - History of Chile Bernardo O'Higgins Early history Chilean territory was one of last to be populated in the Americas. In prehispanic Chile lived over a dozen different peoples. Despite such diversity, it is possible to classify them into three major cultural groups: The northern peoples, who developed rich handicrafts and were influenced by preincan cultures; the Mapuche culture, that inhabited between the river Choapa and the island of Chiloé, and lived primarily of agriculture and recolection; and the Patagonian culture, composed by nomad populations, who supported themselves through fishing and hunting. As the Incan Empire expanded, it only could integrate the northern Chile. As incans arrived to Central Chile, they established some colonies, but they were succesfully stopped by Mapuche warriors at Lircay river. The first.
History of Costa Rica - History of Costa Rica History of Costa Rica In Pre-Columbian times the Native Americans in what is now Costa Rica were part of the Mesoamerica cultural area. Pre-Columbian Ceramics from Nicoya, Costa Rica The native peoples were conquered by Spain in the 16th century. Costa Rica was then the southern-most province in the Spanish territory of New Spain. The provincial capital was in Cartago. After a brief time in the Mexican Empire of Augustin de Iturbide (see: History of Mexico) Costa Rica became a state in the United States of Central America (see: History of Central America) from 1823 to 1839. In 1824 the capital was moved to San José. From the 1840s on Costa Rica was an independent nation. Costa Rica is a Central American.
History of Cuba - History of Cuba History of Cuba Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Pre-Columbian Cuba 2 Conquest of Cuba 3 Spanish Colonial Cuba 4 Cuba's Struggle for Independence 4.1 The Platt Amendment 5 Cuba in the Early 20th Century 6 The Castro Revolution 7 Communist Cuba 7.2 Bay of Pigs Invasion 7.3 The Cuban Missile Crisis 7.4 Cuba after the Soviet Union Pre-Columbian Cuba Before 1492, Cuba was populated by two very distinct aborigine groups: Taíno and Siboney or Ciboney. Both were Stone Age cultures, the Taíno being slightly more advanced, although their development was limited to rudimentary agriculture and construction of wooden structures. Taínos were arguably the inventors of smoking, since at the arrival of the first Europeans, they already cultivated and consumed tobacco, in the form.
History of Colombia - History of Colombia During the pre-Colombian period, the area now known as Colombia was inhabited by many different indigenous peoples with various kinds of organization and levels of civilization. These include primitive hunters or nomadic farmers but also for example the Sinú, who lived in the northern hot and humid lowlands and had developed a very efficient system for enhancing the fertility of their soils. Other precolombian populations include Nariño, Tierradientro, San Augustín, Quimbaya... The Chibchas, lived in the Bogota region, but there was nothing like a dominating people among them. The Spanish sailed along the north coast of today's Colombia as early as 1500, but their first permanent settlement, at Santa Marta, was not made until 1525. In 1549, the establishment of the Audiencia in.
History of Dominica - History of Dominica The island of Dominica's indigenous Arawak people were expelled or exterminated by Caribs in the 14th century. Christopher Columbus landed there in November 1493. Spanish ships frequently landed on Dominica during the 16th century, but fierce resistance by the Caribs discouraged Spain's efforts at settlement. In 1635, France claimed Dominica. Shortly thereafter, French missionaries became the first European inhabitants of the island. Carib incursions continued, though, and in 1660, the French and British agreed that both Dominica and St. Vincent should be abandoned. Dominica was officially neutral for the next century, but the attraction of its resources remained; rival expeditions of British and French foresters were harvesting timber by the start of the 18th century. Largely due to Dominica's position between Martinique and.
History of the Dominican Republic - History of the Dominican Republic The island of Hispaniola, of which the Dominican Republic forms the eastern two-thirds and Haití the remainder, was originally occupied by Taínoss, an Arawak-speaking people. The Taínos welcomed Christopher Columbus in his first voyage in 1492, but subsequent colonizers were brutal, reducing the Taíno population from about 1 million to about 500 in 50 years. To ensure adequate labor for plantations, the Spanish brought African slaves to the island beginning in 1503. In the next century, French settlers occupied the western end of the island, which Spain ceded to France in 1697, and which, in 1804, became the Republic of Haití. The Haitians conquered the whole island in 1822 and held it until February 27, 1844, after forces led by Juan.
History of Ecuador - History of Ecuador Advanced indigenous cultures flourished in Ecuador long before the area was conquered by the Inca empire in the 15th century. In 1534, the Spanish arrived and defeated the Inca armies, and Spanish colonists became the new elite. The indigenous population was decimated by disease in the first decades of Spanish rule--a time when the natives also were forced into the "encomienda" labor system for Spanish landlords. In 1563, Quito became the seat of a royal "audiencia" (administrative district) of Spain. After independence forces defeated the royalist army in 1822, Ecuador joined Simon Bolivar's Republic of Gran Colombia, only to become a separate republic on May 13, 1830. The 19th century was marked by instability, with a rapid succession of rulers. The conservative Gabriel.
History of Equatorial Guinea - History of Equatorial Guinea The first inhabitants of the region that is now Equatorial Guinea are believed to have been Pygmies, of whom only isolated pockets remain in northern Rio Muni. Bantu migrations between the 17th and 19th centuries brought the coastal tribes and later the Fang. Elements of the latter may have generated the Bubi, who emigrated to Bioko from Cameroon and Rio Muni in several waves and succeeded former neolithic populations. The Annobon population, native to Angola, was introduced by the Portuguese via Sao Tome. The Portuguese explorer, Fernando Po (Fernao do Poo), seeking a route to India, is credited with having discovered the island of Bioko in 1471. He called it Formosa ("pretty flower"), but it quickly took on the name of its.
