Victorian Internet - Victorian Internet The Victorian Internet is a term coined in the late 20th century to describe advanced 19th century telecommunications technologies such as the telegraph and pneumatic tubes. The idea embedded in the phrase is that instantaneous global communication is not a recent invention, but rather developed in the mid-19th century, and that the changes wrought by the telegraph outweigh the changes in modern society due to the internet. The ability to communicate globally at all in real-time is a qualitative shift, while the modern internet is merely a quantitative shift. The expression was used as a title of the book The Victorian Internet by Tom Standage. The analogy between Victorian and electronic telecommunications technologies has also been made by Terry Pratchett in Discworld novels, where the.
Internet - Internet simple:Internet In the general sense, an internet (with a lowercase "i", a shortened form of the original inter-network) is a computer network that connects several networks. As a proper noun, the Internet is the publicly available internationally interconnected system of computers (plus the information and services they provide to their users) that uses the TCP/IP suite of packet switching communications protocols. Thus, the largest internet is called simply "the" Internet. The art of connecting networks in this way is called internetworking. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 The creation of the Internet 2 Today's Internet 3 Internet culture 4 Internet politics 5 Internet access 6 Public places to use the Internet 7 See also 8.
Internet troll - Internet troll On the Internet, a troll is a person who posts messages that create controversy or an angry response without adding content to the discussion, often intentionally, merely as a ludibrium. Though technically different from flaming, which is an unmistakable direct personal attack, trolls often resort to innuendo or misdirection in the pursuit of their objective, which is to create controversy for its own sake, discredit those with whom they disagree, or sabotage discussion by creating an intimidating atmosphere. Originally this term applied to people who were intentionally posting flamebait, by analogy with the fishing technique of trolling: metaphorically, these people were dragging a conversational lure through the group, hoping for a response. The concept of "this person is trolling our newsgroup" became shortened to.
Internet Movie Database - Internet Movie Database The Internet Movie Database (IMDb) is an online database of information about movies, television shows, cartoons, and video games. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Introduction 2 History 3 Top 250 4 Copyright issues 5.
Internet Relay Chat - Internet Relay Chat Internet Relay Chat (IRC) is a form of instant communication over the Internet that allows both one-to-one communication and group communication. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Technical information 2 History 3 Networks 4 IRC clients 5 Miscellany 5.1 See also 5.2.
Internet standard - Internet standard Internet standards are defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). They are documents that start out as Internet Drafts, become "Requests for Comments" (RFCs), and then after this consulting process (generally) get approved by the IESG as a standard. Specifications that are intended to become Internet Standards evolve through a set of maturity levels known as the standards track. These maturity levels are "Proposed Standard", "Draft Standard", and "Standard" A Proposed Standard specification is generally stable, has resolved known design choices, is believed to be well-understood, has received significant community review, and appears to enjoy enough community interest to be considered valuable. However, further experience might result in a change or even retraction of the specification before it advances. Usually, neither implementation nor.
Internetworking - to connect disparate types of networking technology, but it became widespread through the developing need to connect two or more local area networks via some sort of wide area network. The definition now includes the connection of other types of computer networks such as personal area networks. The most notable example of internetworking in practice is the Internet, which is a network of networks running different low-level protocols, unified by an internetworking protocol, the Internet Protocol (IP). IP only provides an unreliable packet service across the internet; to reliably transfer data streams, a Transport layer protocol (such as TCP) must be used. This is part of why we commonly refer to TCP and IP together, as "TCP/IP". Some applications occasionally use a simpler Transport layer protocol (called UDP) for tasks which.
Internet control message protocol - Internet control message protocol The Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is part of the TCP-IP suite of protocols. ICMP messages are typically generated in response to errors in IP datagrams (as specified in RFC1122) or for diagnostic or routing purposes. Although ICMP messages are contained within standard IP datagrams, ICMP messages are usually processed as a special case distinguished from normal IP processing, rather than processed as a normal sub-protocol of IP. In particular, ICMP messages should never be generated as a consequence of ICMP message processing, in order to prevent cascades of ICMP messages. Many commonly used network utilities are based on ICMP messages. The ping utility (well known on Unix) is implemented using the ICMP "Echo" and "Echo reply" messages. The related traceroute command.
Internet humor - Internet humor The Internet, being what many have described as an "organic" entity, has long been a resource for the circulation of humorous ideas and jokes. Countless web-sites are devoted to the collection of Internet humour, and every day thousands of emails cross the world containing the text of humorous articles, or jokes about current events. "Internet humor" is distinguishable from "Humor on the Internet" through the concept of ownership. There are definite examples of commercially protected humor on the internet, examples include the cartoons of Dilbert or the newspaper columns of Dave Barry. "Internet Humor" is regarded as that which belongs to the public domain. Internet humor may also be regarded as humor that specifically relies on characteristics belonging to the Internet, and the "geek".
Internet slang - Internet slang simple:Net jargon Internet users have developed many slang terms over the years. Most of these are not actually acronyms as they cannot be pronounced, but that is what they are called nonetheless. Many of these terms originated for saving keystrokes and are often written in lower case. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Popular abbreviations and acronyms 2 Concepts 3 Words incorporated to the English language 4 See also 5 External Links Popular abbreviations and acronyms <3 --- "love" (made from the ASCII-art heart between the less than symbol and the three). Ex: I <3 you. 2B - To be 2B!2B -- "To be or not to be"; from the C programming language logic operation 'OR' “ ” and 'NOT' “ ! ”. 4 -.
