Kemal Atatürk - Kemal Atatürk Kemal Atatürk (March 12, 1881 - November 10, 1938), Turkish soldier and statesman, was the founder and first President of the Republic of Turkey. Some consider him one of the most progressive reformist figures in Turkish history; others, especially many conservative Muslims, remember him as a traitor to the Islamic faith. Born in Salonika (Thessaloniki) as Mustafa Kemal (later given the title Pasha), he entered the military secondary school in Salonika in 1893 and the military academy at Monastir (now Bitola) in 1895. After playing a minor role in the Balkan Wars of 1912 - 1913, he gained a major victory by repulsing the Allied invasion of Gallipoli in 1915. Kemal organized the Turkish Nationalist Republican Party in 1919 from local resistance groups. This.
Kemal Dervis - Kemal Dervis Kemal Dervis was the Minister of State responsible for economy in Turkey during Bülent Ecevit's last government. He was called from World Bank to be the minister by Ecevit since Turkey was in its most critic economic crisis. He was the vice president of World Bank before. He is now an ordinary senator of Turkish Parlement as a member of CHP. (Republican People Party)which is opposition party of AKP (Justice and Development Party) which has the power now..
History of Turkey - of the republic on October 29, 1923 (The Republic was declared on January 20, 1921), from the Turkish remnants of the Ottoman Empire, with Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk) as its first president. The government was formed from the Ankara-based revolutionary group, led by Atatürk, which had defeated Greece in western Turkey. The Treaty of Lausanne, signed on July 24, 1923, and negotiated by Ismet Pasha (Inönü) on behalf of the Ankara government, established most of the modern boundaries of the country. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Atatürk's Reforms 2 Politics in the era of Kemal 3 After Atatürk 4 1990s Atatürk's Reforms On March 3, 1924, the National Assembly abolished the ministry of sacred law, all schools were placed under the ministry of education and a new constitution was approved on April.
Young Turks - in Central Asia. 'Young Turks' has subsequently become a slang term for any group of young usurpers, although this is usually used facetiously (i.e. 'Ash were the young turks of the Britpop scene'). Political correctness and an increasing popular fascination with the Armenian Genocide has helped to cause this phrase to fall out of fashion. See also: Ottoman Empire#Internal Collapse Kemal Ataturk.
Ataturk International Airport - international airport that was named after the father of modern Turkey, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. It lies 15 km southwest of downtown Istanbul, on the European portion of the city. Ataturk International Airport is a large international airport, with two terminals, one domestic and one international. The international one was inaugurated in 2001, and is considered one of the most efficient and modern terminals in the world. The domestic terminal, although very crowded when it used to be the international, is now spacious, despite a 1970s design. The airport has two runways, one of them oriented N-S and the other NE-SW. Main Terminal Adria Airways Aeroflot Aero Lloyd Air France Alitalia Ariana Afghan Airlines Atlas Jet Azerbaijan Airlines British Airways Cyrus Turkish Airlines Delta Air Lines El Al Emirates Eurasia Air Company.
Republican People's Party (Turkey) - 550 seats in the Great National Assembly of Turkey. Before 2002 it had been the governing party. It was founded in 1923 by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, and was the sole political party in Turkey until 1946. It is currently led by Deniz Baykal. See also: Politics of Turkey, List of political parties in Turkey..
Music of Turkey - music and other expression remain. Turkish classical music was the country's best-known musical export at the time, but was considered too Arab by Kemal Atatürk's government. He banned Arabic language musical films and promoted halk music, a generic term for multiple varieties of Anatolian folk music. The policy was short-lived. By 1976, sanat (a form of classical art music) had undergone a renaissance and the State Conservatoire in Istanbul was founded to give classical musicians the same support as folk musicians. The 1980s saw President Turgut Özal liberalize media regulations, and pop, rock, hip hop and arabesk music made inroads into mainstream Turkish music. Kurdish language music was also allowed for the first time, and religious Sufi music, especially Mevlevi ayin (whirling dervishes). Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Pop music 2.
