Kings of Macedon - Kings of Macedon Macedon (also sometimes known as Macedonia) formed an ancient kingdom in the present-day territory of northern Greece, inhabited by a semi-Hellenized people who were seen by the Greeks themselves as close kin. It emerged into prominence in the 4th Century BC when King Philip II conquered the Greek city-states. Philip's son, Alexander the Great, conquered the Persian Empire a few few years later. The Kingdom of Macedon itself soon lost direct control of these vast Asian territories, but it retained its hegemony over Greece itself until defeated by the Romans in the Macedonian Wars (215 - 148 BC). Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Argead Dynasty 2 Antipatrid Dynasty 3 Antigonid Dynasty Argead Dynasty Karanus Koinos Tyrimmas Perdiccas I Aeropus I Alcetas I Amyntas.
Kings of Sparta - Kings of Sparta Sparta was an important Greek city-state in the Peloponnesus. It was unique among Greek city-states in that it maintained its Kingship past the Archaic age. It was even more unusual in that it had two kings simultaneously, coming from two separate lines. According to tradition, the two lines ((the Agiads and Eurypontids) descended from the twins Eurysthenes (the Agiads) and Procles the descendants of Heracles who supposedly conquered Sparta two generations after the Trojan War. Although there are lists of the earlier purported Kings of Sparta, there is little evidence for the existence of any kings before the mid 6th Century BC or so Agiad Kings Eurysthenes Agis I Echestratus Dorissus Agesilaus I Teleclus Alcmenes Polydorus Eurycrates Anaxander Eurycratides Leon Anaxandridas 560-520 BC.
Philip II of Macedon - Philip II of Macedon Philip II (382 BC - 336 BC), King of Macedon (359 BC - 336 BC) Olympionike, was the father of Alexander the Great (Alexander III of Macedon) and Philip III of Macedon. Coin with likeness of Philip II Born in Pella in 382 BC, he was King Amyntas III of Macedon and Queen Eurydice's youngest son, but the deaths of his elder brothers Kings Alexander II of Macedon and Perdiccas III of Macedon allowed him to take the throne in 359 BC. He was originally appointed as Regent till his infant nephew King Amyntas IV of Macedon, Perdiccas' son, reached adulthood, but soon he managed to make himself king. His military skills and expansionist vision of Macedonian greatness brought him early success, and it.
Philip III of Macedon - Philip III of Macedon Philip III (Arrhidaeus)(c. 352 BC - December 25, 317 BC), king of Macedonia(June 10, 323 BC - December 25, 317 BC), was the feeble-minded son of Philip II of Macedonia by Philinna of Larissa, a Thessalian wife, and half-brother of Alexander the Great After his brother's death in June 10, 323 BC he was chosen by the Macedonian army at Babylon to be nominal king and later this year he was joined in the throne by his nephew , the infant Alexander IV of Macedon. Both nominal Kings were put under the protection of a series of Regents. Easily influenced he got involved in a series of conflicts within the Macedonian Royal Court and was eventually killed by order of Olympias (317 BC)..
Macedonia - Macedonia Alternate meanings: Macedon, Macedonia (Greece), the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, places named Macedonia Macedonia is a geographical and historical region of the Balkan peninsula in south-eastern Europe, with an area of around 67,000 square kilometres and a population of 4.65 million. The territory corresponds to the basins of (from west to east) the Aliakmon, Axios and Strimon rivers (of which the Vardar drains by far the largest area) and the plains around Thessaloniki and Serrai. The region is divided between the present-day republics of Greece, with roughly half of the area and population; the Republic of Macedonia, with around 40%; and Bulgaria, with less than a tenth. The Greek part is sometimes referred to as "Makedonia" or "Aegean Macedonia", the Republic of Macedonia as "Vardarska banovina" and.
Macedon - Macedon (This article is about Macedon in Greece. Macedon is also the name of a place in New York State; see Macedon, New York). Macedon is a historical region and former kingdom on the borders of northern Greece, from which Alexander the Great originated, and which provided the initial base for his conquests of Persia, Egypt and the northwestern borderlands of India. Prior to Philip's conquests in the 4th century BC, the kingdom covered the southern half of the modern region of Macedonia (corresponding approximately the modern-day region of Macedonia in Greece). Under king Philip II it incorporated the present-day Greek administrative region of Macedonia and the Monastir (now Bitola) and Gevgelija districts of what is now the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. Out of the.
