Kinyarwanda language - Kinyarwanda language Kinyarwanda is the chief spoken language in Rwanda. It is classified as a Bantu dialect. It is somewhat close to the Kirundi language spoken in the neighboring country, Burundi. Unfortunately, there is little or no resource material for English language speakers to use to learn Kinyarwanda. French language speakers will have more luck, as there are a few books about Kinyarwanda (language and grammar) in French. Example translations Yego = Yes Oya = No Ndabizi = I know Simbizi = I don't know Amazi = water Nda shaka amazi = I'd like water. This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by fixing it..
List of languages - languages is alphabetical by English name. For a more structured list, see Language families and languages, ISO 639 or List of languages by total speakers. Ethnologue lists about 6,800 main languages in its language name index (see the external link) and distinguishs about 41,000 alternate language names and dialects. This is a list of natural and constructed languages spoken by humans. See also a list of programming languages. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A Afrikaans Ainu Albanian Aleut Algonquin Amhara Amharic Anglo-Saxon Apache A-Pucikwar Arabic / عربية (Semitic) Aragonese Aramaic Arawak Armenian Assamese Assyrian Asturian Avestan Azerbaijani B Balochi Bambara Bavarian Basque Belarusian (Slavic) Bemba Berber Bété Biafran Bihari Blackfoot.
ISO 639 - an international standard which lists short codes for language names. See also SIL code. From the ISO official website there are two items for ISO 639: ISO 639-1:2002 Codes for the representation of names of languages -- Part 1: Alpha-2 code ISO 639-2:1998 Codes for the representation of names of languages -- Part 2: Alpha-3 code In other words, there are two-letter codes and three-letter codes. 22 of the languages have two three-letter codes. In these cases, the first code is bibliographic (ISO 639-1/B), and the second code is for terminological use (ISO 639-2/T). See also: language families and languages, list of languages, list of official languages The following list is sorted by language name in the third column. A B C D E F G H I J K L.
Vowel harmony - Vowel harmony In linguistics, a language exhibiting vowel harmony has a phonological rule that requires all vowels in a word to belong to a single class of vowels. The most common types of vowel harmony rules are rules requiring all vowels to be either rounded or unrounded, or requiring all vowels to be either front or back vowels. For example, in the Finnish language, there are three classes of vowels: Front vowels: (/ü/, /ö/, /ć/) Back vowels: (/u/, /o/, /a/) Neutral vowels: (/i/, /e/) [non-low unrounded vowels] And the rule states that words may contain vowels from group 3 and/or vowels from either group 1 or group 2 (but not both 1 and 2). Thus, [tütö], [tütöti], and [tutoti] are permissible, but *[tutöti] and *[tüto] are not. As a.
Tutsi - Burundi in central Africa. They are considered a Hamitic people. The term "Tutsi" is actually an indeterminate term. In the Kinyarwanda language, a single Tutsi is termed batutsi, and more than one (the plural) is termed watutsi. This is the source of the dance name "Watusi". The Watutsi are actually the most recent arrivals in Rwanda and Burundi. The original inhabitants were the Twa (or Watwa), a pygmy people. The Hutu (Wahutu), a Bantu-derived people, subsequently moved in and dominated the Twa. Later yet, the Tutsi immigrated and dominated both the Hutu and the Twa, establishing kingdoms that they ruled. An interesting aspect of these three racial groups is comparative height. The Twa are traditionally short, the Hutu medium, and the Tutsi tall (traditionally; more modern interbreeding is reducing these differences)..
Kanuri language - Kanuri language Kanuri is a Nilo-Saharan language which is spoken by about 4 million people in Nigeria, Niger, Chad and Cameroon. The ISO 639-2 language code is KR..
Kant and the Platypus: Essays on Language and Cognition - Kant and the Platypus: Essays on Language and Cognition Kant and the Platypus : Essays on Language and Cognition is a book by Umberto Eco which was published in Italian in 1997. An English edition, translated by Alastair McEwen, appeared in 1999. The book develops some aspects of Eco's A Theory of Semiotics which came out in 1976. In the first chapter Eco develops Nietzsche's argument that the truth is a poetically elaborated "mobile army of metaphors, metonymies and anthropomorphisms" that subsequently gel into knowledge, "illusions whose illusory nature has been forgotten", as the metaphors are reduced to schemata and concepts. In chapter two, working with ideas derived from Charles Peirce and Immanuel Kant, Eco compares linguistic and perceptual meaning when confronted with the unencountered. Chapter three explores the.
Karelian language - Karelian language Karelian is a variety closely related to Finnish. It belongs to the Finno-Ugric languages, and is chiefly distinguished from standard Finnish by the lack of influence from modern 19th and 20th century Finnish. The Karelian language does not have a standard written form. Karelian has three main dialects: Karelian Proper, Olonets and Ludic. The latter is sometimes classified as a dialect of Veps. The Karelian language is by Finns usually considered a dialect of Finnish, as it is perceived to differ only slightly from standard-Finnish. Others, for instance many foreign linguists and some people in Estonia and Russia, consider the Karelian variety a language of its own (although almost extinct), similarly to how the dialects of Ingria by Finns often are considered dialects of Finnish-proper,.
