Kelp - Kelp Kelp Scientific classification Kingdom: Protista Division: Heterokontophyta Class: Phaeophyceae Order: Laminariales Kelp are large seaweeds, belonging to the brown algae and classified in the order Laminariales. There are about 30 different genera; sometimes members of the order Fucales are also considered kelp. Kelp grows in underwater forests (kelp forests) in clear, shallow, oceans, requiring nutrient rich water below about 20°C. It is known for its high growth rate - the genus Macrocystis grows up to 30 cm per day, to a total length of up to 60 metres. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Morphology 2 Prominent species 3 Uses 4 Interactions 5 See also Morphology Kelp grows in the form of long stalks, with leaflike blades at regular intervals. Each blade is supported by a.
Heterokont - major line of algae. They vary from the multicellular brown algae, such as kelp, to the unicellular diatoms which are a primary component in plankton. The name comes from the distinctive structure of motile cells, which have two unequal flagella, found at some point in the life cycle of most heterokonts, for instance as zoospores or gametes if not as the normal vegetative form. The two flagella are inserted subapically or laterally, and are generally supported by four microtubule roots in a distinctive pattern. The anterior or tinsel flagellum is covered with lateral bristles or mastigonemes, which create a backwards current when it moves, pulling the cell forward. The other flagellum is smooth, and usually smaller, sometimes reduced to a basal body. There are a number of variations on this basic.
Goose - Anser or Chen (depending on authority cited) Snow Goose Anser caerulescens or Chen caerulescens Ross's Goose, A. rossii or C. rossii Emperor Goose, A. canagicus or C. canagica Genus Branta, Black Geese Brent Goose Branta bernicla Barnacle Goose B. leucopsis Canada Goose B. canadensis Red-breasted Goose B. ruficollis Néné or Hawaiian Goose, B. sandvicensis Genus Cereopsis Cape Barren Goose, Cereopsis novaehollandiae There are a number of mainly southern hemisphere birds named as geese which are more corrrectly placed with the shelducks in the Tadorninae. These are: Andean Goose, Chloephaga melanoptera Upland Goose, Chloephaga picta Kelp Goose, Chloephaga hybrida Ashy-headed Goose, Chloephaga poliocephala Ruddy-headed Goose, Chloephaga rubidiceps Orinoco Goose, Neochen jubata Egyptian Goose, Alopochen aegyptiacus The odd Magpie Goose is in a family of its own, the Anseranatidae. The Anseriformes and the.
Gull - Olrog's Gull, Larus atlanticus Black-tailed Gull, Larus crassirostris Grey Gull, Larus modestus Heermann's Gull, Larus heermanni White-eyed Gull, Larus leucophthalmus Sooty Gull, Larus hemprichii Common Gull or Mew Gull, Larus canus Audouin's Gull, Larus audouinii Ring-billed Gull, Larus delawarensis California Gull, Larus californicus Great Black-backed Gull, Larus marinus Kelp Gull, Larus dominicanus Glaucous-winged Gull, Larus glaucescens Western Gull, Larus occidentalis Yellow-footed Gull, Larus livens Glaucous Gull, Larus hyperboreus Iceland Gull, Larus glaucoides Thayer's Gull, Larus thayeri Herring Gull, Larus argentatus American Herring Gull, Larus smithsonianus Yellow-legged Gull, Larus michahelis Caspian Gull, Larus cachinnans East Siberian Herring Gull, Larus vegae Armenian Gull, Larus armenicus Slaty-backed Gull, Larus schistisagus Lesser Black-backed Gull, Larus fuscus Great Black-headed Gull, Larus ichthyaetus Brown-headed Gull, Larus brunnicephalus Grey-headed Gull, Larus cirrocephalus Hartlaub's Gull, Larus hartlaubii Silver Gull,.
Flatulence - most non-Caucasian humans), intestinal bacteria feeding on lactose can give rise to excessive gas production. Another source of excessive gas production in the stomach is stress. Stressful situations can cause the stomach to produce gas. Also, not only does tight clothing cause a gassy stomach to be painful, it also can contribute to the production of gas. Natural palliatives Certain spices counteract the production of intestinal gas, most notably cumin, caraway and the closely related ajwain, turmeric, asafoetida (hing) and kombu (a Japanese culinary seaweed closely related to kelp). Many people notice that if they reduce their intake of most refined carbohydrates such as rice, pasta, potatoes, and breads, their stomach gas production decreases significantly. Health effects A European study into the effect flatulence has on general health, did not find.
