Korean Romanization - Korean Romanization There are three commonly used romanization schemes for Korean, namely: Revised Romanization of Korean: official in South Korea since 2000 and quite common on the Internet; McCune-Reischauer: official in North Korea and formerly in South Korea, and common in popular literature; Yale Romanization: used mainly in academic (linguistic) literature..
Revised Romanization of Korean - Revised Romanization of Korean The Revised Romanization of Korean, released in 2000 to romanize the Korean language, is the South Korean official replacement for the 1984 McCune-Reischauer-like Romanization. The Revised Romanization has no non-alphabetic symbols except very limited, often optional, use of the hyphen. It had been developing by the National Academy of the Korean Language since 1995 and was released on July 4, 2000, by the South Korean Ministry of Culture and Tourism, which explains the reduction of special characters was to eliminate difficulty of entering, or rather the ease of ignoring, diacritics on computers. Unique features are: 어 and 으 are written with two vowel letters: eo and eu, respectively. Aspirated consonants (ㅋ, ㅌ, ㅍ, ㅊ) are without apostrophe (k, t, p, and ch). Their.
Korean Demilitarized Zone - Korean Demilitarized Zone The Demilitarized Zone (or DMZ) in Korea is a strip of land running across the Korean Peninsula that serves as a buffer zone between North and South Korea. The DMZ cuts the Korean Peninsula roughly in half, crossing the 38th parallel on an acute angle, with the west end of the DMZ lying south of the parallel and the east end lying north of it. It is 248 km long and approximately 4 km wide. History The 38th parallel — which cuts the Korean Peninsula roughly in half — was the original boundary between the American and Soviet occupation zones established at the end of World War II, and became the border between North Korea and South Korea upon the formation of those.
Yale Romanization - Yale Romanization The Yale Romanizations are 4 systems created in late 1940s during World War II by the United States for its soldiers. They romanize the 4 East Asian languages of Mandarin Chinese, Cantonese Chinese, Japanese, and Korean. The 4 romanizations, however, are unrelated in the sense that the same letter from one Romanization may not represent the same sound in another. They were once used in the US for teaching these Asian languages to civilian students, but are now mostly obscure and only sometimes used by academic linguists. Teaching Mandarin, for example, virtually always employs Hanyu Pinyin. And McCune-Reischauer has dominated the Korean Romanization field for several decades. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Mandarin Chinese 2 Cantonese Chinese 3 References 4 External Links Mandarin Chinese Mandarin.
Romanization - Romanization A Romanization or Romanisation is a system for representing a language with the Roman alphabet, where these typically use a writing system other than the Roman alphabet. Three methods may be used to carry out Romanization: transliteration, transcription and phonemic conversion. Each Romanization has its own set of rules for pronunciation of the Romanized words. To romanize is to transcribe or transliterate a language into the Roman alphabet. This process is most commonly associated with the Chinese, Japanese and Korean languages (CJK). Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Chinese language 1.1.
Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture - Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture is the traditional homeland of most Koreanss in China. In addition, there have lived the Han and some minorities. It is south of Heilongjiang, east of Jilin's Baishan City, north of North Korea, and west of Russia. Simplified Chinese: 延边朝鲜族自治州 Pinyin: Yanbian Chaoxianzu Zijizhou Hangul: 옌볜 조선족 자치주 McCune-Reischauer: Yenbyen Chosŏnchok Chach'ichu Revised Romanization of Korean: Yenbyen Joseonjok Jachiju The prefectural capital is Yanji, and the area is 42,700 km² (one quarter of Jilin Province, about the size of The Netherlands). The Prefecture has an important Bohai (extinct, non-Korean, non-Han) archaeological site: the Ancient Tombs at Longtou Mountain, which includes the Mausoleum of Princess Zhenxiao. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Administration 2 History 3 Geography 4 Transportation 5 Demographics.
Kimchi - Kimchi (김치), or Gimchi in Revised Romanization, is a Korean fermented chilied vegetable dish, usually based on cabbage. Kimchi Common ingredients include Chinese cabbage, radish, garlic, red pepper, spring onion, fermented shrimp or other seafood, ginger, salt, and sugar. There are variants, including kaktugi, based on radish and containing no cabbage, and oisobagi, stuffed cucumber kimchi. Kaetnip, or sesame leaf, kimchi features layers of sesame leaves marinated in soy sauce, peppers, garlic, green onions, and other spices. Lactobacilli are heavily involved in the fermentation of kimchi, which results in a higher lactic acid content in the final product than in yoghurt. Kimchi used to be pronounced in Korean as timchoy (Hanja: 沈菜), meaning "steeped/submerged vegetable". However, since the pronunciation's drastic change, kimchi is no longer associated with its original Hanja. See.
