Jewish Theological Seminary of America - Jewish Theological Seminary of America The Jewish Theological Seminary of America, known in the Jewish community simply as JTS, is the academic and spiritual center of Conservative Judaism, and is the movement's main rabbinical seminary. It takes it name and basic ideology from the no longer extant Jewish Theological Seminary of Breslau. The Jewish Theological Seminary of Breslau Rabbi Zecharias Frankel (1801-1875) at one time was in the traditional wing of the nascent Reform Judaism movement. After the second Reform rabbinic conference (1845, Frankfurt, Germany) he resigned after coming to believe that their positions were exceedingly radical. In 1854 he became the head of a new rabbinical school, the Jewish Theological Seminary of Breslau. In his magnum opus Darkhei HaMishnah (Ways of the Mishnah) Rabbi Frankel.
Jewish Messiah - Jewish Messiah The concept of the messiah in Judaism is briefly discussed in the Jewish eschatology entry. In Hebrew the messiah is often referred to as Melekh HaMoshiach, literally "Anointed King". This entry discusses the Jewish view of the messiah in more detail. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Historical background 1.1 Jewish theology 2 The view of Maimonides 2.2 The messiah in Orthodox Judaism 2.3 The messiah in Conservative Judaism 2.4 The messiah in Reform and Reconstructionist Judaism 2.5 Jewish view of Jesus 3 References Historical background Christianity as we have come to know it emerged from Judaism in the first century of the Common Era. The first Christians were Jews, and likely subscribed to Jewish beliefs and practices common at the time. Among these was.
Jews in the New Testament - Testament (NT) can be seen as critical of Jews, in particular the Pharisees, the dominant Jewish group of that era. The most famous verse in this respect is Matthew 27:25, which states "Then answered all the people, and said, His blood be on us, and on our children". Other notable passages ascribe blame for Jesus' execution to the Jewish Sanhedrin and portray the Roman procurator Pontius Pilate as an unwilling authority forced to comply with the desires of a Jewish crowd. Criticism of Jews is not unique to the new testament: there are plenty of verses criticizing Jews in the Old Testament as well. Other episodes in the New Testament paint a more positive picture of the Jews. For example, the New Testament says that Jesus is Jewish, is (along with.
Joel Roth - which is the rabbinical body of Conservative Judaism. He is a member of the assembly's Committee on Jewish Law and Standards (CJLS) which deals with questions of Jewish law and tradition, and serves as a professor of Talmud at the Jewish Theological Seminary (JTS) of America, in NYC. He is most well know for writing the responsa, accepted by JTS, that allowed women to become ordained as rabbis. He is the author of "The Halakhic Process" and many responsa for the CJLS. These responsa have been published in a number of collections by the Rabbinical Assembly and the book service of the United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism. See also: Conservative Judaism, Talmud.
Jules Harlow - 1952 at Morningside College in Sioux City he earned a B.A., and from there went to New York City to study in the Jewish Theological Seminary of America; here he became ordained as a rabbi in 1959. He then became a member of the Rabbinical Assembly, the organized body of rabbis in Conservative Judaism. He soon began work as a liturgist on the RA's prayerbook committee, working with Rabbi Gershon Hadas on new siddurim (Jewish prayerbooks) for use in Conservative congregations. Under the editorship of Rabbi Hadas, they succeeded in printing the widely used Weekday Prayer Book in 1961. He took a greater role in working on the movement's mahzor (prayerbook for Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kipur) which was published in 1972. He soon became the chief liturgist for the Conservative.
Isaac Klein - He was one of the outstanding halakhists of the movement, was president of the Rabbinical Assembly from 1958-1960, a leading member of the Committee on Jewish Law and Standards from 1948 until his death in 1979. As a leading authority on halakha he authored many important teshuvot (responsa), many of which were published in his influential "Responsa and Halakhic Studies". From the 1950s to 1970s, he wrote a comprehensive guide to Jewish law which was used to teach halakha at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America. In 1979 he assembled this into "A Guide to Jewish Religious Practice", which is used by laypeople within Conservative Judaism..
History of the Jews in the United States (Colonial Era-1906) - of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Coming to the Americas 2 Arrival in North America 3 First Jewish settlers from Spain and Portugal 4 German Jewish settlers 5 Russian Immigration 6 In the cities and states 6.1 First Settlement 6.2 Asser Levy 7 Under English Rule 8 Shearith Israel 9 In the American Revolution 10 Up-State New York Settlements 11 Rhode Island 12 In New England 13 Maryland 14 Philadelphia 15 Mickvé Israel and Rodeph Shalom 16 In the Revolution 17 Jewish Company 18 Jacob de Cordova 19 Solomon Heydenfeldt 20 Characteristics of Congregations 21 3. Relation to the Federal Government: 22 Damascus Affair 23 Swiss Disabilities 24 Servia and Palestine 25 Russian Passports 26 Kishinef Petition 27 4. Education: 28 Free Schools 29 Theological Institutions Coming to the Americas The history of.
