John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh - John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh (November 12, 1842 - June 30, 1919) was a Nobel Prize-winning physicist. See also Rayleigh scattering Rayleigh number Rayleigh fading.
1842 in science - Awards 5 Births 6 Deaths Mechanics Christian Doppler examines the Doppler shift of sound Paleontology Richard Owen coins the term Dinosaur Technology February 21 - John J. Greenough patents the sewing machine Crawford Long performs the first surgical operation using anasthesia Awards Copley Medal: James MacCullagh Wollaston Medal: Leopold von Buch Births February 2 - Yulian Vasilievich Sokhotski, mathematician († 1927) May 8 - Emil Christian Hansen, fermentation physiologist († 1909) August 23 - Osbourne Reynolds, physicist († 1912) September 9 - Elliott Coues, ornithologist († 1899) September 20 - James Dewar, chemist († 1923) November 12 - John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh, Nobel Prize-winning physicist († 1919) December 17 - Sophus Lie, mathematician († 1899) Deaths May 8 - Jules Dumont d'Urville, explorer (* 1790) August 18 - Louis.
Duchy of Lancaster - Duchies in the United Kingdom, the other being the Duchy of Cornwall. The Duchy of Lancaster was created for John of Gaunt, a younger son of King Edward III of England,when John married the Lancaster heiress. It is the private property of the crown, and has been since 1399, when the Dukedom of Lancaster, held by Henry of Bolingbroke, merged with the crown on his accession to the throne. The Duchy consists of lands in Northern England, especially in Lancashire. The chief officer of the Duchy is the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, a high position which is sometimes a cabinet post. Since, for at least the last two centuries, the Chancellor rarely has had any significant duties pertaining to management of the Duchy itself, he is usually available as.
List of Chancellors of the University of Cambridge - the University of Cambridge, from about 1246 to the present day: Hugh de Hotton, c. 1246 Reginald Gerninghall, 1256 Stephen Hepworth, 1257 William de Ludham, 1259 Richard de Gedney, 1260 Richard Dryfield, 1261 John de Asgarby, 1267 John Hooke, 1270-1275 Roger de Fulbourn, 1276 Andrew de Gisleham, 1283 Thomas Sheringham, 1286 Stephen Hepworth , 1287 Ralph de Leicester, 1289-1290 Geoffery de Pakenham, 1290-1292 Henry de Boyton, 1293-1295 John de Bradenham, 1295-1296 Thomas de Sheringham , 1296-1299 Stephen Hepworth , 1299 Stephen Haslingfield, 1300-1303 Stephen de Segrace, 1303-1307 Stephen Haslingfield, 1307 Richard de Ashton, 1315 Roger Northburgh, 1321-1326 Richard de Badew, 1326-1329 Thomas de Foxton, 1329-1331 Robert de Winwick, c. 1330 John de Langley, 1331-1334 Robert de Mildenhall, 1334-1335 Henry de Herwarden, 1335-1337 Richard Harling (or Ling), 1337-1339 Robert de Claydon, 1340.
John Campbell, 1st Baron Campbell of St Andrews - John Campbell, 1st Baron Campbell of St Andrews John Campbell, 1st Baron Campbell of St Andrews (17 September 1779-1861), was a British politician, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain. The second son of the Rev. George Campbell, D.D., he was born at Cupar, Fife, Scotland, where his father was for fifty years parish minister. For a few years Campbell studied at the United College, St Andrews. In 1800 he was entered as a student at Lincoln's Inn, and, after working briefly for the Morning Chronicle, was called to the bar in 1806, and at once began to report cases decided at nisi prius (ie. on jury trial). Of these Reports he published four volumes, with learned notes; they extend from Michaelmas 1807 to Hilary 1816. Campbell also.
John Hervey, Baron Hervey of Ickworth - John Hervey, Baron Hervey of Ickworth John Hervey, baron Hervey of Ickworth (October 13, 1696 - August 5, 1743), English statesman and writer, was the eldest son of John, 1st earl of Bristol, by his second marriage. He was educated at Westminster School and at Clare Hall, Cambridge, where he took his M.A. degree in 1715. In 1716 his father sent him to Paris, and thence to Hanover to pay his court to George I. He was a frequent visitor at the court of the prince and princess of Wales at Richmond, and in 1720 he married Mary Lepell, who was one of the princesss ladies-in-waiting, and a great court beauty. In 1723 he received the courtesy title of Lord Hervey on the death of his.
Thomas Fairfax, 3rd Baron Fairfax of Cameron - Thomas Fairfax, 3rd Baron Fairfax of Cameron Thomas Fairfax, 3rd Baron Fairfax of Cameron (January 17, 1612 - November 12, 1671), parliamentary general and commander-in-chief during the English Civil War, the eldest son of Ferdinando Fairfax, 2nd Baron Fairfax of Cameron, was born at Denton, near Otley, Yorkshire. He studied at St John's College, Cambridge (1626 - 1629), and then proceeded to the Netherlands to serve as a volunteer with the English army in the Low Countries under Sir Horace (Lord) Vere. This connection led to one still closer; in the summer of 1637 Fairfax married Anne Vere, the daughter of the general. The Fairfaxes, father and son, though serving at first under King Charles I (Thomas commanded a troop of horse, and was knighted by the king.
