INTERCAL programming language - INTERCAL programming language INTERCAL is a programming language parody. It is said by the authors to stand for "Compiler Language With No Pronounceable Acronym". INTERCAL was perpetrated by Don Woods and James Lyons, two Princeton University students, in 1972 and is purposely different from all other computer languages in all ways but one; it is purely a written language, being totally unspeakable. An excerpt from the INTERCAL Reference Manual will make the style of the language clear: It is a well-known and oft-demonstrated fact that a person whose work is incomprehensible is held in high esteem. For example, if one were to state that the simplest way to store a value of 65536 in a 32-bit INTERCAL variable is: DO :1 <- #0$#256 any sensible programmer.
Kvikkalkul programming language - Kvikkalkul programming language Kvikkalkul is a computer programming language ostensibly developed by the Swedish Navy in the 1950s and used on the SABINA computer. It came to fame in 1994 when someone made an anonymous post to usenet regarding it. Probably not a real language, but a joke; like INTERCAL in that respect..
Esoteric programming language - Esoteric programming language Esoteric programming languages are programming languages which are designed as a proof of concept, or as jokes, and not with the intention of being adopted for real-world programming. Consequently, usability is rarely a high priority for such languages. The usual aim is to remove or replace conventional language features while still maintaining a language that is Turing-complete. The earliest esoteric language was Intercal, designed in 1972 with the stated aim of being as fundamentally unlike any existing language as possible. Other noteworthy esoteric languages are (for a more complete list, see List of esoteric programming languages): Brainfuck, a Turing tarpit consisting of only eight instructions Unlambda, an even more minimal language based on the functional programming paradigm Befunge, in which programs are arranged on.
Categorical list of programming languages - Categorical list of programming languages This is a list of programming language grouped by category. See also Alphabetical list of programming languages Chronological list of programming languages Generational list of programming languages Assembly languages directly correspond to a machine language (see below) in order to allow machine code instructions to be written in a form understandable by humans. Assembly languages allow programmers to use symbolic addresses which are later converted to absolute addresses by the assembler. Most assemblers also allow for macros and symbolic constants as well. SSK (Sistema Simvolicheskogo Kodirovaniya, or "System of symbolic coding") for Minsk family of computers. AKI (AvtoKod Ingenera, i.e., "engineer's autocode") for Minsk family of computers was half-step away from assembly languages and doesn't really fit into any other categories in this.
List of programming languages - List of programming languages A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 0 to 9 2.PAK A A+ A++ ABAP ABC programming language ABLE ABSET ABSYS Accent Acceptance, Test Or Launch Language ACS Ada ADL Alan Aleph Algol AmigaE APL AppleScript AREXX ARS++ AspectJ Assembly Atlas Autocode Autocoder AutoLISP AWK B B BASIC BCPL Befunge BETA Bigwig Bistro programming language BLISS Blue Bourne shell (sh) Bourne-Again shell (bash) Brainfuck BUGSYS BuildProfessional C C C++ C# Caché Basic Caché ObjectScript Caml Ceicil Cg CHILL Clarion Clipper Clos CLU CMS-2 Cold Fusion COBOL CobolScript Cocoa programming language COMAL Concurrent Clean CORAL66 Common Lisp CPL Curl D D dBASE II Delphi Dibol.
List of esoteric programming languages - List of esoteric programming languages The following is a list of esoteric programming languages and lesser-known programming languages: 23 4DL, a Befunge descendant ACS, a scripting language used in Hexen and modern Doom ports ADL, the Adventure Definition Language ADVSYS AKI (AvtoKod Ingenera, "engineer's autocode") for Minsk family of computers Ale ALPACA, a meta-language for programming arbitrary cellular automata ARCAL, a language for cellular automata Aura, a Brainfuck descendant B B5 BAK BANCStar BCPL BDAMD Beatnik Befunge beta-Juliet BFM, a Brainfuck variant with macros Blank Bloop Bon programming language Boo-yah Borg Brainfuck, designed to have the smallest compiler ever Bub, a Brainfuck variant Bubble Bullfrog C- Chef Choon COBOLscript Color Forth COMAL Condit COW CUPL Dis, a variant of Malbolge Doublefuck, an extended version of Brainfuck ETA FALSE.
