Kingdom of Jerusalem - Kingdom of Jerusalem The Kingdom of Jerusalem was a short-lived country established in the 12th century by the First Crusade. Foundation and Early History The kingdom came into being with the Crusader capture of Jerusalem in 1099. Godfrey of Bouillon refused, however, to take the title of King, saying that no man should wear a crown where Christ had worn his crown of thorns; instead, he took the title Defender of the Holy Sepulchre. But Godfrey died the next year, and his brother and successor, Baldwin I, was not so scrupulous, having himself immediately crowned King of Jerusalem. Baldwin successfully expanded the Kingdom, capturing the port cities of Acre, Sidon, and Beirut, and also exerted his suzerainty over the other Crusader States to the north -.
Kingdom of Judah - Kingdom of Judah In the Old Testament, the Kingdom of Judah is the nation formed from the territories of the tribes of Judah and Benjamin after the Kingdom of Israel was divided. It is often called the Southern Kingdom to distinguish it from the tribe of Judah. Its capital was Jerusalem. See History of ancient Israel and Judah. This article is about what the Bible says. For how this relates to history, see The Bible and history. When the disruption took place at Shechem, at first only the tribe of Judah followed the house of David. But very soon after the tribe of Benjamin joined the tribe of Judah, and Jerusalem became the capital of the new kingdom (Joshua 18:28), which was called the kingdom of.
Kingdom of Israel - Kingdom of Israel The Kingdom of Israel is the nation formed from the descendants of Jacob, who is also known as Israel. Following the death of Solomon, this kingdom was divided into a Northern Kingdom known as Israel and a Southern Kingdom known as Judah. See also History of ancient Israel and Judah. Soon after the death of Solomon, Ahijah's prophecy (1 Kings 11:31-35) was fulfilled, and the kingdom was rent in twain. Rehoboam, the son and successor of Solomon, was scarcely seated on his throne when the old jealousies between Judah and the other tribes broke out anew, and Jeroboam was sent for from Egypt by the malcontents (12:2,3). Rehoboam insolently refused to lighten the burdensome taxation and services which his father had imposed on.
Kingdom of Cyprus - Kingdom of Cyprus The Kingdom of Cyprus was a Roman Catholic Crusader kingdom on the island of Cyprus in the late Middle Ages. The island was conquered from Isaac Comnenus, a rival Byzantine emperor, in 1191 by King Richard I of England during the Third Crusade. Richard then sold it to the Knights Templar, who in turn sold it to King Guy of Jerusalem in 1192 after the failure of Richard's crusade. A small minority Roman Catholic population of the island was mainly confined to the coastal cities, such as Nicosia and Famagusta but remained in control, while the Greek inhabitants lived in the countryside; this was much the same as the arrangement in the Kingdom of Jerusalem. The independent Eastern Orthodox Church of Cyprus, with.
Kingdom of Heaven (movie) - Kingdom of Heaven (movie) Kingdom of Heaven is a movie announced for release in 2005, to be directed by Ridley Scott, and starring Russell Crowe, Ben Kingsley, and Orlando Bloom. Its story deals with the Crusades of the 12th century, and involves a blacksmith who aids the city of Jerusalem in its defense against the Christian invaders..
Kingdom of Armenia - Kingdom of Armenia Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Princes, Kings and Queens of Armenia 1.1 Princes of Armenia (1080-1198) 1.2 Kings and Queens of Armenia (1198-1464) 2 Bibliography Princes, Kings and Queens of Armenia Princes of Armenia (1080-1198) Ruben (or Rupen) I, Prince of Armenia (1080-1095) Constantine I (1095 - 1102) Thoros I (1102 - 1129) Constantine II (1129) Leo (or Leon) I (1129 - 1140) Stephen I (1140 - 1144) Thoros II (1144 - 1169) Ruben (or Rupen) II (1169 - 1170) Mleh (1170-1175) Ruben (or Rupen) III (1175-1187) Leo (or Leon) II (1187 - 1198) and King of Armenia (1198 - 1219) Kings and Queens of Armenia (1198-1464) In 1198 Leo II became King of Armenia. From here on, they are Kings of Armenia.
Jerusalem - Jerusalem For alternate uses see Jerusalem (disambiguation) Jerusalem (Hebrew: Yerushalayim ירושלים; Arabic: al-Quds), the current capital of Israel and the ancient capital of the Kingdom of Israel and Kingdom of Judah, is one of the most disputed territories in the world. Israel declared Jerusalem its capital in 1950, and it is the location of its presidential residence and parliament, but this status is not internationally recognized and most countries maintain their embassies in Tel Aviv. It is a key city in the religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It is located on the border with the West Bank. The city displays a magnificent contrast between ancient and modern and has a multicultural, multi-ethnic population. The ancient city is surrounded by walls and has four quarters: Jewish,.