History of the Falkland Islands - History of the Falkland Islands Background: The Falkland Islands were first seen by Davis in 1592, and Sir Richard Hawkins sailed along their north shore in 1594. In 1598, Sebald de Weert, a Dutchman, visted them and called them the Sebald Islands, a name which they bore on some Dutch maps into the 19th century. Captain John Strong sailed between the two principal islands in 1690, and called the passage Falkland Sound, and from this the island group afterwards took its English name. In 1763 the islands were taken possession of by the French, who established a colony at Port Louis on Berkely Sound; they were however expelled by the Spaniards in 1767 or 1768. In 1761, Commander Byron took possession on the part of Britain.
History of Gibraltar - History of Gibraltar The name Gibraltar comes from the Arabic Jabal al Tariq, which means "Tariq's mountain" (for Tariq ibn-Ziyad). Earlier it was Calpe, one of the Columns of Hercules. The territory was ceded to Great Britain by Spain in the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht as part of the settlement of the War of the Spanish Succession. In that treaty, Spain ceded Great Britain "the full and entire propriety of the town and castle of Gibraltar, together with the port, fortifications, and forts thereunto belonging ... for ever, without any exception or impediment whatsoever." Nonetheless, the treaty stipulates that no overland trade between Gibraltar and Spain is to take place, except for emergency provisions in the case that Gibraltar is unable to be resupplied by sea..
History of Guam - History of Guam On March 6, 1521 Ferdinand Magellan was the first European to discover Guam. As a result of the Spanish-American War, Guam was ceded to the US by Spain in 1898. Guam was captured by the Japanese in 1941, and retaken by the US three years later. During World War II the Battle of Guam started on July 21, 1944 with an American troop landing and ended on August 10 in an Allied victory. The military installations on the island are some of the most strategically important US bases in the Pacific; when Navy and Air Force bases in the Philippines were closed after the eruption of Mount Pinatubo, most of the forces stationed there were relocated to Guam. See also : Guam.
History of Guatemala - History of Guatemala Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Pre-Columbian Guatemala 2 The Era of Spanish Rule 3 The 19th Century 4 The Early 20th Century 5 The "Ten Years of Spring" 6 The late 20th Century 6.1 1986 to 2000 7 The 21st Century Pre-Columbian Guatemala The Maya civilization flourished throughout much of Guatemala and the surrounding region for close to 2000 years before the Spanish arrived. Most of the Great Classic Maya cities of the Petén region of Guatemala's northern lowlands were abandoned by the year 1000 AD. The states of the central highlands, however, were still flourishing until the arrival of the Spanish Conquistador Pedro de Alvarado who brutally subjegated the native states in 1523-1527. Native peoples of the Guatemala highlands, such as the.
History of Europe - History of Europe For links to the history of individual countries in Europe see the end of this article. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 The origins 2 The Greeks 3 Rome 4 Early Middle Ages 5 Later Middle Ages 6 Renaissance and Reformation 7 Colonial expansion 8 The 16th, 17th and 18th century 9 The French Revolution and Napoleon 10 The 19th century 11 Early 20th century: the World Wars 12 Late 20th century: the Cold War 13 Early 21st century: the European Union 14 Histories of present-day territories The origins Neanderthals settled Europe long before the emergence of modern humans, Homo sapiens. The earliest appearance of modern people in Europe has been dated to 35,000 B.C. Evidence of permanent settlement dates from 7,000 B.C The.
History of Germany - History of Germany This article is the top of the History of Germany series. Franks Holy Roman Empire German Confederation German Empire Weimar Republic Nazi Germany Germany since 1945 The history of Germany is, in places, extremely complicated and depends much on how one defines "Germany". As a nation state, Germany did not exist until 1871. Before, Germany can only be looked at as a cultural region where many territories, with greatly varying independence, each had their own historical events and it was not entirely clear what area was part of Germany in the first place. This article briefly outlines each period of German history only; details are presented in separate articles (see the links in the box and below). Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Struggle.
History of the Netherlands - History of the Netherlands Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Prehistory 2 Roman Era 3 Holy Roman Empire 4 Struggle for Independence and the Golden Age 5 French rule 6 Monarchy 7 20th century 7.1 World War I 7.2 World War II 7.3 After World War II Prehistory The Netherlands have been inhabited since the last Ice Age. The most famous remnants from the early age in the Netherlands are the hunebedden (Dutch for dolmens), large stone grave monuments from the neolithic, which can be found in Drenthe. Roman Era In the first century BC, the Romans came to the Netherlands. For the majority of the Roman occupation, the boundary of the Roman Empire lay along the Rhine. Romans built the first cities in the Netherlands, most.
History of Islam - History of Islam Before the time of Muhammad, Arabia was inhabited by Bedouin. The city of Makkah was a religious and commercial center. The History of Islam begins in Arabia in the 7th century. At that time the Arabs followed various polytheistic religions; a few of them followed Judaism, Christianity (including the followers of Nestorius) and Zoroastrianism. Muhammad was born in the year 571 (Common Era, or CE). His father died before his birth, and his mother died at a very early age, so he was raised by his uncle Abu Talib. When he was about 25 years old, Muhammad married a wealthy widow, Khadija, who was 40, and began his career as a trader. Fifteen years later, according to Islamic tradition, he experienced his initial.
