History of painting - History of painting Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Prehistoric painting 2 Medieval painting 3 The Rennaissance 4 Baroque 5 18th Century 6 19th Century 7 20th Century 8 See also: Prehistoric painting cave painting Medieval painting The Rennaissance Renaissance Classicism Italian rennaissance painting Northern European Rennaissance painting High Rennaissance painting Mannerism Baroque Early Baroque High Baroque 18th Century Rococo Neoclassicism 19th Century Romanticism Academic art Realism Naturalism Impressionism Symbolism Post-Impressionism Neo-Impressionism Art Nouveau 20th Century Les Fauves (Fauvism) Cubism Orphism Dadaism Surrealism Paradoxism Corealism Rayonnism Neo-plasticism Expressionism Abstract art Abstract Expressionism Art Deco Futurism Op art Pop art Minimalism Art Brut / Folk Art / Naive Art / Outsider Art Suprematism Neosurrealism Tachism Constructivism Russian avantgarde De Stijl Neue Sachlichkeit American realism Socialist realism Action painting.
History painting - History painting Mid-nineteenth-century style known as historicism, which marked a formal imitation of historical styles and/or artists..
Islamic art history - Islamic art history This is article is part of the Art history series. Pre-historic art Arts of the ancient world European art history Islamic art history Arts of the Far East Contemporary art From Foundation to the Umayyad Mediums of Islamic art Much of Islamic art throughout history has been decorative, abstract, or geometric, as opposed to the strong tradition of portrayal of humans in Christian art. The lack of portraiture in Islamic art is due to fact that early Islam forbade the painting of human beings, including the Prophet, since to do so tempts followers of the Prophet to idolatry. In recent times, especially with increased contact with Western civilization in the past two centuries, this prohibition has relaxed to the point where only the most orthodox.
History of Belgium - History of Belgium This is the history of Belgium. See also the history of Europe, history of the European Union, and history of present-day nations and states. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Before the independence 2 The independence 3 The Congolese colony 4 20th century Belgium 5 Reference Before the independence Belgium derives its name from a Celtic tribe, the Belgae, whom Julius Caesar described as the most courageous tribe of Gaul. However, the Belgae were forced to yield to Roman legions during the 1st century BC. For some 300 years thereafter, what is now Belgium flourished as a province of Rome. But Rome's power gradually lessened. In about A.D. 300 the Germanic tribe of the Franks penetrated into northern Belgium. About 100 years later, they.
History of Denmark - History of Denmark Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Ancient Denmark 2 Vikings 3 Christianity and the Establishment of Denmark 3.1 Difficulties for the Kings 3.2 Margaret and the Kalmar Union 4 Reformation 5 Early Modern Politics 6 Absolutism 7 Napoleonic Wars 8 Nationalism and Liberalism 9 Early 20th century 10 Post-War Ancient Denmark See also: Neolithic and Bronze Age People lived in what is today Denmark more than 100,000 years ago, but they were likely forced to leave for a time because of the ice cap that covered the land for some of the intervening time during the ice age. It is thought that people have lived continually in Denmark since around 12,000 BC. Agriculture made inroads around 3,000 BC, dramatically changing life in the area..
History painter - History painter A history painter is not only a painter of historical motifs but depicts, in a "grand" style, man in general, and particularly the great events of Greek and Roman fable and history, the capital subjects of scripture history, a scene from a great literary work, or a famous event in the life of a baroque potentate. The subject commonly ought to be either some eminent instance of heroic action or heroic suffering, with characters painted in classical poses. In academic theory, history painting is the noblest form of art. External Links History Painting.
History of the United States (1776-1865) - History of the United States (1776-1865) This article is part of the History of the United States series. Colonial America History of the United States (1776-1865) The coming of the Civil War The Civil War History of the United States (1865-1918) History of the United States (1918-1945) History of the United States (1945-1964) History of the United States (1964-1980) History of the United States (1980-present) Demographic history of the United States Military history of the United States Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Independence 2 The Articles of Confederation 3 The struggle for constitution 4 Washington's presidency 5 Adams and Jefferson 6 Madison administration 6.1 War of 1812 6.2 Dolley Madison 7 Monroe administration 8 Formation of the Democratic Party 9 Westward expansion 10 The coming of.
