Korbinian Brodmann - Korbinian Brodmann Korbinian Brodmann (November 17, 1868 - August 22, 1918) was a german neurologist which has become famous based on his definition of brain regions from their cytoarchitectonic characteristics. These areas are now usually referred to as Brodmann areas. Links Korbinian Brodmann (1868-1918), Laurence Garey.
Brodmann area - Brodmann area Brodmann area is a region in the cortex defined by its cytoarchitectonic characteristics. Brodmann areas were originally defined by Korbinian Brodmann and referred to by numbers from 1 to 52. Some of the original areas have been subdivided further and referred to, e.g., as "23a" and "23b". Brodmann areas: 23. Links Brodmann, Mark Dubin pages on Brodmann areas..
Brodmann area 23 - Brodmann area 23 Brodmann area 23 (BA23) is a region in the brain corresponding to some portion of the posterior cingulate cortex. It lies between Brodmann area 30 and Brodmann area 31 and is located on the medial wall of the cingulate gyrus between the callosal sulcus and the cingulate sulcus. The area has been subdivided further: In the macaque (Macaca fascicularis) the following subdivisions have been suggested1: 23i (internal) 23e (external) 23v (ventral), the most caudalventral (inferior) portion and with most highly developed layer IV. An other suggestion is for macaque (Macaca mulatta)2 23a, adjacent to the callosal sulcus thus closest to Brodmann area 30. 23b 23c Further division of 23b is3. pv23b, posteroventral part for 23b, main thalamic projections from anterior nuclei. d23b, dorsal.
Anterior cingulate cortex - is the frontal part of the cingulate cortex and includes the Brodmann areas 24 (ventral ACC) and 32 (dorsal ACC)..
Cerebral cortex - classified into two major groups: Isocortex (homotypical cortex), the part of the cortex with six layers. Allocortex (heterotypical cortex) with variable number of layers, e.g., olfactory cortex and hippocampus. Auxilliary classes are: Mesocortex, classification between isocortex and allocortex where layers 2, 3 and 4 are merged. Proisocortex, Brodmann areas 24, 25, 32. Periallocortex is cortical areas adjacent to allocortex. Based on supposed developmental differencies the following classification also appears: Neocortex that corresponds to isocortex. Archicortex Paleocortex See also Microgyrus.
Cingulate cortex - and situated roughly in the middle of the cortex. Based on cytoarchitectonics it can be divided into the Brodmann areas 23, 24, 26, 29, 30, 31 and 32. The areas 26, 29 and 30 is usually referred to as the retrospenial areas. Cingulate cortex can also be differentiated based on its thalamic connections1: Anterior cingulate cortex receives primarily from the midlline and intralaminar nuclei and posterior cingulate cortex receives mainly from the anterior thalamic nuclei. Anterior cingulate cortex can further be divided in the perigenual anterior cingulate cortex and midcingulate cortex. Links Four Regions of Cingulate Cortex and Disease Vulnerability, Brent A. Vogt. References Vogt BA, Rosene DL, Pandya DN, Science 204:205+.
Proisocortex - It is a transitional area between the (true) isocortex and periallocortex. It is found in cingulate cortex (Brodmann areas 24, 25, 30 and 32), insula and parahippocampal gyrus..