Ethylene dibromide - occurs naturally in small amounts in the ocean where it is formed, probably by algae and kelp. It is a colorless liquid with a mild, sweet odor. Other names for 1,2-dibromoethane are ethylene dibromide, EDB, and glycol bromide. Trade names include Bromofume and Dowfume. 1,2-Dibromoethane has been used as a pesticide in soil, and on citrus, vegetable, and grain crops. Most of these uses have been stopped by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) since 1984. Another major use was as an additive in leaded gasoline; however, since leaded gasoline is now banned, it is no longer used for this purpose. Uses today include treatment of logs for termites and beetles, control of moths in beehives, and as a preparation for dyes and waxes. Health effects Normal exposure to 1,2-dibromoethane is generally.
Exxon Valdez oil spill - the largest in U.S. history, and its remote location (accessible only by helicopter and boat) made government and industry response efforts difficult and tested existing plans for dealing with such an event. The region was habitat for salmon, sea otters, sealss, and sea birds. A trial burn was conducted during the early stages of the spill, in a region of the spill isolated from the rest by a fire-resistant boom. The test was relatively successful, but because of unfavorable weather no additional burning was attempted in this cleanup effort. Mechanical cleanup was started shortly afterward using booms and skimmers, but the skimmers were not readily available during the first 24 hours following the spill and thick oil and kelp tended to clog the equipment. Transferring oil from temporary storage vessels into.
Dashi - form of dashi is a simple broth or stock made by heating kelp (konbu) and katsuobushi (flakes of dried smoked bonito fish) in water and then straining the resultant broth. Dashi forms the base for miso soup, Japanese noodle broth, and many Japanese simmering liquids. Fresh dashi made from kelp and katsuobushi is rare today, even in Japan. Most people use granulated or liquid instant substitutes. Other kinds of dashi stock are made by soaking kelp, shiitake, or niboshi in water for many hours or heating them in water nearly to boiling and then straining the resultant broth. Kelp stock or konbu dashi is made by soaking kelp, or sea tangle, in water. Shiitake dashi stock is made by soaking dried shiitake mushrooms in water. Niboshi dashi stock is made by.
Taranga - body in her hair laid him by the waves. Some sea-creatures cared for him, hiding him in kelp until a storm sent him back to the beach. His ancestor, Tama-Rangi, found him and brought him back to life, and educated him. Maui wandered into a meeting house on day and recognized his brothers, who stood behind their mother. Taranga did know who she was until he reminded him. The next morning, Taranga disappeared and he found her in the underworld. Taking the shape of a wood pigeon, Maui descended after her and found her with his father, Makea-Tutara, the king of the underworld. Taranga introduced them and he prophesied that Maui would be a great hero, then tried and failed at making him immortal. Alternative: Bua-Taranga (Samoa).
Tadorninae - whether the sexes are alike, even within a single genus . There are 19 surviving species, divided into 7 genera: Cyanochen Blue-winged Goose Cyanochen cyanopterus (Ethiopia) Chloephaga sheldgeese (South America, 5 species) Andean Goose Chloephaga melanoptera Magellan Goose Chloephaga picta Kelp Goose Chloephaga hybrida Ashy-headed Goose Chloephaga poliocephala Ruddy-headed Goose Chloephaga rubidiceps Neochen Orinoco Goose Neochen jubata (South America) Alopochen Egyptian Goose Alopochen aegyptiacus (Africa) Tadorna shelducks, 7 species Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea Cape Shelduck Tadorna cana Australian Shelduck Tadorna tadornoides Paradise Shelduck Tadorna variegata Crested Shelduck Tadorna cristata Common Shelduck Tadorna tadorna Radjah Shelduck Tadorna radjah Lophonetta Crested Duck Lophonetta specularioides (South America) Tachyeres steamer ducks (South America 4 species). Flying Steamer Duck Tachyeres patachonicus Magellanic Flightless Steamer Duck Tachyeres pteneres White-headed Flightless Steamer Duck Tachyeres leucocephalus Falkland Flightless Steamer.
Alginin - Alginin is an edible natural gum obtained from kelp, mainly the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera. It absorbs water quickly, which makes it useful as an additive in dehydrated products such as slimming aids, and in the manufacture of paper and textiles. It is also used for waterproofing and fireproofing fabrics, for thickening drinks, ice cream and cosmetics, and as a detoxifier that can absorb poionous metals from the blood. It is often used in the form of sodium alginate paste, or alginic acid. Calcium alginate is used in burns dressings that promote healing and can be removed painlessly..
Asterias - phylum Echinodermata and are starfish. Asterias can be found on rocks, kelp and mussel beds, sand, and mudflats. They feed on gastropods and bivalves by means of engulfment. They prey on bivalves by use or their tube-feet to adhere to the valves with a strong grip. Eventually the valves of the shell are pried far enough apart to allow Asterias to evert some of it's stomach folds out through the mouth and into the gap. A unique feature of Echinoderms is their water vascular system. Starfish exhibit a unique body symmetry known as Pentamerism. The Asterias skeleton is made up of many crystals of calcium carbonate. Asterias also has individual crystals which are modified into spines and have stalked pedicellariae scattered over their aboral surface. Asterias has the ability to reproduce.
