Legio II Italica - Legio II Italica Legio II Italica, meaning from Italy, was a Roman legion levied by emperor Marcus Aurelius in 165 AD together with Legio I Italica at a time when the Roman Empire was fighting both in Germania and in Parthia. There are still records of the II Italica in Noricum in the beginning of the 5th century AD. The legion symbol is a she-wolf and the twins Romulus and Remus. The legion main theatre of operations was the Roman province of Noricum, in the south margin of the Danube, where Germanic incursions were frequent. In 180 AD II Italica was stationed in Lauriacum, modern Lorch. In 193 AD, II Italica marched into Rome with Septimius Severus, then fighting for power. The new emperor awarded them.
Legio III Italica - Legio III Italica Legio III Italica was a Roman legion levied by Marcus Aurelius around 165 AD, for his campaign against the Marcomanni tribe. The cognomen Italica suggests that recruits were originally from Italy. The legion was still active in Germania in the later 4th century. The legion's symbol was a stork. Together with legions II Italica and I Adiutrix, the third Italic legion was in the Danube provinces from its beginning, fighting the invasion of the Raetia and Noricum provinces by the Marcomanni. In 171 they built the camp Regina Castra, modern Regenburg, designed as a strongly defensive position like a castle. In the civil war of 193, this legion supported Lucius Septimius Severus and helped him defeat his opponents first Pertinax and Didius Julianus,.
List of Roman legions - life span of the legion, cause of disappearance (if relevant) and the original commander, meaning, the man who levied the legion. Legio I - referred to once as "I Germanica" – 48 BC to 70 AD (Batavian rebellion), Julius Caesar Legio I Adiutrix - 68 AD to (at least) 444 AD, Galba? Legio I Italica - September 22 66 AD to (at least) 5th century, Nero Legio I Macriana liberatrix – 68 to 69 AD, Lucius Clodius Macer, governor of Africa Legio I Minervia - 82 AD to (at least) 4th century, Domitian Legio I Parthica - 197 to early 6th century, Septimius Severus Legio II Adiutrix pia fidelis - 70 AD to (at least) 3rd century, Vespasian Legio II Augusta - 30s BC(?) Legio II Italica - 165 to beginning.
165 - 170 Events A pandemic breaks out in Rome after the Roman army returns from Parthia. Legio II Italica is created by Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius. Births Macrinus, Roman emperor (approximate date) Deaths Justin Martyr, early apologist for Christianity Claudius Ptolemaeus, Greek astronomer (approximate date).
66 - fortress of Masada. Cestius Gallus, legate of Syria, attempts to put down the Jewish rebellion. September 22 – Emperor Nero creates the legion I Italica Legio II Augusta is stationed at Gloucester. Suetonius Paullinus becomes a Roman Consul. The First Epistle to Timothy is written (approximate date). Births Deaths Poppaea, wife of Nero.
Legio II Augusta - Legio II Augusta Legio II Augusta was a Roman legion. It was originally raised by Octavian and stationed in Spain. After the destruction of Varus' legions in 9 AD, II Augusta moved to Germany, possibly in the area of Mainz. After 17 AD it was at Argentorate (modern Strasbourg). The legion participated in the Roman invasion of Britain in 43. From 66 to around 74 it was stationed at Glevum (modern Gloucester), and then moved to Isca Silurum (probably modern Caerleon), building a stone fortress that the soldiers occupied until the end of the 3rd century. See also: List of Roman legions The name is now used by a group of re-creators; see [1]..
Legio I Italica - Legio I Italica Legio I Italica ("the Italian legion") was a Roman legion levied by emperor Nero on September 22, 66 AD (the date is attested by an inscription), for a campaign in Armenia that never took place. The sources mention the peculiar fact that the original legionaries were all over six feet tall. There are still records of the I Italica in the Danube border in the beginning of the 5th century AD. The legion's emblem was a boar. Gaul broke out in revolt early in 68, and I Italica was redirected there from the East. In the year of the four emperors (69 AD), they sided with Vitellius until his defeat by Vespasian. The new emperor sent I Italica to the province of Moesia.
Legio III Augusta - Legio III Augusta Legio III Augusta was a Roman legion levied by Augustus in 43 BC. Activity of this legion in the African Roman provinces, its principal theatre of operations, is still mentioned in late 4th century, early 5th century. Among the emblems of the legion were the winged horse Pegasus and the Capricorn. The III Augusta was probably present in the Battle of Philippi in 42 BC, where Augustus and Marcus Antonius defeated the army of the senators that conspired to murder Julius Caesar. After this victory, the III Augusta stayed under the command of Augustus, probably in Sicily, where Sextus Pompeius, son of Pompey had started a rebellion. From 30 BC onwards, Legio III Augusta was stationed in the province of Africa. The legion.
Legio II Traiana fortis - Legio II Traiana fortis Legio II Traiana Fortis, Trajan's strong legion, was a Roman legion levied by emperor Trajan in 105 AD, along with Legio XXX Ulpia Victrix, for the campaigns in Dacia. There are still records of the II Traiana Fortis in Egypt in the middle of the 5th century AD. The legion's emblem was the demi-god Hercules. In 115 AD, Traiana Fortis was incorporated in the large army used for Trajan's Parthian Campaign. In 117, the legion was allocated in Judea, to insure peace after the rebellion that was just ending. In 125 they are sent to Egypt for the first time, to share camp in Alexandria with Legio XXII Deotariana. Between 132-136 AD they are again in Judea to deal with another revolt..
