Jihad - Jihad Jihad is an Arabic word which comes from the Arabic root word 'jahada'; it literally means either 'combat' or 'striving'. It is considered a mandatory and fundamental principle of Islam, although the interpretation of this principle varies widely. Jihad is sometimes referred to as "The sixth pillar of Islam" in honour of its religious status and in reference to the Five Pillars of Islam. The two meanings of Jihad are: A personal, internal struggle (inner or greater Jihad) An external struggle (including armed combat), against aggressors (outer or lesser Jihad) Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Jihad in the Quran 2 Authority 3 Terrorism 4 Jihad and Combat against non-Muslims 5 Jihad in interpreting religious law 6 External Links Jihad in the Quran In one quote.
Jihad Ahmed Jibril - Jihad Ahmed Jibril Mohammed Jihad Ahmed Jibril (1961 - May 20, 2002) was the son of Ahmed Jibril, founder of the PFLP-GC. Jihad Ahmed Jibril was the leader of the military wing of the PFLP-GC and was the heir apparent of the organization before he was killed in a car bombing in Beirut in 2002. The assassination was blamed on Israel, although Jibril had many other enemies, including the Lebanese Christian militia and other Palestinian nationalist organizations..
Islamic Jihad - Islamic Jihad Harakat al-Jihad al-Islami (or Islamic Jihad) is a Islamist terrorist group based in the Syrian capital, Damascus. Its financial backing comes from there and Iran. see also Egyptian Islamic Jihad Palestinian Islamic Jihad Jihad Terrorism Wahhabism Hanadi Jaradat Anti-Semitism Islamic Jihad is also an alias of Hizbollah..
Egyptian Islamic Jihad - Egyptian Islamic Jihad The Egyptian Islamic Jihad, also called the Islamic Jihad and the Jihad Group, is an Egyptian Islamic group active since the late 1970s with origins in the Muslim Brotherhood. It suffered setbacks as a result of numerous arrests of operatives worldwide, most recently in Lebanon and Yemen. The organization's primary goals are to overthrow the Egyptian Government and replace it with an Islamic state and to attack United States and Israeli interests in Egypt and abroad. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Activities 2 Location/Area of Operation 3 External Aid Activities The organization specializes in armed attacks against high-level Egyptian Government personnel, including cabinet ministers, and car-bombings against official US and Egyptian facilities. The original Jihad was responsible for the assassination in 1981 of Egyptian President.
Butlerian Jihad - Butlerian Jihad The Butlerian Jihad is an epic turning point in the back-story of Frank Herbert's fictional Dune Universe. In a nutshell, thinking machines become powerful and threaten to enslave mankind. After the destruction of the machines, throughout the human worlds, the commandment "Thou shalt not make a machine in the image of Man's mind" holds sway. This is the reason that we don't see computers or "thinking machines" in the Dune novels or movies. Although at first sight the jihad would appear to be named after Samuel Butler, whose novel Erewhon depicted a people who had eliminated machines for fear they would be out-evolved by them, Herbert's back-story named it after its instigator, Serena Butler. This back-story has now been made into a series of novels.
Palestinian Islamic Jihad - Palestinian Islamic Jihad Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ, Arab Harakat al-Jihad al-Islami al-Filastini) is a militant group, widely regarded as terrorist throughout the world, whose goal is the destruction of the State of Israel and its replacement with a Islamist state for Palestinian Arabs. This group defines Jihad as acts of war against Jews and others who do not share their beliefs. Palestinian Islamic Jihad also opposes many other Arab governments, who they see as not being sufficiently Islamic and too western. The PIJ has claimed responsibility for several terrorist attacks in Israel, including suicide bombings. Unlike the far bigger Hamas, which split from it, the Islamic Jihad has a small support base, and no real social or political role. The Palestinian Islamic Jihad was formed in the Gaza.
Khalifa - of any desert culture, where oases are precious and natural capital must be preserved, in particular clean water sources. Three specific ways in which khalifa is manifested in Muslim practice are the creation of haram to protect water, hima to protect other species (including those useful to man), and by resisting infidel domination over Muslim lands, in jihad (which can only be declared legitimately after a number of serious abuses, including cutting down olive trees, a major source of contention in the West Bank of the Jordan). Note that Judeo-Christians are not always considered infidels (kaffir) as such by Islam, and are permitted freedom of religion, but not to be allowed control of Muslim lands, thought to be in part because of this differing obligation of man towards nature, theoretical though.
Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan - was able to achieve some temporary success and came to dominate the politics of the North West Frontier Province (now a part of Pakistan) from 1930 until 1947. Although Ghaffar Khan was a champion of woman’s rights and non-violence, he became a hero in a society dominated by violence and machismo. Notwithstanding his liberal views, his unswerving faith and obvious bravery led to his recognition as the Badshah Khan – the “khan of khans”. Throughout his life, he never lost faith with his non-violent methods or with the compatibility of Islam and nonviolence. He viewed his struggle as a Jihad with only the enemy holding swords. Ghaffar Khan died in Peshawar in 1988 and was buried in Jalalabad (Afghanistan). Although he had been repeatedly imprisoned and persecuted, tens of thousands of.
January 2003 - his resignation as chairman of AOL after 18 years at the head of the company. Groundbreaking begins on Hong Kong Disneyland, scheduled to open in 2006 January 11, 2003 George Ryan, Governor of Illinois, announced that he commuted the sentences of all 157 people on the state of Illinois' Death Row to life in prison. "Our capital system is haunted by the demon of error: error in determining guilt and error in determining who among the guilty deserves to die. What effect was race having? What effect was poverty having? Because of all these reasons, today I am commuting the sentences of all death row inmates," Ryan said. Ryan's term of office expires on January 13. A U.S. court ordered the controversial organization Clonaid, which claims that it produced a human.
Jemaah Islamiyah - Indonesia. Bashir created a boarding school in Java. The school's motto was, "Death in the way of Allah is our highest aspiration." Bashir was thrown in prison by Suharto's government as part of a crackdown and spent several years there. He and his followers escaped to Malaysia in 1982. He recruited people from Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and the Philippines. The group oficially named itself Jemaah Islamiyah around that time period. The members of JI ranted and distributed pamphlets, but committed relatively few terrorist acts. Bashir preached jihad but he would do very little violent action. This changed in the 1990's. Bashir met Riduan Isamuddin, a.k.a. Hambali sometime in the early 1990's at a religious school that Bashir set up. Bashir became the spiritual leader of the organization while Hambali became the.
Imam Shamil - lasted from 1817 until 1864. Indeed, Shamil made effective use of guerilla warfare tactics and the resistance was only ended when the Russians deployed half a million troops and reduced the forces of Shamil down to the hundreds. After being threatened with the excecution of his family, Shamil surrendered. After being defeated by the Russians, Shamil was sent to Moscow to meet the Csar, and then he was exiled to a small town outside of Moscow. In 1869 he was given permission to retire to the holy city of Mecca, and he travelled there through Istanbul. He would die in Medina in 1871 while visiting the city, and was buried the Jannatul Baqi which is also the site where many important personalities from Islamic history are buried. Shamil continues to be.
Indian Mutiny - the gun against himself and used his foot to try to pull the trigger to shoot himself. He failed, was captured and then hanged on April 7 along with the jemadar. The whole regiment was dismissed as a collective punishment. Other sepoys felt this was too harsh. A couple of weeks later, on May 9 in Meerut, 85 troopers of the 3rd Light Cavalry refused to use their cartridges. They were imprisoned, sentenced to ten years of hard labor, and stripped of their uniforms in public. Mutiny begins Serious unrest began the next day, on May 10, 1857 when the XI Native Cavalry of the Bengal Army in Meerut mutinied. Supposedly, the town prostitutes made fun of their manhood and thus goaded, they went to the prison and released the chained.
International Solidarity Movement - the fence's construction. Attempting to block military vehicles such as tanks and bulldozers. Violating curfew orders. Several events involving the ISM have received some degree of press coverage: On March 16, 2003, ISM member Rachel Corrie was fatally run over by an IDF bulldozer while attempting to prevent it from demolishing a building. On March 27, 2003, Shadi Sukiya, claimed to be a Islamic Jihad member, was arrested in a house in Jenin where ISM, Red Cross and Doctors Without Frontiers rents an office. On April 5, 2003, ISM member Brian Avery was injured by debris kicked up by machine gun fire from an IDF armored personnel carrier while investigating the source of gunfire heard during an IDF enforced curfew. On April 11, 2003, ISM member Thomas Hurndall was left clinically.
Islam - available material. According to Islamic tradition, Muhammad was illiterate; the revelations to Muhammad were later gathered by his companions and followers in book form. Muhammad is considered to be the final prophet, sent to preach the same message as the prophets of Christianity (Jesus) and Judaism (Moses) (and possibly Zoroastrianism and other ancient religions). Islamic belief holds that all the prophets successfully taught their nation the same message of the oneness of God. In the past, however, the message of Islam became distorted by later generations and the revealed scripture corrupted, leaving reason for another messenger to be sent. As Muslims believe that Muhammad is the last of a long line of prophets, they have taken his message to be a sacred trust, and have taken great care to ensure the.