William Henry Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland - William Henry Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland William Henry Cavendish Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland, Marquess of Titchfield, Earl of Portland, Viscount Woodstock, Baron of Cirencester. (April 14, 1738 - October 30, 1809) British statesman and Prime Minister. Also known as Marquess of Titchfield (1738-1762). Lord Tichfield, the eldest son of the 2nd Duke of Portland, studied at Oxford, and entered parliament in 1761 before going to the Lords when he succeeded his father as Duke of Portland the next year. Associated with the aristocratic Whig party of Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, Portland served as Lord Chamberlain of the Household in Rockingham's first Government (1765-1766), and then as Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland in Rockingham's second ministry (April-August 1782), but resigned from Lord Shelburne's ministry along.
William Paget, 1st Baron Paget - William Paget, 1st Baron Paget William Paget, 1st baron Paget of Beaudesert (1506 - June 9, 1563), English statesman, son of William Paget, one of the serjeants-at-mace of the city of London, was born in London in 1506, and was educated at St Paul's School, and at Trinity Hall, Cambridge, proceeding afterwards to the university of Paris. Probably through the influence of Stephen Gardiner, who had early befriended Paget, he was employed by Henry VIII in several important diplomatic missions; in 1532 he was appointed clerk of the signet and soon afterwards of the privy council. He became secretary to Queen Anne of Cleves in 1539, and in 1543 he was sworn of the privy council and appointed secretary of state, in which position Henry VIII.
Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke - Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke Henry St John, Viscount Bolingbroke (1678 - December 12, 1751), was an English statesman and writer. He was the son of Sir Henry St John, Bart. (afterwards 1st Viscount St John), and of Lady Mary Rich, daughter of the 2nd Earl of Warwick. His exact date of birth is unknown, but he was baptized on October 10 1678, and was educated at Eton. He travelled abroad during 1698 and 1699 and acquired an exceptional knowledge of French, but also led an exceptionally dissipated and extravagant youth. Oliver Goldsmith reported that he had been seen to "run naked through the park in a state of intoxication." Swift, his intimate friend, said that he wanted to be thought the Alcibiades or Petronius of his.
Frederick William Hervey, 1st Marquess of Bristol - Frederick William Hervey, 1st Marquess of Bristol Frederick William Hervey, 5th Earl and 1st Marquess of Bristol (October 2, 1769 - February 15, 1859) was the younger son of the previous earl. He married Elizabeth Albana (d. 1844), daughter of Clotworthy, 1st Baron Templetown, by whom he had six sons and three daughters. In 1826 he was created marquess of Bristol and Earl Jermyn. He was succeeded by his son Frederick William (1800-1864), M.P. for Bury St Edmunds 1830-1859, as 2nd marquess; and by the latter's son Frederick William John (1834-1907), M.P. for West Suffolk 1859-1864, as 3rd marquess. The latter's nephew, Frederick William Fane Hervey (b. 1863), who succeeded as 4th marquess, served with distinction in the royal navy, and was M.P. for Bury St Edmunds.
Denzil Holles, 1st Baron Holles - Denzil Holles, 1st Baron Holles Denzil Holles, 1st Baron Holles (October 31, 1599 - February 17, 1680) was an English statesman and writer, best known as one of the five members of parliament whom King Charles I of England attempted to arrest in 1642. Holles was the second son of John Holles, 1st Earl of Clare (c. 1564-1637), by Anne, daughter of Sir Thomas Stanhope. The favourite son of his father and endowed with great natural abilities, Denzil Holles grew up under advantageous circumstances. Destined to become one of the most formidable antagonists of King Charles's arbitrary government, he had been Charles's childhood friend. The earl of Clare was, however, no friend to the Stuart administration, being especially hostile to the Duke of Buckingham; and on the accession of.
Baron de Ros - Baron de Ros The title of Baron de Ros is the most ancient baronial title in the Peerage of England. (The spelling of the title and of the surname of the original holders has been rendered differently in various texts. The word "Ros" is sometimes spelt "Roos," and the word "de" is sometimes dropped.) The Barony was created by writ in 1264; no other English title predates it. The only older peerage titles in the British Isles are: Baron Kerry and Lixnaw (1181), Baron Offaly (1199) and Earl of Sutherland (1230). The first two are in the Peerage of Ireland, while the last is in the Peerage of Scotland. The Barony may pass to heirs-general rather than just heirs-male, unlike most British titles. The barony may.