Ultra-Orthodox Judaism - however, that the ultra-Orthodox are a relatively recent group, dating back to the Enlightenment and emancipation of Jews in Western and Central Europe. Practices and beliefs The most basic belief of the ultra-Orthodox community is that it is the latest link in a chain of Jewish continuity extending back to the giving of the Torah to Moses at Mount Sinai. They believe that two guides to laws were given to the Israelites at that time: the first, known as Torah she-bi-khtav, or the "Written Law" is the Tanakh (Jewish Bible) as we know it today; the second, known as Torah she-ba'al peh, is the Mishnah and its exposition as relayed by the scholarly and other religious leaders of each generation. The interpretation of the Oral Law is considered as the authoritative.
Yitzchok Hutner - in Palestine that he became a disciple of Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook, the first Chief Rabbi of Palestine. The philosophical and mystical mind-set of both men, made them kindred spirits. Like Rabbi Kook, the young Rabbi Hutner eventually developed a warm welcoming posture towards non-religious Jews who were seeking to become more religious. They viewed things in the context of the end of the Jewish exile, galut, as they expected an immanent coming of the messianic era. In later years, when Rabbi Kook's name became entrenched with Mizrachi, Religious Zionism, Rabbi Hutner, as a sitting member of Agudath Israel of America 's "Council of Torah Sages" (Moetzet Gedolei HaTorah), sought to decrease his former public association with Kook, even though he maintained cordial relations with Rabbi Kook's son and heir Rabbi.
United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism - (USCJ) is the official organization of synagogues practicing Conservative Judaism in North America. It closely works with the Rabbinical Assembly, the international body of Conservative rabbis, and the Jewish Theological Seminary of America, the primary seminary of the Conservative movement. The USCJ has over 800 congregations. The USCJ works in the fields of Jewish education, youth activities, congregational standards and programming, social action and Israel affairs, and published the magazine "United Synagogue Review". The United Synagogue sponsors a youth group, United Synagogue Youth (USY). There are chapters all over the US, and many are being formed in Israel and other countries. It sponsors Koach, the organization for Conservative Judaism on college campuses. See also: Conservative Judaism -- Jewish Theological Seminary of America -- Rabbinical Assembly.
Dispensationalism - were anticipated by the work of Pierre Poiret. Dispensationalism in this form was proposed as a specific system by John Nelson Darby, founder of the Plymouth Brethren movement. It was popularised in the United States by Cyrus I. Scofield through the vehicle of his widely circulated Scofield Reference Bible, an annotated study Bible that taught dispensationalism as a system. In the protestant countries of Europe, on the other hand, it has had very little influence. This fact is largely resposible for the very different "flavors" of American and European protestantism that exist today. Dispensationalism has had a number of effects on Protestantism, at least as it is practised in the United States of America. By consistently teaching that the Beast of Revelations, or the Antichrist, is a political leader, dispensationalism has.
Abraham Joshua Heschel - (1907-1972) was perhaps the most significant Jewish theologian of the 20th century. Heschel was a descendant of preeminent rabbinic families of Europe, both on his father's and mother's side. In his teens he received a traditional yeshiva education, and obtained traditional smicha (rabbinical ordination); he then studied at the University of Berlin, where he obtained his doctorate, and at the Hochschule für die Wissenschaft des Judentums, where he earned a second liberal rabbinic ordination. He later taught Talmud there. Escaping from the Nazis, he found refuge both in England and America, where he briefly served on the faculty of Hebrew Union College, the main seminary of Reform Judaism, in Cincinnati. Increasingly uncomfortable with the lack of observance of Jewish law at HUC, Heschel sought an academic institution where critical, modern scholarship.
Arthur Hertzberg - in 1921. Hertzberg, was 5 when he left Europe with his parents in 1926, recalled that as a teenager in an Orthodox Jewish neighborhood in Youngstown, Ohio, he would not accept the notion that the literary world of talmudic learning, the kabbalistic books and the writing of the chasidim were less worthy as compared to the "Iliad," the "Odyssey" or Dante's "Inferno." His father was an Orthodox rabbi trained in Eastern Europe, his father taught Arthur to appreciate the richness of the Talmud and the other great works of Judaism. Although Hertzberg would later stray from his Orthodox upbringing and be ordained as a Conservative rabbi, he "never used my 'heresy' as the excuse to prefer the majority culture to my own." He has been married to the former Phyllis Cannon.