Islamism - and have become targets in the War on Terrorism. It also sometimes called Islamofascism, see List of pejorative political slogans) Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 History of Islamism 1.1 The Deobandi Movement 1.2 Sayed Abul ala Mawdudi 1.3 The Muslim Brotherhood 1.4 Islamic Jihad movements 1.5 Wahhabism 2 Modern Islamism 3 Islamist movements 4 External Links 5 Further reading History of Islamism Islamist movements developed during the twentieth century in reaction to several forces. Following World War I and the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, and the subsequent dissolution of the Caliphate by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk (founder of Turkey), some Muslims perceived their religion as in retreat, and felt that Western ideas were spreading throughout Muslim society, along with the influence of Western nations. During the 1960s, the predominant ideology within.
Islamic eschatology - granting them 72 female virgins that they can have sex with every day; these virgins will miraculously have their hymens regrown the next day, so that the person can continually spend eternity having sex with virgins. In recent decades, this belief has been stressed by some militant Islamic groups as a way to induce teenage males to become suicide bombers. The excessive stress on this belief is seen by moderate Muslims as a deviation from the traditional Muslim emphasis that it is only the five pillars of faith that bring one to Heaven. On the other hand, other sources claim that men who die in Jihad get 70 virgins, not 72: see Five Pillars of Islam. Those who do not merit Heaven are sentenced to eternal damnation in Hell. The 72.
Israel Defence Forces - reactor since the 1960s. Very little can be said with certainty beyond this. The Federation of American Scientists (see references) claims that the first two nuclear bombs probably were operational before the Six-Day War. It is widely reported that Prime Minister Eshkol ordered them armed in Israel's first nuclear alert during that war. It is also reported that, fearing defeat in the October 1973 Yom Kippur War, the Israelis assembled 13 twenty-kiloton nuclear bombs. Naturally, it is next to impossible to confirm this information. The current size and composition of Israel's nuclear stockpile is uncertain, and is the subject of various estimates and reports. FAS estimates that Israel probably has 100-200 nuclear warheads, which can be delivered by airplanes (A4 Skyhawk or converted F-4 Phantom II), or ballistic missiles (Lance, Jericho,.
Israeli-Palestinian conflict - Christian Arab militias, allied to Israel, on September 16-17, 1982. The International Committee of the Red Cross counted 2,750 victims. For its involvement in the Lebanese war and its indirect responsibility for the Sabra and Shatila Massacre, Israel was heavily criticized. Main article: 1982 Lebanon War The first intifada The First Intifada began in 1987. It was a spontaneous uprising among Palestinians in the Occupied Territories against Israeli repression. Daily, the riots escalated throughout the territories and were especially severe in the Gaza Strip. The intifada soon became an international concern. On December 22 that year the UN Security Council passed Resolution 605 which condemned Israels handling of the Intifada. The Peace Process In 1991, a breakthrough occured when US president George H.W. Bush called a conference in Madrid, Spain, dubbed.
Israeli-Palestinian conflict timeline - Israeli-Palestinian conflict external references for news stories. September 6, 2003 Mahmoud Abbas resigns from the post of Prime Minister. August 19, 2003 Islamic Jihad and Hamas claim joint responsibility for a suicide bombing that kills twenty Israelis. Mahmoud Abbas pledges a crackdown on militants, but he is prevented from doing so by Yassir Arafat June 29, 2003 Hamas, Islamic Jihad and Fatah agree to a three-month cease-fire. June 2, 2003 A two-day summit is held in Egypt. Arab leaders announce their support for the road map and promised to work on cutting off funding to terrorist groups. May 27, 2003 Ariel Sharon states that the "occupation" of Palestinian territories "can't continue endlessly." April 30, 2003 The details of the Road map for peace are released. March 24, 2003 Hilltop 26, an.
Islam and anti-Semitism - the particular tribe showed constant ungratefulness towards God and did not obey the command of their great prophets. "Indignity is put over them wherever they may be, except when under a covenant (of protection) from God, and from men; they have drawn on themselves the Wrath of God, and destruction is put over them. This is because they disbelieved in the Ayats (evidences) of Allah and killed the Prophets without right. This is because they disobeyed (God) and used to transgress beyond bounds (in God's disobedience, crimes and sins)" Islamic claims that Jews are "the sons of pigs and apes Al-Jahiz (d. 869), a ninth century Islamic zoologist and author of The Book of Animals, writes that the mouse, cheetah, eel, white ant (termite), and lizard were originally sinful Jews. (See.