Big Sur - collision of coastal mountain ranges, such as the Santa Lucia Range, with the Pacific Ocean. Throughout much of Big Sur, this produces dramatic sea cliffs and undersea kelp forests. The mountains squeeze most of the moisture out of the clouds, creating a favorable environment for forests, including the southernmost habitat of the famous coast redwood. Farther inland, the forests disappear and the vegetation becomes more scrubby. The first Europeans to see Big Sur were the Spanish conquistadores, who called it el Sur Grande, or the Big South. They built a series of missionss there, but otherwise took little interest. Under Americann rule, the prohibiting terrain kept settlers out, except for a few ranchers. It remains sparsely populated today, over six decades after the Pacific Coast Highway was put through with the.
Bladder - refers to the urinary bladder, but the term is generic, i.e. gallbladder. Zeppelins are kept buoyant by gas bladders, for example, as are many species of kelp..
Bromomethane - gas with no distinctive smell. It occurs naturally in small amounts in the ocean where it is formed, probably by algae and kelp, but is manufactured for industrial use by reacting methanol with hydrobromic acid. Its chemical properties are quite similar to those of chloromethane. Other names for bromomethane are methyl bromide, mono-bromomethane, and methyl fume. Trade names include Embafume and Terabol. Bromomethane is used to kill a variety of pests including rats, insects, and fungi. It is also used to make other chemicals or as a solvent to get oil out of seeds, and wool. Health effects If you breathe bromomethane you may develop a headache and begin to feel weak and nauseated several hours later. If you breathe large amounts, fluid may build up in your lungs and it.
The Lazarus Effect - Spoilers follow The Lazarus Effect continues the story of the planet Pandora that began in The Jesus Incident. The sentient kelp is extinct, Ship is gone, there is no more dry land, the majority of humanity is heavily mutated from the genetic experiments performed by Jesus Lewis, and a power hungry mad man is attempting to control the planet. Fortunately the kelp is returning and this time Avata doesn't remain passive while people refuse to WorShip..
Seaweed - Seaweeds may have an appearance that resembles a non-arboreal terrestrial plants. frond or thallus: the algal body blade: a flattened structure that is somewhat leaf-like sorus: spore cluster on Fucus -- Air bladders: float-assist device (on blade) on kelp -- floats: float-assist device (in between blade and stipe) stipe: a stem-like structure holdfast: specialized basal structure providing attachment to the bottom Uses Seaweeds are used extensively as food by coastal peoples, most particularly in Japan but also in Korea, in Peru and in the Canadian Maritimes. For example, nori is a dried red alga, formed into sheets, and used to wrap sushi. Irish moss is another red alga used in producing various food additives. Other seaweeds may be used as seaweed fertiliser. References Smith, G.M. 1944. Marine Algae of the Monterey.
Sea urchin - be pointed in any direction. In most urchins, a light touch elicits a prompt and visible reaction from the spines, which converge toward the point that has been touched. A sea urchin has no visible eyes, legs or means of propulsion, but it can move freely over surfaces by means of its adhesive tube feet, working in conjunction with its spines. The spiness, which in some species are long and sharp, serve to protect the urchin from predators. Sea urchins feed mainly on algae. The spines can inflict a painful wound on a human who steps on one, but they are not seriously dangerous and it is not clear that the spines are truly venomous (unlike the pedicellariae between the spines, which are). Sea urchin is one of the favorite foods.
Seaweed fertiliser - seaweed is its salt content. Whilst it is unlikely that you will add sufficient seaweed to seriously upset the balances of salt in your soil, it is not liked by worms, who will not live in it. It can be hosed down before adding to the soil to reduce the salt content. Seaweed, particularly bladderwrack, kelp or laminaria, can be either applied to the soil as a mulch (although it will tend to break down very quickly) or can be added to the compost heap, where it is an excellent activator. In terms of soil structure it does not add a great deal of bulk, but it's jelly like alginate content helps to bind soil crumbs together, and it contains all soil nutrients (0.3% N, 0.1% P, 1.0% K, plus a.
Sea monster - made with imagined survivors among the giant marine reptiles of the Jurassic and Cretaceous (see under ichthyosaur and plesiosaur). The alleged plesiosaur netted by a Japanese trawler off New Zealand caused a sensation in 1977 and was immortalized on a Japanese postage stamp, before it turned out to be the decomposing carcass of a basking shark. Likewise DNA testing confirmed that a sea monster washed up on Fortune Bay, Newfoundland in August 2001 was a sperm whale. Another modern example of a "sea monster" was the strange creature washed up on the Chilean sea shore in July 2003. It was first described as a "mammoth jellyfish as long as a bus" but was later determined to be the corpse of a sperm whale. It is likely that many other reports of.