List of Presidents of Turkey - a list of Turkish presidents since the fall of the Ottoman Empire. Mustafa Kemal Ataturk: (October 29, 1923 - November 10, 1938) Mustafa Abdülhalik Renda: (acting) (November 10, 1938 - November 11, 1938) Mustafa Ismet Inonu: (November 11, 1938 - May 22, 1950) Celal Bayar: (May 22, 1950 - May 27, 1960) Cemal Gursel: (May 27, 1960 - March 28, 1966) Cevdet Sunay: (March 28, 1966 - March 29, 1973) Tekin Ariburun: (acting) (March 29, 1973 - April 6, 1973) Fahri Koruturk: (April 6, 1973 - April 6, 1980) Ihsan Sabri Çaglayangil: (acting) (April 6, 1980 - September 12, 1980) Kenan Evren: (September 12, 1980 - November 9, 1989) Turgut Ozal: (November 9, 1989 - April 17, 1993) Hüsamettin Cindoruk: (acting) (April 17, 1993 - May 16, 1993) Suleyman Demirel: (May.
RK - RK RK may stand for: Röda Korset (Swedish Red Cross) Runge-Kutta methods Linux/RK (Resource Kernel) [1].
Rk 62 - Rk 62 Valmet Rk 62 (Rynnäkkökivääri 62 or M-62) is an assault rifle is used by Finnish infantry. This reliable infantry weapon was designed in 1962 and is based on Russian AK-47 design. M-62 uses 7.62x39 mm bullets. The first version called the Rk 60 was produced in 1960 and was internally almost an copy of the AK-47. It featured a metallic buttstock, a plastic handguard and pistol grip. After testing by the military, it was slightly modified and adapted as the Rk 62. Different version of the weapon include the Rk 76, which is a version with a stamped steel receiver that reduces the weight to 3,5 kg. The latest version is called Rk 95TP and it has a folding stock. It is currently used.
Kamal Jumblatt - Kamal Jumblatt (alternative spellings include Kemal Djumblatt, Kamal Janbulat, and Kamal Joumblatt) (December 6, 1917 - 1977) is the founder of the Progressive Socialist Party in Lebanon. He is member of the Druze religion. Kamal Jumblatt was a dedicated socialist who advocated land reform. He wanted to break up large land holdings and give tenant farmers a chance to own the land they worked. Kamal Jumblatt was assassinated in 1977..
Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi - with God can be attained in a dance and music ceremony called sema. Sema represents a mystical journey of man's spiritual ascent through mind and love to "Perfect." Turning towards the truth, his growth through love, desert his ego, find the truth and arrive to the "Perfect," then he return from this spiritual journey as a man who reached maturity and a greater perfection, so as to love and to be of service to the whole of creation, to all creatures without discrimination as to belief, race, class or national origin. The Mevlevi were a well established Sufi Order in the Ottoman Empire and many of the members of the Order served in various official positions of the Caliphate. The centre for the Mevlevi order is in Konya in Turkey, where.
Islamism - 1.2 Sayed Abul ala Mawdudi 1.3 The Muslim Brotherhood 1.4 Islamic Jihad movements 1.5 Wahhabism 2 Modern Islamism 3 Islamist movements 4 External Links 5 Further reading History of Islamism Islamist movements developed during the twentieth century in reaction to several forces. Following World War I and the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, and the subsequent dissolution of the Caliphate by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk (founder of Turkey), some Muslims perceived their religion as in retreat, and felt that Western ideas were spreading throughout Muslim society, along with the influence of Western nations. During the 1960s, the predominant ideology within the Arab world was pan-Arabism which deemphasized religion and emphasized the creation of a socialist, secular state based on Arab nationalism rather than Islam. Governments based on Arab nationalism have found themselves.
Islam as a political movement - particular. The term radical Islamist has come into use in propaganda to deliberately confuse the difference between radical and fundamentalist views, and militant actions. Radical, as an adjective, implies a return to fundamentals. So does the term fundamentalist. Neither implies militant stances or violent actions. The Mennonite sect in Christianity, for instance, is both radical and fundamentalist, but is neither militant nor violent. It is always problematic to assign any one ideology to a religion, whether in advocating or opposing it. In part what makes a religion durable is its ability to bend with the political times. In the United States in the 1960s for instance there was deep convergence between liberal white Christian churches, more conservative black churches, and civil rights movement activism - all saw racism as a common.