Baron Lyttelton - Baron Lyttelton Baron Lyttelton is a Baronial in the British peerage, which has been created twice, though both times to the same family, being awarded to William Henry Lyttelton in 1794 some fifteen years after his nephew, Thomas Lyttelton, died without legitimate issue. In 1888, Charles George Lyttelton, 5th Baron Lyttelton, succeeded to the Viscounty of Cobham, after the death of the 3rd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, and into which title the Barony is now merged. Please note that these lists are rather incomplete. Barons Lyttelton of Frankley, first Creation (1756) George Lyttelton, 1st Baron Lyttelton (1709-1773) Thomas Lyttelton, 2nd Baron Lyttelton (1744-1779) (extinct) Barons Lyttelton of Frankley, second Creation (1794) William Henry Lyttelton, 1st Baron Lyttelton (1724-1808) ? (?-?) ? (1782-1837) George William Lyttelton,.
Baron Mowbray - Baron Mowbray The title of Baron Mowbray is a very old one in the Peerage of England. It was held for a long time by the Mowbray and Howard Dukes of Norfolk. The title was united with the Barony of Segrave in 1368, and with the Barony of Stourton since the 19th century, when it and Segrave were brought out of the abeyance they had fallen into at the death of the 9th Duke of Norfolk. Barons Mowbray (1283) Roger de Mowbray, 1st Baron Mowbray (d.1297) John de Mowbray, 2nd Baron Mowbray (d.1321) John de Mowbray, 3rd Baron Mowbray (1310-1361) John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray (1340-1368) John Mowbray, 1st Earl of Nottingham, 5th Baron Mowbray (1365-1379) Thomas Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, 6th Baron Mowbray.
Thomas Radclyffe, 3rd Earl of Sussex - Thomas Radclyffe, 3rd Earl of Sussex Thomas Radclyffe (or Ratclyffe) 3rd Earl of Sussex (c. 1525 - June 9, 1583) was Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland during the Tudor period of English history. The eldest son of Henry, 2nd Earl of Sussex, by his first wife, Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk, he was born about 1525, and after his father's succession to the earldom in 1542 was styled Viscount Fitzwalter. After serving in the army abroad, he was employed in 1551 to negotiate a marriage between King Edward VI of England and a daughter of Henry II of France. Radclyffe's prominence in the kingdom was shown by his inclusion among the signatories to the letters patent of June 16, 1553 settling the crown on Lady Jane.
St John's College, Cambridge - St John's College, Cambridge St John's College is one of the colleges making up the University of Cambridge, and was founded by Lady Margaret Beaufort in 1511. It is now Cambridge's second largest college by size of its membership, behind Trinity College. The college was founded on the original site of the 13th century Hospital of St John in Cambridge at the suggestion of John Fisher, Bishop of Rochester and chaplain to Lady Margaret. However, Lady Margaret died without having mentioned the foundation of St John's in her will and testament and it was largely the work of John Fisher which ensured that the college was founded. He had to obtain the approval of King Henry VIII of England, the Pope through an intermediary Polydore Vergil, and.
Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury - Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury Marquess of Salisbury Terms of Office: July, 1885 - February, 1886 August, 1886 - August, 1892 June, 1895 - July, 1902 PM Predecessors: William Gladstone Lord Rosebery PM Successors: William Gladstone Lord Rosebery Arthur James Balfour Date of Birth: 3 February 1830 Place of Birth: Hatfield, Hertfordshire Political Party: Conservative Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, Earl of Salisbury, Viscount Cranborne, Baron Cecil of Essendon. Also known as Lord Robert Cecil (before 1865), and Viscount Cranborne (1865-1868). British statesman and Prime Minister. Lord Robert Cecil was the second son of the 2nd Marquess of Salisbury. After an unhappy childhood, in which he studied at Eton College and Christ Church, Oxford, he went into politics, entering the House of Commons as a.
William Marshal - William Marshal William Marshal is the name of two important men in English history. They were father and son. The better known William (the father-- 1146 to 1219) was the 4th Earl of Pembroke and "greatest knight that ever lived" (Stephen Langton). Before him, the hereditary title of "Marshal" designated a sort of head of household security for the king of England; by the time he died, when people in Europe (not just Britain) said, "the Marshal," they meant William. When William was about six years old, his father John Marshal had switched sides so often between King Stephen and Empress Maud that John had to give William to Stephen as a hostage for John's keeping his word that he would surrender Newbury Castle, which Maud.
William Pulteney, 1st Earl of Bath - William Pulteney, 1st Earl of Bath William Pulteney (1684 - July 7, 1764) was an English politician, created Earl of Bath in 1742 by King George II. The son of William Pulteney by his first wife, Mary Floyd, he was born in April 1684 into an old Leicestershire family. He was educated at Westminster School and at Christ Church, Oxford, matriculating on October 31, 1700. He acquired extensive classical knowledge, and on leaving Oxford made the usual tour on the continent. In 1705 he was brought into parliament by Henry Guy (former secretary of the Treasury) for the Yorkshire borough of Heydon. This seat was held by him without a break until 1734. Throughout the reign of Queen Anne William Pulteney played a prominent part in.