Early Renaissance painting - Early Renaissance painting Early Renaissance painting bridges the period of art history between the art of the Middle Ages and the art of the Renaissance in Europe. Two regions of Europe were particularly artistically active during this period: northern Europe (essentially Flanders) and Italy. The Renaissance is considered to have reached northern Europe in the 16th century. Thus, most of the Early Renaissance works in northern Europe were produced between 1420 and 1550. Portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and wife Jan van Eyck - Painted 1434 Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Themes and symbolism 2 Techniques 3 Flemish artists 4 German artists 5 Italian artists 6 Works 7 Main viewing locations Themes and symbolism The works of art of this period feature mainly religious themes (the Church was the.
European art history - European art history This is article is part of the Art history series. Pre-historic art Arts of the ancient world European art history Islamic art history Arts of the Far East Contemporary art Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Medieval Art 2 The Renaissance 3 Mannerism, Baroque, and Rococo 4 Neoclassicism, Romanticism, Academism, and Realism 5 Modern Art Medieval Art Art during Medieval times was almost exclusively concerned with Christianity. During this period, since the vast majority of the peasantry was illiterate, art was the main method of communicating religious ideas besides sermons. The Church was one of the few institutions wealthy enough at the time to commission artists, and thus most art was religious in nature. Since the fall of the Roman Empire, many of the artistic techniques.
Art history - Art history This is the article at the top of the Art history series. Pre-historic art Arts of the ancient world European art history Islamic art Arts of the Far East Contemporary art Art history usually refers to the history of the visual arts. Although ideas about the definition of art have changed over the years, the field of art history attempts to categorize changes in art throughout time and better understand how art shapes and is shaped by the outlooks and creative impulses of its practitioners. Although many think of Art history as purely the study of European art history, the subject encompasses all art, from the megaliths of Western Europe to the paintings of the Tang dynasty in China. Subdivisions in the art history section.
Chinese painting - Chinese painting Chinese painting is a form of Chinese art. In imperial times, painting and calligraphy were the most highly appreciated arts in court circles and were produced almost exclusively by amateurs--aristocrats and scholar-officials--who alone had the leisure to perfect the technique and sensibility necessary for great brushwork. Calligraphy was thought to be the highest and purest form of painting. The implements were the brush pen, made of animal hair, and black inks made from pine soot and animal glue. In ancient times, writing, as well as painting, was done on silk. But after the invention of paper in the 1st century A.D., silk was gradually replaced by the new and cheaper material. Original writings by famous calligraphers have been greatly valued throughout China's history and are.
Watercolor painting - Watercolor painting Watercolor is a painting technique using water-soluble pigments, that are either transparent or opaque, mixed with the addition of gum to bond the pigment to the paper. While the grounds for watercolor painting are varied, the most common is paper. Others, less used, include plastics, leather, fabric, wood, and canvas. History of Watercolor Watercolor technique started evolving with the invention of paper by the Chinese shortly after 100 AD. Papermaking was introduced to Spain by the conquering Moors in the 12th century and spread to Italy decades later. Some of the earliest paper manufactures include Fabriano, Italy, opened in 1276 and Arches, France, opened in 1492. The forerunner of watercolor painting was buon fresco painting: wall-painting using watercolor paints on wet plaster. The most famous.
Painting - Painting Painting is the practice of applying pigment suspended in a carrier (or medium) and a binding agent (a glue) to a surface (support) such as paper, canvas or a wall. This is done by a painter; this term is used especially if this is his or her profession. Humans have been painting for about 6 times as long as they have been using written language. One possible process for decorative painting of the walls of a room is found in Work breakdown structure. The word painting is used in the rest of this article with its fine art meaning. More specifically this article is about the painting of a surface for artistic reasons, considered by many to be among the most important of the art.
Pliny's Natural History - Pliny's Natural History Pliny the Elder's Natural History is an encyclopedia written by Pliny the Elder. In its present form the natural History consists of thirty-seven books, the first book including a characteristic preface and tables of contents, as well as lists of authorities, which were originally prefixed to each of the books separately. The contents of the remaining books are as follows: II, mathematical and physical description of the world; III - VI, geography and ethnography; VII, anthropology and human physiology; VIII - XI, zoology; XII - XXVII, botany, including agriculture, horticulture and pharmacology; XXVIII - XXXII, medical zoology; XXXIII - XXXVII, mineralogy, especially in its application to life and art, including chasing in silver (xxxiii.154-751), statuary in bronze (xxxiv), painting (xxxv.15-941), modelling (151-851), and sculpture in.