Internet Explorer - Internet Explorer Internet Explorer for Windows v.6 with Google toolbar click for larger version Internet Explorer for Mac OS X 5.2.3 (Discontinued) Internet Explorer, abbreviated IE or MSIE, is a web browser from Microsoft, currently (as of 2003) in version 6.0 SP1 (version 5.2.3 for OS X and 5.1.7 for the classic Mac OS). Internet Explorer is a very popular web browser, for reasons that include the fact that it comes built into various versions of Microsoft Windows and used to be the default browser on the Mac OS before it was replaced by Apple's own Safari Web Browser. Internet Explorer was cited as an example of questionable product bundling in Microsoft's anti-trust case with the United States Department of Justice. Microsoft required many OEM computer.
Internet Engineering Task Force - Internet Engineering Task Force The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is charged with developing and promoting Internet standards. It is an open, all-volunteer organization, with no formal membership or membership requirements. It is organized into a large number of working groups, each dealing with a specific topic; each working group has an appointed chair (or sometimes several co-chairs). The working groups are organized into areas by subject matter; each area is overseen by an area director, or AD (sometimes an area can have co-AD's); the AD's appoint WG chairs. The area directors, together with the IETF Chair, form the Internet Engineering Steering Group, or IESG, who are responsible for the overall operation of the IETF. The IETF is overseen by the Internet Architecture Board, or IAB,.
Internet Protocol - Internet Protocol The Internet Protocol (IP) is a data-oriented protocol used by source and destination hosts for communicating data across a packet-switched internetwork. Data in an IP internetwork is sent in blocks referred to as packets or datagrams (the terms are basically synonomous in IP). In particular, in IP no setup is needed before a host tries to send packets to a host it has previously not communicated with. The Internet Protocol provides an unreliable datagram service (also called best effort); i.e. it makes almost no guarantees about the packet. The packet may arrived damaged, it may be out of order (compared to other packets sent between the same hosts), it may be duplicated, or it may be dropped entirely. If the application needs reliability, this.
Internet protocol suite - Internet protocol suite The Internet protocol suite is the set of protocols that implement the protocol stack on which the Internet runs. It is sometimes called the TCP/IP protocol suite, after two of the many protocols that make up the suite: the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP), which were the first two defined. The authoritative reference on this subject is RFC 1122. The Internet protocol suite can be described by analogy with the OSI model, which describes the layers of a protocol stack, not all of which correspond well with Internet practice. In a protocol stack, each layer solves a set of problems involving the transmission of data, and provides a well-defined service to the higher layers. Higher layers are logically closer.
Internet protocol spoofing - Internet protocol spoofing In computer networking, the term Internet protocol spoofing (IP spoofing) is the creation of IP packets with a forged (spoofed) source IP address. The header of every IP packet contains its source address. This should be the address that the packet was sent from. By forging the header, so it contains a different address, an attacker can make it appear that the packet was sent by a different machine. This can be a method of attack used by network intruders to defeat network security measures, such as authentication based on IP addresses. This type of attack is most effective where trust relationships exist between machines. It is common on some corporate networks to have internal systems trust each other, so that a user.
Internet backbone - Internet backbone The Internet backbone was the central network that linked all the parts of the Internet together. The term is now used as a loose term to describe the "core" of the current Internet. The original Internet backbone was the ARPANET. In 1989 the NSFNet backbone was established, the US military broke off as a separate MILNET network, and the ARPANET was shut down. A plan was then developed for first expanding NSFNet further, prior to rendering it obsolete by creating a new network architecture based on decentralized routing. (to be written: creation of the NAPs, EGP) With the decommissioning of the NSFNet Internet backbone network on April 30 1995, the Internet now consists entirely of the various commercial ISPs and private networks, as connected.
Internet friendship - Internet friendship Internet friendships are friendships between people who have met online, and in some cases know each other only via the Internet. Like Internet romance, it has been widely debated and often criticized. It is, many people argue, very difficult - if not impossible - to establish a meaningful relationship with somebody you can't see face to face. It is difficult to gauge a person's emotions and feelings, and there is a high possibility of deception - people lying about who they are. Supporters of online relationships, on the other hand, argue that not seeing the other person actually helps the relationship: you have fewer inhibitions, because you feel that the person you are speaking with doesn't have any expectations of you, and therefore it.
Internet dynamics - Internet dynamics The Internet has a large and growing number of users that have created a distinct culture, Internet Dynamics. For examples see Netiquette, Internet friendship, Internet romance, Trolls and trolling, Flaming, Cybering, Hacktivism, Internet humor, Internet slang, Internet art, PSTN. In the academic world, Sherry Turkle and David Gelernter are just two of the many researchers who investigate the effects of the Internet on individuals..
Internet Chess Club - Internet Chess Club The Internet Chess Club is a commercial Internet site devoted to the play and discussion of chess and chess variants. Paid members and guests play tens of thousands of games each day, and it is not uncommon to find over 2,000 chess players logged on to ICC. Additional services, most of which are available only to paid members, include live broadcast of grandmaster tournaments with professional commentary a searchable database of grandmaster games recorded lectures on various chess themes regular club tournaments private lessons by professionals ongoing player ratings modeled on the Elo rating system dozens of chat channels on various chess topics History In the late 1980s a band of volunteers created the first Internet chess server (ICS) for fun. Players logged.
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority - Internet Assigned Numbers Authority The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is an organisation that oversees IP address, top level domain and Internet protocol code point allocations. IANA was formerly one man, the late Jon Postel. IANA delegates local registrations of IP addresses to Regional Internet Registries (RIRs). Each RIR allocates addresses for a different area of the world namely: ARIN for North America RIPE for Europe APNIC for Asia and the Pacific region LACNIC for Latin America and the Caribbean region AfriNIC for Africa IANA delegates the allocation of IPv4 addresses to RIRs in large chunks (typically /8 or more at a time), and the RIRs then follow their own policies for address allocation. They typically further delegate address assignment to ISPs in small chunks, such.