Japanese name - kanji which are never found except in names. Additionally, a name written in kanji may have more than one common pronunciation, only one of which is correct for a given individual. This makes the collation and romanization of Japanese names a very difficult problem. Quite a few Japanese names, particularly family names, include a dated or unusual Chinese character. These are often outside of the Unicode character set, widely used in the western computer community, which causes severe difficulties in representing them on the computer. [example?] Those who have such a name usually compromise by substituting other characters. An example of such a name is Saito. Most Japanese have adopted a custom of maintaining names with Furigana or ruby characters on the address book, for example. Japanese nationals are required to.
Jingo of Japan - of Jainko, the Basque name for God. It has also been derived from the Persian jang (war), St Jingo being the equivalent of the Latin god of war, Mars; and is even explained as a corruption of Jesus, Son of God, Je-n-go. In The article is originally from 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica As the above is from the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica, the 'history' of Empress Jingo and her involvement in Korea has been today, largely denounced by most historians and scholars as a myth, as the kingdom of Wa was not even consolidated while the Korean states were (Koguryo, Shilla, and Paekchae in the old Romanization). As it is legendary, the invasion of Jingo of the Korean peninsula is based on Japanese interpretation of the Kwanggeto Stele found in Manchuria which proclaimed.
Joseon - Joseon Joseon (Revised Romanization of Korean (RR); Chosŏn (McCune-Reischauer romanization (MR)); 조선 (朝鮮) in Korean; Chosen (朝鮮) in Japanese) is a name for Korea, as used in the following cases: As part of the name of several ancient kingdoms (including Gojoseon, Gija Joseon, and Wiman Joseon); During most of the Joseon Dynasty, when the country's full official name was Daejoseonguk (대조선국; 大朝鮮國; "Great Joseon Nation"), a name that is almost never used today; During the Japanese Colonial Period; and Today in North Korea. See Names of Korea for more details on the changing use of the name. The Sino-Korean characters (Hanja) that make up the name (朝鮮) are often translated into English as "morning calm," hence Korea's English nickname, "The land of the morning calm." However, the Hanja are.
ISO 3166-2:KR - pages for the locations they identify. Code system: "KR-" + 2-character-numeric Latest change: ISO 3166-2:2000-06-21 Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Encoding list (16) 1.1 Special and Metropolitan Cities (7) 1.2 Provinces (9) 2 See also Encoding list (16) Note: Names are not spelled according to the ISO list, but to the official Revised Romanization of Korean as used in South Korea. Special and Metropolitan Cities (7) KR-11 Seoul Special City KR-26 Busan Metropolitan City KR-27 Daegu Metropolitan City KR-28 Incheon Metropolitan City KR-29 Gwangju Metropolitan City KR-30 Daejeon Metropolitan City KR-31 Ulsan Metropolitan City Provinces (9) KR-41 Gyeonggi-do KR-42 Gangwon-do KR-43 Chungcheongbuk-do KR-44 Chungcheongnam-do KR-45 Jeollabuk-do KR-46 Jeollanam-do KR-47 Gyeongsangbuk-do KR-48 Gyeongsangnam-do KR-49 Jeju-do See also ISO 3166-2, the reference table for all country region codes. ISO 3166-1, the reference table.
Hangul Day - Day (한글날 Revised Romanization: Han-geullal), or Hangul Proclamation Day, or Korean Alphabet Day, is an observance on October 9 in South Korea to remember the creation of Hangeul, their native alphabet, proclaimed by the publication of Hunmin Jeongeum on this day in 1446. This day became a legal holiday (although not national) in 1960, but its (and Korean United Nations Day's) legal status was removed in 1991 due to pressure from major employers to increase the number of working days. In 2000, some Koreans campaigned to restore the holiday's former status, but made little impact. Some Americann and German linguists celebrate this day yearly as a representation of the high degree of linguistic achievement the world has achieved. The equivalent Chosŏn'gŭl Day is on January 15 in North Korea..
George M. McCune - 5, 1948) was co-developer, with Edwin O. Reischauer, of the McCune-Reischauer romanization of Korean. He was born in P'yongyang as the son of an American educational missionary..
Fuyu - is ?? in Chinese characters, which is pronounced as Fuyu in Chinese and Buyeo (부여) in Korean). Puyo is the old Romanization, reflecting its role as a Korean state, not a Chinese state..