Kano Eitoku - painter and founder of the Kano school of Japanese-style painting during the Azuchi-Momoyama period of Japanese history. Known for his elegant and unique style, many of his existing paintings are national treasures. Born in Kyoto, Eitoku's grandfather Kano Motonobu was an official painter for the Ashikaga Shogunate. Under his grandfather's guidance, he started to paint at an early age developing upon his grandfather's style which had influence from Chinese-style painting. During his lifetime, Eitoku's patrons included Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi. His standing screen, sliding door, wall, and ceiling paintings decorated Nobunaga's Azuchi castle and Hideyoshi's residence in Kyoto and Osaka castle. Unfortunately, most of his works were ruined or destroyed in the turmoil of the Sengoku period, however those that do still exist provide testimony to his talent, power and.
Keble College, Oxford - the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 History 2 Famous Former Students 3 Teachers/Academics 4 External Link History The best-known of Keble's Victorian founders was Edward Pusey, after whom parts of the college are named. The college itself is named after John Keble, one of Pusey's colleagues in the Oxford Movement, who died four years before its foundation in 1870. William Butterfield was appointed architect, and produced a masterpiece of Victorian Gothic, now sadly outmoded. Keble houses the original of Holman Hunt's painting, The Light of the World (the one in St. Paul's Cathedral, London, is a copy). Famous Former Students Imran Khan Chad Varah Timmy Mallett John Prescott Teachers/Academics External Link Official website.
Kitsch - of art which is defficient for similar reasons--whether it tries to appear "sentimental", "cool", "glamorous", "theatrical", or "creative", kitsch is said to be a gesture imitative of the superficial appearances of art. It's often said that kitsch relies on merely repeating convention and formula, lacking the sense of truth and beauty displayed in real art. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 History 1.1 Avant-Garde and Kitsch 1.2 Academic Art 1.3 Postmodernism 2 Examples 3 Quotations 4 References 5 External Links 6 See also History Though its precise etymology is uncertain, the term 'kitsch' is widely held to have originated in the Munich art markets of the 1860s and 70s, used to describe cheap, hotly marketable pictures or 'sketches' (the English term mispronounced by Germans, or elided with the German verb verkitschen, to.
Knights Templar - their historical headquarters in the Mosque of Omar (a.k.a. "Dome of the Rock") on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem. This they renamed Templum Domini. Represented on one of their seals, the structure was believed to be a remnant of the Temple of Jerusalem, and was the model for many Templar churches in Europe, for example the Temple church, London. See also Raphael's painting The Marriage of the Virgin on show in the Brera Gallery, Milan. The Templars were organized as a monastic order, following a rule created for them by Bernard of Clairvaux, the founder of the Cistercian Order. The Templars were well-connected and quickly became prime movers in the international politics of the Crusades period. In time, they were endowed with several extraordinary Papal bulls (see Omne Datum Optimum) that.
Know-Nothing movement - right, the concerns about the Pope largely exacerbated already-present anti-immigrant and anti-Catholic feelings held by many Americans. The newcomers differed culturally from most Americans, so their influx was seen as a threat to maintaining American culture. The immigrants brought with them their strong accents, Irish traditions and culture, and Roman Catholicism, and didn't seem likely to become "Americanized" anytime soon. A vocal minority of American Puritans also protested against the immigrants' alcohol consumption. While alcohol consumption already quite popular among the general public in the United States (even George Washington had run a distillery), the Puritan elements managed to promulgate a caricature of the Irish as drunkards, and thus gained some support for their anti-alcohol crusade by painting drinking as foreign and un-American. The Political Movement History The growing anti-immigrant sentiment.
Konrad Zuse - telephone relays. The same year, he started a company, Zuse Apparatebau, to manufacture his programmable machines. Satisfied with the function of the basic Z2 machine, he built the Z3 in 1941. It was a binary calculator featuring limited programmability, with memory and a calculation unit based on telephone relays. Calculations could be specified in advance. Conditional jumps and loops were not available as convenient instructions, but the Z3 was a Turing-complete computer (ignoring the fact that no physical computer can be truly Turing complete due to limited storage size). However, its Turing-completeness was never envisioned by Zuse and only proven in 1998. (See History of computing hardware) Zuse's company was destroyed in 1945 by an Allied attack, together with the Z3. The partially finished, relay-based Z4 had been brought to a.