Baal teshuva - Baal Teshuva, or Chozrei BeTeshuva, refers to a return of a Jewish person to a Jewishly observant lifestyle. It is sometimes colloquially referred to as "Born-Again Judaism", because of its revivalistic aspects; however, the term is not correct, as Jewish theology rejects the idea that a return to Judaism "saves" a person from damnation. Within Orthodox Judaism the term baal teshuva is refers only to those Jews who choose to affiliate with Orthodox Judaism; Orthodoxy generally does not recognize the validity of any denomination of Judaism other than itself. Outside of Orthodoxy this term has a wider use, and can refer to any formerly non-observant Jew who returns to more traditional and observant form of Judaism. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Origin of the movement 2 In Russia (Former USSR) 3.
Conservative responsa - own and recent generations rejected the right to any but minor interpretations. The Conservative view is that both are necessary for a living Judaism. Accordingly, Conservative Judaism holds itself bound by the Jewish legal tradition, but asserts the right of its rabbinical body, acting as a whole, to interpret and to apply Jewish law." Source: Rabbi Mordecai Waxman Tradition and Change: The Development of Conservative Judaism Conservative Jews believe that that Orthodoxy had deviated from historical Judaism through an excessive concern with recent codifications of Jewish law. The Conservative movement consciously rejects the Orthodox mythology of Jewish history, which entails near total deference to seemingly infallible rabbis, and instead holds that a more fluid model is both necessary and theologically and historically justifiable. The Conservative movement makes a conscious effort to.
Solomon Schechter - Rabbi Solomon Schechter was the second President of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America (1902 to 1915) and founder and President of the United Synagogue of America (later to become the United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism.) Under his leadership the Seminary obtained a distinguished faculty, and a dynamic momentum. His greatest academic fame came from his study of the Cairo genizah, an extraordinary archive of ancient Jewish texts that were preserved in an Egyptian synagogue. The find revolutionized the study of Medieval Judaism. Solomon Schechter emphasized the centrality of Jewish law (halakha) in Jewish life in a speech in his inaugural address as President of the Jewish Theological Seminary in 1902: "Judaism is not a religion which does not oppose itself to anything in particular. Judaism is opposed to any number.
Rabbinical Assembly - Originally set up as the alumni association of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America (JTS), the Rabbinical Assembly (RA) is the official, international body of Conservative rabbis, with some 1400 members. Rabbinical graduates from JTS, the University of Judaism (California) and The Schechter Institute of Jewish Studies (Jerusalem, Israel) are automatically members of the RA; rabbis whose ordination is from other seminaries and Yeshivas are also welcome to apply. The Committee on Jewish Law and Standards (CJLS) is the movement's central body on interpreting Jewish law and custom; it was founded by the Rabbinical Assembly in the 1920s. It is composed of 25 rabbis, who are voting members, and five laypeople, who do not vote but participate fully in deliberations. When any six (or more) members vote in favor of a.
Reform Judaism - Judaism) is a branch of Judaism characterized by: The belief that an individual's personal autonomy overrides traditional Jewish law and custom. The individual decides which Jewish practices, if any, to adopt as binding A positive attitude toward modern culture The belief that both traditional rabbinic modes of study, and more modern critical textual analysis, are valid ways to learn about and from the Hebrew Bible and rabbinic literature. A non-fundamentalist method of understanding the Jewish principles of faith, along with the belief that no Jew need accept all - or any particular - principles of faith. In Reform Judaism, it is the individual who decides which beliefs, if any, to adopt as binding. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Origin of Reform Judaism in the 1800s 2 Classic German Reform prayer services.
Robert Gordis - first Conservative day school, served as President of the Rabbinical Assembly and of the Synagogue Council of America, and was professor at Jewish Theological Seminary from 1940 to 1992. He wrote one of the first pamphlets explaining Conservative ideology in 1946, and in 1988 he chaired the Commission on the Philosophy of Conservative Judaism which produced the official statement of Conservative ideology "Emet Ve-Emunah". External Link: http://www.erskine.edu/library/catalog/wpacdata/ENG/alinks/a003801.htm.
Pat Robertson - Washington and Lee University in 1946, where he was elected to Phi Beta Kappa. In 1948 he enlisted in the U.S. Marine Corps Reserve. After graduating magna ### laude with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1950, Robertson served in the Korean War. He was promoted to first lieutenant in 1952 upon his return to the United States. Robertson received a juris doctor degree from Yale University Law School in 1955 and a master of divinity degree from New York Theological Seminary in 1959. Robertson established the Christian Broadcast Network in 1960. It is now seen in 180 countries and broadcasted in 71 languages. Robertson also founded International Family Entertainment Inc in 1990, with its main business as the Family Channel which was sold to Fox network in 1997. Robertson founded.