Habib Bourguiba - of Tunisia from 1957-1987. He is likened to a Tunisian Kemal Atatürk because of the pro-Western reforms enacted during his administration. Bourguiba was installed as president in 1957 after the overthrow of Tunisia's constitutional monarch. Regarded as an ideological moderate, he promoted secularism and and women's rights. He was chosen as President for Life by the Tunisian parliament in 1975. His presidency was terminated when his old age and increasing senility caused Prime Minister Zine El Abidine Ben Ali to stage a coup against his government. This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by fixing it..
Hatay - but instead was part of the French mandate over Syria following World War One. The area was a multi-ethnic melting pot of Turks, Arabs, Maronites, Armenians, Jews, and Greeks. Mustafa Kemal Ataturk desired that it become part of Turkey, claiming that the plurality of its citizens were Turkish. A League of Nations inquiry and plebiscite bore him out, and, after negotiations with a French government wary of getting involved in an overseas conflict while Germany posed a clear military threat on its immediate borders, gave Hatay its independence in 1938. The Republic of Hatay was independent for one year, after which it voted for unification with Turkey. Syria does not recognize the incorporation of Hatay within Turkey..
History of Greece - newly independent Greek State, exerted strong influence on the early Greek state. At independence, Greece had an area of 47,515 square kilometers, and its northern boundary extended from the Gulf of Volos to the Gulf of Arta. The Ionian Islands were added in 1864 as a gift from Great Britain to the new King George I; Thessaly and part of Epirus in 1881; Macedonia, Crete, Epirus, and the Aegean Islands in 1913; Western Thrace in 1918; and the Dodecanese Islands in 1947. Greece entered World War I in 1917 on the side of the Allies. After the war, Greece took part in the Allied occupation of Turkey, where many Greeks (more than two million) still lived. In 1921, the Greek army attacked Turkey from its base in Smyrna (now Izmir), and.
History of the Kurds - Kurds from the Hakkiari and Bohtan districts. The system of administration introduced by Idris remained unchanged until the close of the Russo-Turkish War of 1828-29. But the Kurds, owing to the remoteness of their country from the capital and the decline of Turkey, had greatly increased in influence and power, and had spread westwards over the country as far as Angora. After the war the Kurds attempted to free themselves from Turkish control, and in 1834 it became necessary to reduce them to subjection. This was done by Reshid Pasha. The principal towns were strongly garrisoned, and many of the Kurd beys were replaced by Turkish governors. A rising under Bedr Khan Bey in 1843 was firmly repressed, and after the Crimean War the Turks strengthened their hold on the country..
Uday Hussein - father, Uday fell out of favor with Saddam for his extravagance and recklessness. In October 1988, at a party thrown in the honor of the wife of Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak, Uday beat to death one of his father's favorite servants, Kemal Hana Gegeo. Gegeo had recently introduced Saddam to a beautiful, younger woman who later became Saddam's second wife. Uday took this as an insult to his mother, Saddam's cousin and first wife. Uday carried out the murder cooly and coldly, bludgeoning Gegeo to death in front of horrified guests. President Mubarak later called Uday a "psychopath." As punishment for his homicidal rage, Saddam briefly imprisoned Uday. As a result of personal intervention from King Hussein I of Jordan, Saddam released Uday, banishing him to Switzerland. Saddam made him the.
Gallipoli - the western end of the Peninsula (today officially called Anzac Cove). The campaign ended in stalemate with the Anzacs being evacuated on December 19, 1915. There were around 180,000 Allied casualties and 220,000 Turkish casualties. This campaign has become a "founding myth" for both Australia and New Zealand, and Anzac Day is still commemorated as a holiday in both countries. The Gallipoli campaign also gave an important boost to the career of Mustafa Kemal, a little known army commander who exceeded his authority and contravened orders in order to halt the Allied advance and eventually drive them back. Mustafa Kemal, who eventually changed his name to Kemal Atatürk, became the founder of the modern Turkish state after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire. See also: Battle of Gallipoli -- Gallipoli (1981.