Kafka's language - Kafka's language One of the most interesting aspects of Kafka's work is that he wrote in Prussian dialect, not German. Prussian literature is uncommon, at best, as Prussian is thought to be a strict, highly technical language-- the language of engineers. (The difference between Prussian and German is akin to the difference between the English of Nabokov's Lolita and that of the Owner's Manual from a '94 Jeep Wrangler.) In this regard, Kafka follows an interesting Jewish literary tradition: the oldest Jewish prayers (e.g. Mourner's Kaddish) and literature (e.g. The Old Testament's Song of Songs, aka the Song of Solomon) are written in Aramaic-- a trade language older than Hebrew. The vast bulk of the Jewish contribution to World Literature and Art, prior to WWII and Shoa.
Kawi language - Kawi language Kawi is an extinct language used by people in island of Java and also Bali. The language has its own unique alphabets for writing..
Kashmiri language - Kashmiri language Kashmiri is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in parts of India and Pakistan. It has 4,391,000 speakers. It is an SVO language written in a persian script. External Link Ethnologue on Kashmiri.
Ket language - Ket language Ket, formerly known as Yenisei Ostyak, is a Siberian language isolate, apparently unrelated to any other language in the world (other than Yugh, a recently-extinct language that was clearly related to Ket). It is spoken by about 2,000 people along the middle Yenisei Basin. Attempts have been made by Soviet scholars to establish a relationship with either Burushaski or the Sino-Tibetan languages..
Khoisan languages - in the Kalahari Desert in south-western Africa. They are notable for the use of click consonants as phonemes, including the !Xu~ language, which has in excess of 50 click consonants and over 140 separate phonemes. Many Americans were exposed to this group of languages through the San language used in the 1984 film The Gods Must Be Crazy. The only other languages using clicks as phonemes are Nguni Bantu languages, such as Xhosa and Zulu in South Africa, Sesotho (also spoken in South Africa, and Lesotho), and the Hadza and Sandawe languages in Kenya. See also: Namibia, Botswana, South Africa..
Kid programming language - Kid programming language Kid is a kernel language for Id. A refinement of P-TAC, used as an intermediate language for Id. Lambda-calculus with first-class let-blocks and I-structures. Reference "A Syntactic Approach to Program Transformations", Z. Ariola et. al., SIGPLAN Notices 26(9):116-129 (Sept 1991). This article was originally based on content from FOLDOC, used with permission. Update as needed..
Kirundi language - Kirundi language Kirundi (also written Rundi and Urundi) is a Bantu language spoken in Burundi. 85% of the speakers are Hutu, 15% are Tutsi. External Link Ethnologue on Rundi.
Klingon language - Klingon language The Klingon language (in Klingon, tlhIngan Hol) is a constructed language created by Marc Okrand for Paramount and spoken by Klingons in the fictional Star Trek universe. He designed the language with Object Verb Subject word order to give an alien feel to the language. A description of the Klingon language can be found in Dr. Marc Okrand's book The Klingon Dictionary (Published by Pocket Books, Simon & Schuster, 1985, second edition with new addendum 1992, ISBN 067174559X). Other notable works include The Klingon Way (with Klingon sayings and proverbs), Klingon for the Galactic Traveler and the two audio productions Conversational Klingon and Power Klingon. Three books have also been published in the tongue: Hamlet, ghIlghameS (Gilgamesh) and paghmo' tIn mIS (Much Ado About Nothing)..
Klingon Language Institute - Klingon Language Institute The Klingon Language Institute is an organization devoted to studying and teaching the Klingon language. This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by fixing it..
Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language - Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language or (KQML) is a language and protocol, based on SGML, for exchanging information and knowledge, proposed in 1993. Work on KQML is led by Tim Finin of the University of Maryland Baltimore County, Lab for Advanced Information Technology. It is part of the ARPA Knowledge Sharing Effort. The KQML message format and protocol can be used to interact with an intelligent system, either by an application program, or by another intelligent system. KQML's "performatives" are operations that agents perform on each other's knowledge and goal stores. Higher-level interactions such as contract nets and negotiation are built using these. KQML's "communication facilitators" coordinate the interactions of other agents to support knowledge sharing. Experimental prototype systems support concurrent engineering, intelligent design,.
Knaanic language - Knaanic language Knaanic (also called Canaanic, Leshon Knaan or Judeo Slavic) was a West Slavic language spoken in what is now the Czech Republic. It became extinct in late Middle Ages. The name Knaanic applied mainly to Judeo Czech, but also to other Judeo-Slavic languages..
Korean language - Korean language The Korean language is spoken primarily and officially in Korea (South Korea and North Korea), also in the People's Republic of China (Yanbian). Worldwide, there are around 78 million Korean speakers, including large groups in the former Soviet Union, the United States, Canada, and Japan. Korean is considered by many to be a member of the Altaic family, but its proper classification is not universally agreed on. The native Korean writing system, the Hangul is alphabetic and phonetic. Along with Sino-Korean characters (Hanja), well over 50% of the Korean vocabulary comes directly or indirectly from from Chinese. Korean Spoken in: Korea Total speakers: 78 Million Ranking: 12 Genetic classification: Language isolate Official status Official language of: North Korea South Korea ISO 639-1: ko ISO 639-2:.