Jerusalem (disambiguation) - Jerusalem (disambiguation) Jerusalem is the capital of the State of Israel; it is also claimed by the Palestinian Authority. Jerusalem is also the name of: A town in New York, see Jerusalem, New York A village in Ohio, see Jerusalem, Ohio A medieval crusader state, see Kingdom of Jerusalem A popular English hymn, see And did those feet in ancient time A song by Dan Bern, see Jerusalem (song) A village on the Whanganui River in New Zealand Jerusalem, New Zealand This is a disambiguation page. If you followed a link here, you might want to go back and fix the link..
Hugh I of Jerusalem - Hugh I of Jerusalem Hugh I of Jerusalem (Hugh III of Cyprus) (died 1284), was the son of Isabella of Cyprus (daughter of Hugh I of Cyprus) and Henry of Antioch. He became King of Jerusalem on the execution of Conradin in 1268. His claim to the throne of Jerusalem was challenged by Charles of Anjou. He was married to Isabella of Ibelin. He had six children: John (died 1285) who succeeded him as King of Jerusalem and Cyprus. Henry (died 1306) who succeeded John as King Amalric of Tyre (died 1310) who succeeded Henry as King Guy, father of Hugh IV of Cyprus Margaret, who married Thoros III of Armenia Maria, who married James of Sicily This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by.
Fulk of Jerusalem - Fulk of Jerusalem Fulk of Anjou, king of Jerusalem (1092-1143), was the son of Fulk IV, count of Anjou, and his wife Bertrada (who ultimately deserted her husband and became the mistress of Philip I of France). He became count of Anjou (as Fulk V) in 1109. He was originally an opponent of Henry I of England and a supporter of Louis VI of France, but in 1127 he allied with Henry when Henry arranged for his daughter Matilda to marry Fulk's son Geoffrey Plantagenet. Fulk visited the Holy Land in 1120, and become a close friend of the Templars. After his return he began to subsidize the Templars and also maintained two knights in the Holy Land for a year. In 1128 he was preparing to.
Yolande of Jerusalem - Yolande of Jerusalem Yolande of Brienne (1212 - 1228), also known as Yolanda or Isabella, inherited the Kingdom of Jerusalem as an infant in 1212. She was the daughter of John of Brienne and Maria of Montferrat. Because John did not have a direct claim on the throne, Yolande succeeded Maria upon Maria's death in 1212. John ruled as regent until 1225, when she married Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor. Frederick claimed the kingdom for himself; when Yolande died after giving birth to their son Conrad in 1228, Frederick ruled as regent, settling a truce with the Muslims in 1229 during the Sixth Crusade. Preceded by: John of Brienne Kingdom of Jerusalem Followed by: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor.
Amalric I of Jerusalem - Amalric I of Jerusalem Amalric I (also Amaury or Aimery) (1136-1174) was king of Jerusalem from 1162 to 1174. Amalric was the son of Fulk of Jerusalem, and the brother of Baldwin III. He was married twice, first to Agnes of Edessa, with whom he had two children, Baldwin IV and Sibylla. With his second wife, Maria Comnena, daughter of Byzantine emperor Manuel I Comnenus, he had a daughter, Isabella, who became Queen of Jerusalem and married Amalric of Lusignan, afterwards Amalric II. The reign of Amalric I was focused on Egypt. Both Amalric and Nur ad-Din, ruler of Mosul, Aleppo, and Damascus, wanted control of Fatimid caliphs of Egypt; the crusaders had wanted to conquer Egypt since the days of Baldwin I, and even Godfrey of.
Amalric II of Jerusalem - Amalric II of Jerusalem Amalric II, king of Jerusalem from 1197 to 1205, was the brother of Guy of Lusignan. He had been constable of Jerusalem, but in 1194, on the death of his brother, he became king of Cyprus, as Amalric I. He married Isabella, the daughter of Amalric I of Jerusalem by his second marriage, and became king of Jerusalem in right of his wife in 1197. In 1198 he was able to procure a five years' truce with the Muslims, owing to the struggle between Saladin's brothers and his sons for the inheritance of his territories. The truce was disturbed by raids on both sides, but in 1204 it was renewed for six years. Amalric died in 1205, just after his son and just before.
Baldwin I of Jerusalem - Baldwin I of Jerusalem Baldwin of Bourcq (died 1118), count of Edessa (1098—1100), and first king of Jerusalem (1100—1118), was the brother of Godfrey of Bouillon. As the younger brother of Godfrey, Baldwin was originally a clerk-in-orders, and held several church properties. In 1096 he joined the First Crusade, and accompanied his brother Godfrey as far as Heraclea in Asia Minor. When Tancred left the main body of the crusaders at Heraclea and marched into Cilicia, Baldwin followed him, partly in jealousy, and partly from the same politics that motivated Tancred. In September of 1097 he took Tarsus from Tancred, and installed his own garrison in the city. After rejoining the main army at Marash, he received an invitation from an Armenian named Pakrad, and moved eastwards.