Vergina - district centre of Veroia and about 80km south-west of Thessaloniki, the capital of Greek Macedonia. It has a population of about a thousand. The town is close to the site of ancient Aigai, once the royal capital of ancient Macedon. The town became internationally famous in 1977, when the Greek archaeologist Manolis Andronikos unearthed what he claimed was the burial site of the kings of Macedon, including the tomb of Philip II, father of Alexander the Great. Although the identification of Phillip II as one of the kings buried there has been disputed, there is no doubt that the site is of great archaeological importance. The Casket believed to be that of Phillip II. The gold casket which Andronikos identified as containing the remains of Phillip II has a symbol of.
History of Bulgaria - Egypt and Mesopotamia, has been found in this region and mainly in the plains to the north and south of the Balkan Range during archaeological excavations. It has been established that the people who lived in the farming communities of the Early and New Stone Age were familiar with metal casting and applied it independently of other early civilizations. BULGARIA'S RELATIONS WITH BYZANTIUM to a large extent determined the political situation in the Balkans. What we have in mind here are not the relations between two Balkan nations. Byzantium was an agglomeration of various ethnic communities - within her borders lived various Hellenized peoples, apart from the Greeks. In the multi-national empire, which stretched across three continents - Europe, Asia and Africa, the dominant language was Greek, which in the seventh.
History of Sparta - Charillus, was to secure the upper Eurotas valley, conquering the border territory of Aegys. Archelaus' son Teleclus is said to have taken Amyclae, Pharis and Geronthrae, thus mastering the central Laconian plain and the eastern plateau which lies between the Eurotas and Mount Parnon: his son, Alcamenes, by the subjugation of Helos, brought the lower Eurotas plain under Spartan rule. About this time, probably, the Argives, whose territory included the whole east coast of the Peloponnese and the island of Cythera (Herodotus i. 82), were driven back, and the whole of Laconia was thus incorporated in the Spartan state. It was not long before a further extension took place. Under Alcamenes and Theopompus a war broke out between the Spartans and the Messenians, their neighbors on the west, which, after a.
History of Greek and Roman Egypt - AD 639. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Ptolemaic Egypt 1.1 Ptolemy I 1.2 Ptolemy II 1.3 Ptolemy III 1.4 The decline of the Ptolemies 1.5 The later Ptolemies 2 Roman Egypt 2.6 Roman rule in Egypt 2.7 Christian Egypt 2.8 Byzantine Egypt 3 Related articles 4 Reference Ptolemaic Egypt In 332 BC Alexander the Great, King of Macedon, conquered Egypt, with little resistance from the Persians. He was welcomed by the Egyptians as a deliverer. He visited Memphis, and went on pilgrimage to the oracle of Amun at the Oasis of Siwa. The oracle had the good sense to declare him to be the son of Amun. He conciliated the Egyptians by the respect which he showed for their religion, but he appointed Greeks to virtually all the senior posts in.
Edessa - Syriac Ourhoļ, in Armenian Ourhaļ in Arabic Er Roha, commonly Orfa or Sanli Urfa, its present name. Seleucus I Nicator, when he refounded the town as a military colony, 303 BC, called it Edessa, in memory of the ancient capital of Macedon of similar name (now Vodena). Under Antiochus IV Epiphanes the town was called Antiochia on Callirhoe by colonists from Antioch who had settled there. On the foundation of the Kingdom of Osroene, Edessa became the capital under the Abgar dynasty. This kingdom was established by Nabataean or Arabic tribes from North Arabia, and lasted nearly four centuries (c.132 BC to 214), under twenty-eight kings. It was at first more or less under the protectorate of the Parthians, then from the time of Pompey under the Romans. Following its capture.
Demosthenes - whether this is fact or merely a legendary example of his perseverance and determination. Either way, Demosthenes became a prominent political orator (speech-maker), making his living through his ability to write and make speeches. He is best-known for his Philippic Orations, urging the populace to rise up and defend their country against Philip II of Macedon, who was steadily gaining power and territory for the Macedonian state. Demosthenes's speaking style was relatively straightforward and generally without rhetorical flair. It was considered somewhat vulgar by the standards of the day, but was nevertheless very popular. He also made use of his body to accentuate his words, and as a result was able to project his ideas and arguments much more forcefully (later famous orators like Henry Clay would mimic this technique). Although.
Aegina - a mint in Aegina. Though this statement is probably to be rejected, it may be regarded as certain that Aegina was the first state of European Greece to coin money. Thus it was the Aeginetans who, within thirty or forty years of the invention of coinage by the Lydians (c. 700 BC), introduced to the western world a system of such incalculable value to trade. The fact that the Aeginetan scale of coins, weights and measures was one of the two scales in general use in the Greek world is sufficient evidence of the early commercial importance of the island. It appears to have belonged to the Eretrian league; hence, perhaps, we may explain the war with Samos, a leading member of the rival Chalcidian league in the reign of King.