Don Woods - while both were attending Princeton in 1972 to produce the unprecedented, excursive INTERCAL programming language. Later, he worked at the Stanford AI lab (SAIL), where among other things he became the SAIL contact for, and a contributor to, the Jargon File. Woods is probably best known, however, for his role in the development of the Colossal Cave Adventure game, which he found by accident on a SAIL computer in 1976. After contacting the original author by the (nowadays nostalgic) means of sending an e-mail to crowther@sitename, where sitename was every host currently on the Internet. He heard back from William Crowther shortly afterward. Given the go-ahead, Woods proceeded to add enhancements to the Adventure game, and then distributed it on the Internet. It became very popular, especially with users of the.
Control flow - Control flow In computer science and in programming, statements in psuedo-code or in a program are normally obeyed one after the other in the order in which they are written (sequential flow of control). Most programming languages have control flow statements which allow variations in this sequential order: statements may only be obeyed under certain conditions (choice), statements may be obeyed repeatedly (loops), a group of remote statements may be obeyed (subroutines). The use of subroutines does not normally cause any control flow problems, but see the discussions below on early return, error recovery, and labels as parameters. At the machine/assembly language level, it is usually the case that the only instructions available for handling choice and/or loops are goto and conditional goto (often known as variations of jump and/or.
List of programmers - Cox - a developer of the Linux kernel Brad Cox - Objective-C Ward Cunningham - inventor of the WikiWiki concept Dave Cutler - architect of Windows NT, VMS D L. Peter Deutsch - Ghostscript Edsger Dijkstra - ALGOL, Shortest Path First, 'GOTO considered harmful' E F Jay Fenlason - original hack, GAS G Bill Gates - Altair BASIC, Apple II BASIC, founded Microsoft John Gilmore - GDB James Gosling - Java, Gosling Emacs, NeWS Paul Graham - Yahoo! Store, On Lisp, ANSI Common Lisp Ralph Griswold - co-creator of SNOBOL and creator of Icon programming language. H Cecil Hastings - wrote the classic Approximations for Digital Computers 1950s formulas for sin cos etc. Andy Hertzfeld - co-creator of Macintosh, co-founder of General Magic C. A. R. Hoare - first implementation of.
List of computing topics - please do update the page accordingly. At the end is a list of important computer people. See also List of programmers. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Symbols/Numbers 1.TR.6 -- 100BaseFX -- 100BaseTX -- 100BaseT -- 100BaseVG -- 100VG-AnyLAN -- 10base2 -- 10base5 -- 10baseT -- 120 reset -- 16-bit -- 16-bit application -- 16550 UART -- 1NF -- 1TBS -- 2.PAK -- 20-Gate programming language -- 20-GATE -- 28-bit -- 2B1D -- 2B1Q -- 2D -- 2NF -- 3-tier (computing) -- 32-bit application -- 32-bit -- 320xx microprocessor -- 320xx -- 386BSD -- 386SPART.PAR -- 3Com Corporation -- 3DO -- 3D -- 3GL -- 3NF -- 3Station -- 4.2BSD --.
Kid programming language - Kid programming language Kid is a kernel language for Id. A refinement of P-TAC, used as an intermediate language for Id. Lambda-calculus with first-class let-blocks and I-structures. Reference "A Syntactic Approach to Program Transformations", Z. Ariola et. al., SIGPLAN Notices 26(9):116-129 (Sept 1991). This article was originally based on content from FOLDOC, used with permission. Update as needed..
J programming language - J programming language The J programming language, developed in the early 90's by Ken Iverson and Roger Hui, is a synthesis of APL (also by Iverson) and FP, the functional programming language created by John Backus (of Fortran, Algol, and BNF fame). To avoid the problems faced by the special character set of APL, J requires only the basic ASCII character set, resorting to the use of dot and colon characters to extend the meaning of the basic characters available. J is a very terse and powerful language, and is often found to be useful for math programming, especially when performing operations on matrices. It also offers a flexible namespace scheme ("locales") which can be used as a framework for OOP. Since J has no explicit.