Baldwin III of Jerusalem - Baldwin III of Jerusalem Baldwin III (1130-1162) was king of Jerusalem from 1143-1162. He was the eldest son of Fulk of Jerusalem and Melisende. He became king in 1143, under the regency of his mother, which lasted till 1152. At the beginning of his reign the Byzantine Empire was attempting to impose its influence over the Principality of Antioch in Cilicia, and Zengi of Mosul had invaded the County of Edessa. His reign marks the beginning of the decline of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, although it was still prosperous at the time. In 1144 Edessa was captured by Zengi. The fall of the county lead to the call for the Second Crusade in Europe, which arrived in 1147. Baldwin welcomed Conrad III and Louis VII in Jerusalem in.
Baldwin IV of Jerusalem - Baldwin IV of Jerusalem Baldwin IV (1161-1185), the son of Amalric I of Jerusalem and his first wife Agnes of Edessa, was king of Jerusalem from 1174 to 1183, when he had his nephew Baldwin V crowned in his place. Baldwin IV was educated by William of Tyre, and came to the throne at the age of thirteen. Because he was not old enough to rule by himself the kingdom came under the regency of Raymond III of Tripoli. Fortunately, the greatest enemy of the kingdom at this time, Saladin, was distracted from the weakness of Jerusalem by the sons of Nur ad-Din, from whom he was attempting to take the territory they had inherited from their father. He did not achieve this until 1183, leaving Jerusalem in.
Baldwin V of Jerusalem - Baldwin V of Jerusalem Baldwin V (1177-1186) was the son of Sibylla of Jerusalem and her first husband, William of Montferrat. He was the nominal king of Jerusalem from 1183 to 1186, under the regency of Raymond III of Tripoli. During his reign, Saladin continued to advance into the kingdom, which had been weakened during the reign of the leprous Baldwin IV. Sibylla and her second husband Guy of Lusignan allied with Raynald of Chatillon against Raymond III during Baldwin V's reign, when Baldwin died as a child in 1186 Sibylla became queen with Guy as her consort. Guy, however, had all the real power, and soon faced the final invasion by Saladin that would result in the capture of Jerusalem. and by dissensions between the government.
Baldwin II of Jerusalem - Baldwin II of Jerusalem Baldwin of Bourcq was the cousin of Godfrey of Bouillon and Baldwin of Boulogne. He was one of the major knights who set out on the First Crusade. Baldwin of Boulogne, the first Count of Edessa, appointed Baldwin of Bourcq count when the former became king of Jerusalem in 1100. Baldwin was captured by Seljuk Turks in 1104 after the Battle of Harran, but was ransomed in 1108. Upon the death of his cousin in 1118, he became king of Jerusalem as Baldwin II. Almost immediately, the kingdom was simultaneously invaded by the Seljuks from Syria and the Fatimids from Egypt, although by showing himself ready and willing to defend his territory, Baldwin forced the Muslim army to back down. In 1119, the Crusader.
Sibylla of Jerusalem - Sibylla of Jerusalem Sibylla of Jerusalem (c. 1160 - 1190) was the daughter of Amalric I of Jerusalem and Agnes of Edessa. She was the sister of Baldwin IV. Sibylla had very little personal power, but was instead a pawn in the political alliances in the Kingdom of Jerusalem. Raymond III of Tripoli, who acted as regent for Baldwin IV while Baldwin was still underaged, arranged for Sibylla to marry William of Montferrat in 1177. However, William died later that year, while Sibylla was pregnant with the future Baldwin V. After William's death representatives from Flanders suggested she marry a minor noble from their county, and in 1179 Baldwin of Ramleh, head of the powerful Ibelin family, offered to marry her. However, in 1180 Baldwin IV had.
Kara-Khanid Khanate - to the north and the Seljuks to the south. Influential Kara-Khanid rulers include Mahmoud Tamgach of Kashgar. After the defeat of the Khitan dynasty by the Jin Dynasty (1115-1234) in Northern China, the great Khitan mandarin Yelu Dashi escaped from China with a small band of Khitan soldiers, recruited warriors from Tangut, Tibetan, Qarluk, Karakhoja, Naiman areas and marched westward in search of asylum. Yelu Dashi was accommodated by the hospitable Tangut Western Xia Kingdom and the Buddhist Karakhojas. However, he was shut out by the Muslim Kara-Khanids near Gulja and Kashgar. Enraged, he subjugated Karakhanid states one by one and set up the Kara-Khitan suzereignty in Balasaghun on the Irtysh river, modern day Kazakhstan. The Kara-Khitan Khanate, though harsh on the Muslim Qarluk-Uygurs, did not dispossess all of the Kara-Khanid.