Alexander the Great - Alexander the Great Alexander (Alexander III of Macedon; Greek: Alexandros III o Makedon, written Αλέξανδρος Γ' ο Μακεδών, meaning "Defender of Men") (late July , 356 BC - June 10, 323 BC) was King of Macedon; he unified the warring and divided city states of Greece and conquered Persia, Egypt and a number of other kingdoms, all the way to the borders of India. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Early life 2 Period of conquests 3 Legacy and division of the Empire 4 Historical perspective 5 See Also 6 External Links Early life Born Alexander III in Pella, Macedon, he was the son of King Philip II of Macedon and Epirote princess Olympias. According to several legends, Olympias was impregnated not by Philip, who was afraid of her and her affinity.
Antigonid dynasty - dynasty The Antigonid dynasty was a dynasty of Macedonian kings ruling descended from Alexander the Great's general Antigonus I Monophthalmus ("the One-eyed"). Antigonus himself ruled mostly over Asia Minor and northern Syria. His attempts to take control of the whole of Alexander's empire led to his defeat and death at the Battle of Ipsus in 301 BC. Antigonus's son Demetrius I Poliorcetes survived the battle, and managed to seize control of Macedon itself a few years later, but eventually lost his throne, dying in prison. After a period of confusion, Demetrius's son Antigonus II Gonatas was able to establish the family's control over the old Kingdom of Macedon, as well as over most of the Greek city-states, by 276 BC. It was one of three such empires, the others being the.
Arses of Persia - possibly influenced by the nobles of the Royal Court, who generally held Bagoas in contempt, Arses started planning Bagoas' murder. The Vizier again acted first in order to protect himself and managed to poison Arses. Bagoas then raised a cousin of Arses to the throne as King Darius III of Persia. A major concern for Persia during this King's short reign were hostilities on the western borders with Macedonia under Kings Philip II of Macedon and Alexander the Great. This would lead to war between the two states during the reign of Arses' successor. He is known as Arses in greek sources and that seems to be his real name but texts in cuneiform writing report that he had taken the royal name of Artaxerxes IV, following his father and grandfather..
Archons of Athens - archon is unknown are identified as such. Years listed as "anarchy" mean that there was literally "no archon." There are various conflicting reconstructions of lists; sources for this list are given at the end. Note that the term of an archon covered two of our years, beginning in the spring or summer and continuing into the next spring or summer. In 753 BC the perpetual archonship (essentially a kingship, see Kings of Athens) was limited to 10 years (the "decennial archons"): 753 BC-743 BC Charops 743 BC-733 BC Aesimides 733 BC-723 BC Clidicus 723 BC-713 BC Hippomenes 713 BC-703 BC Leocrates 703 BC-693 BC Apsander 693 BC-683 BC Eryxias After 683 BC the archonship was limited to one year. Archons were chosen from the Areopagus council. Year Eponymous Archon Other archons.
Battle of Pydna - Antigonid dynasty represents the start of the true power of Rome, and the end of the Antigonid line, Macedonian kings whose power traces to Alexander the Great. It is often also considered to be the classic example of the Macedonian phalanx vs. Roman legion systems of warfare, with the former proving inferior, though the latter conclusion is not so clear. The Third Macedonian War started in 169 BC after a number of actions on the part of Perseus of Macedon incited Rome to declare war. At first the Romans achieved a number of small victories, largely due to Perseus' refusal to consolidate his armies. By the end of the year the tide had changed dramatically and Perseus had regained most of his losses, including the important religious city of Dion. Perseus.
Boeotia - service at Syracuse and at the Battle of Arginusae; but their greatest achievement was the decisive victory at the Battle of Delium over the Athenian army (424 BC), in which both their heavy infantry and their cavalry displayed unusual efficiency. About this time the Boeotian League comprised eleven groups of sovereign cities and associated townships, each of which elected one Boeotarch or minister of war and foreign affairs, contributed sixty delegates to the federal council at Thebes, and supplied a contingent of about a thousand foot and a hundred horse to the federal army. A safeguard against undue encroachment on the part of the central government was provided in the councils of the individual cities, to which all important questions of policy had to be submitted for ratification. These local councils,.
Cappadocia - us that the name of the Cappadocians (Katpatouka) was applied to them by the Persians, while they were termed by the Greeks "Syrians" or "White Syrians" (Leucosyri). Under the later kings of the Persian empire they were divided into two satrapies or governments, the one comprising the central and inland portion, to which the name of Cappadocia continued to be applied by Greek geographers, while the other was called Pontus. This division had already come about before the time of Xenophon. As after the fall of the Persian government the two provinces continued to be separate, the distinction was perpetuated, and the name Cappadocia came to be restricted to the inland province (sometimes called Great Cappadocia), which alone will be considered in the present article. Cappadocia, in this sense, was bounded.