J Sharp programming language - J Sharp programming language The J# (pronounced Jay Sharp) programming language is a transitional language for programmers of Sun’s Java and Microsoft’s J++ languages, so they may use their existing knowledge, and applications on Microsoft’s .NET platform. As with J++, it only supports a limited set of Java’s features..
Java programming language - Java programming language The Java language is an object-oriented programming language created by James Gosling and other engineers at Sun Microsystems. It was developed in 1991, as part of the Green Project, and officially announced on May 23, 1995, at SunWorld; being released in November. Gosling and friends initially designed Java, which was called Oak at first (in honour of a tree outside Gosling's office), to replace C++ (although the feature set better resembles that of Objective C). More on the history of Java can be found in the article about the Java platform, which includes the language, the Java virtual machine, and the Java API. Sun controls the Java specification and holds a trademark on the Java name. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Overview 1.1 Object.
Jess programming language - Jess programming language Jess, an acronym for Java Expert System Shell, is a superset of CLIPS programming language, developed by Ernest Friedman-Hill of Sandia National Labs. It was first written in late 1995. It provides rule-based programming suitable for automating an expert system, and is often referred to as an expert system shell. In recent years, intelligent agent systems have also developed, which depend on a similar capability. Rather than a procedural paradigm, where a single program has a loop that is activated only one time, the declarative paradigm used by Jess matches a rule with a single fact specified as its input and processes that fact as its output. When the program is run, the rules engine will activate one for each matching fact. Jess can.
Visual Basic for Applications programming language - Visual Basic for Applications programming language Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) is an implementation of Microsoft's Visual Basic which is built into all Microsoft Office applications, some other Microsoft applications such as Visio and is at least partially implemented in some other applications such as AutoCAD and WordPerfect. It supersedes and expands on the capabilities of earlier application-specific macro programming languages such as Word's WordBasic, and can be used to control almost all aspects of the host application, including manipulating user interface features such as menus and toolbars and working with custom user forms or dialog boxes. As its name suggests, VBA is closely related to Visual Basic, but can normally only run code from within a host application rather than as a standalone program. It can however be.
JOSS programming language - JOSS programming language JOSS (The JOHNNIAC Open Shop System) was developed by J.C. (Cliff) Shaw at RAND Corporation to allows users to use a computer interactively. JOSS enabled up to twelve people to share the computer simultaneously. This made it one of the first time-sharing systems to become available. JOSS was still available for use during the first half of the 1970s on IBM System/360 systems..
Joy programming language - Joy programming language Stub - please refine. Manfred von Thun of Latrobe University in Melbourne, Australia has produced and is refining a functional programming language called Joy based on composition of functions rather than lambda calculus. It has turned out to have many similarities to Forth, due less to design than to a sort of parallel evolution and convergence. For more comprehensive information, see http://www.latrobe.edu.au/philosophy/phimvt/joy.html and http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?JoyOfJoy.
JOVIAL programming language - JOVIAL programming language JOVIAL is a computer programming language similar to Algol, but specialized for the development of embedded systems. JOVIAL stands for "Jules Own Version of the International Algorithmic Language." It was developed to write software for the electronics of military aircraft. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the U.S. military adopted a standardized CPU, the 1750A, and JOVIAL normally produces programs for that processor. JOVIAL is MIL-STD-1589, and is still widely used to update and maintain software on older, obsolescent military vehicles and aircraft. There are three dialects in common use: J3, J3B-2, and J73. As of 2003, JOVIAL is still actively maintained and distributed by the USAF JOVIAL Integrated Tool Set (ITS) Program Office. The program office helps organizations reuse their old, reliable.
Jython programming language - Jython programming language Jython is a version of Python that's written in Java and that runs in the Java environment. Jython programs can seamlessly import and use any Java class. Except for some standard modules, Jython programs use Java classes instead of Python modules. For example, a user interface in Jython would be written with Swing or AWT, rather than with Tkinter. For more on Jython, go to http://www.jython.org/..