Edwin O. Reischauer - to Japan (1961-66) and the co-developer, with George M. McCune, of the McCune-Reischauer romanization of Korean. He graduated with a B.A from Oberlin in 1931 and received his Ph.D from Harvard University in 1939. Most of his teaching career was spent at Harvard, where he was the director of the Harvard-Yenching Institute and chairman of the Department of Far Eastern Languages. At Harvard, he was the founder of the Japan Institute, which was renamed the Edwin O. Reischauer Institute of Japanese Studies in 1985 in his honor..
Eight Provinces of Korea - is a table listing the eight provinces, their dialects, regional names, and the modern administrative divisions that replaced them. (Note that provinces and cities now in North Korea are romanized using the McCune-Reischauer system, while South Korean provinces and cities use the Revised Romanization of Korean.) Province Hangeul Hanja Regional Name Dialect Modern divisions Chungcheong 충청도 忠靑道 Hoseo Chungcheong Daejeon, North & South Chungcheong Gangwon Kangwŏn) 강원도 江原道 Gwandong, Yeongseo, Yeongdong (See note 1 below) Seoul Kangwŏn (North Korea), Gangweon (South Korea), Kŏmgang-san Gyeonggi 경기도 京畿道 Sudogweon (See note 2 below) Seoul Seoul, Incheon, Kaesŏng, Gyeonggi Gyeongsang 경상도 慶尙道 Yeongnam Gyeongsang Busan, Daegu, Ulsan, North & South Gyeongsang Hamgyeong 함경도 咸鏡道 Gwanbuk (North half), Gwannam (South half) Hamgyeong Rasŏn (Rajin-Sŏnbong), North & South Hamgyŏng, Yanggang Hwanghae 황해도 黃海道 (none) Seoul North.
Dispute over the name Sea of Japan - Nipponkai (日本海) in Japanese) is called the \East Sea (Donghae (동해 東海) in Korean) in South Korea and the East Sea of Korea (Dongjoseonhae (동조선해 東朝鮮海)) in North Korea. Since the 1990s, the two Koreas have campaigned separately to change the sea's official international name. In accordance with the 7th United Nations Conference on the Standardization of Geographical Names (1998) and the International Hydrographic Organization's Resolution A 4.2.6 (1974) regarding the naming of disputed bodies of water [1], some international and media organizations have begun using the names "Sea of Japan" and "East Sea" together [1]. These actions have prompted a backlash in Japan, and the issue has not been resolved to the satisfaction of any of the three countries involved. Details of this issue were not widely reported in English-language.
Demographics of China - officially recognizes 56 distinct ethnic groups, the largest of which are Han Chinese, who constitute about 91.9% of the total population. Large ethnic minorities include the Zhuang (16 million), Manchu (10 million), Hui (9 million), Miao (8 million), Uighur (7 million), Yi (7 million), Tujia (5.75 million), Mongolian (5 million), Tibetan (5 million), Buyi (3 million), and Korean (2 million). Religion Main article: Religion in China Religion plays a significant part in the life of many Chinese. Buddhism is most widely practiced, with an estimated 100 million adherents. Traditional Taoism also is practiced. Official figures indicate there are 18 million Muslims, 4 million Catholics, and 10 million Protestants; unofficial estimates are much higher. The PRC Constitution affirms religious toleration subject to several important restrictions. Consistent with these restriction, the PRC Government.
CJK - CJK is a collective term for Chinese, Japanese, and Korean, which comprise the largest of East Asian languages. The term is used in the field of software and communications internationalization. These languages all share the fact that their writing systems are based partly or entirely on Chinese characters -- Hanzi in Chinese, Kanji in Japanese, and Hanja in Korean. Chinese requires between 4000 characters for a basic vocabulary to 40,000 characters for reasonably complete coverage. Whereas Japanese and Korean use fewer characters -- complete literacy in Japan can be expected with 2000 characters -- idiosyncratic use of Chinese characters in proper names requires many more. This number of characters cannot fit in the 256-character code space of 8-bit encodings, and therefore requires at least a 16-bit fixed width character encoding or.
Tonkin - part of Vietnam were was Cochin China at the south. The Latin adjective tonkinensis is a specific epithet, part of the binomial nomenclature, used to describe species, mostly trees, found in Tonkin. For example, Cornus hongkongensis subsp. tonkinensis [1] is a subspecies of an evergreen tree or shrub of the dogwood family that is usually found in Hong Kong, but this particularly subpecies have been located in Tonkin. Tonkin is a very rare Romanization of Tokyo, possibly based on Korean or Chinese..