Legio II Adiutrix - Legio II Adiutrix Legio II Adiutrix, the helper, was a Roman legion levied by emperor Vespasian on 70 AD, from Roman navy marines. There are still records of the II Adiutrix in the Rhine border in the beginning of the 4th century AD. The legion's symbols were a Capricorn and Pegasus. The first assignment of II Adiutrix was in Germania Inferior, where the Batavian rebellion was at its peak. After the defeat of the rebels, the II Adiutrix followed general Cerealis to Britain to deal with another rebellion led by Venutius. During the next years, the legion was to stay in the British Islands to subdue the rebel tribes of Scotland and Wales, with base camp probably at Chester. In 87, the legion was recalled to.
Legio III Parthica - Legio III Parthica Legio III Parthica was a Roman legion levied by emperor Lucius Septimius Severus in 197 AD, for his campaign against the Parthian empire, hence the cognomen Parthica. The legion was still active in the Eastern provinces in the early 5th century. The legion's symbol was a bull. Together with its twin legions I Parthica and II Parthica, the third Parthian legion was levied for the attack on the eastern frontier. The campaign was a success and Ctesiphon, the Parthian capital was taken and sacked. III Parthica remained in the region afterwards, garrisoning the new province of Mesopotamia. Their main base camp was Rhesaena, where they had the duty of securing the main roads and protect the province against the Sassanidss. During the 3rd.
Legio II Parthica - Legio II Parthica Legio II Parthica was a Roman legion levied by emperor Lucius Septimius Severus in 197 AD, for his campaign against the Parthian Empire, hence the cognomen Parthica. The legion was still active in the middle of the 4th century. The legion's symbol was a centaur. Together with its twin legions I Parthica and III Parthica, the second Parthian legion was levied for the attack on the eastern frontier. The campaign was a success and Ctesiphon, the Parthian capital was taken and sacked. After this war, the second returned to Italy, and was stationed near Rome in the Alban mountains. Since it was not garrisoning a Roman province, their functioned both as a reserve that could be used in afflicted parts of the Empire,.
Legio I Parthica - Legio I Parthica Legio I Parthica, as well as II and III Parthica, were Roman legions levied in 197 by the emperor Lucius Septimius Severus, for the campaigns against Parthia. The legion presence in the Middle East is recorded until the early 6th century. After the success of Septimius Severus against Parthia, I and III Parthica remain in the region in the camp of Singara to avoid following rebellions and attacks from the Parthian Empire. The newly creataed province of Mesopotamia was to be an exception: it was ruled by men of equestrian order, not senators. Legionaries from I Parthica were usually sent to other provonces, namely Lycia, Cilicia and Cyrenaica. See also: List of Roman legions, Roman legion.
Year of the four emperors - destroyed or took enormous fines from the towns that did not accepted him immediately. In Rome he canceled all Nero's reforms, including benefits for many important persons. Like the previous emperor, Galba had an irrational fear for conspirators and executed many senators and knights without trial. The army was not happy either. After his safe arrival to Rome, Galba refused to pay the prizes he promised to soldier supporters. Moreover, in the start of the civil year of 69 AD in January 1, the legions of Germania Inferior refused to oath allegiance and obedience to the new emperor. In the following day, the legions acclaim Vitellius, their governor, as emperor. Hearing the news of the loss of the Rhine legions, Galba panicked. He adopted a man picked by chance in the.
Raetia - completely with the original inhabitants that, generally speaking, the Raetians of later times may be regarded as a Celtic people, although non-Celtic tribes (Lepontii, Euganei) were settled among them. The Raetians are first mentioned (but only incidentally) by Polybius (xxxiv. 10, iS), and little is heard of them till after the end of the Republic. There is little doubt, however, that they retained their independence until their subjugation in 15 B.C. by Tiberius and Drusus (compare Horace, Odes, iv. 4 and 14). At first Raetia formed a distinct province, but towards the end of the 1st century A.D. Vindelicia was added to it; hence Tacitus (Germania, 41) could speak of Augusta Vindelicorum (Augsburg) as "a colony of the province of Raetia". The whole province (including Vindelicia) was at first under a.
Noricum - Noreia, have shown that for centuries before recorded history there was a vigorous civilization. The Hallstatt cemeteries contained weapons and ornaments from the Bronze age, through the period of transition, up to the fully-developed Iron age. Ridgeway has made out a strong case for the theory that in Noricum and the neighbouring districts was the cradle of the Homeric Achaeans. Noricum was incorporated into the Roman Empire in 16 B.C. For a long time the Noricans enjoyed independence under princes of their own and carried on commerce with the Romans. In 48 B.C they took the side of Julius Caesar (circa 100 B.C-44 B.C) in the civil war against Pompey (106 B.C-48 B.C). In 16 B.C., having joined with the Pannonians in invading Histria, they were defeated by Publius Silius, proconsul.
Vespasian - praetor, having meanwhile married Flavia Domitilla, the daughter of an equestrian, by whom he had two sons, Titus and Domitian, afterwards emperors, and one daughter Domitilla. Both his wife and daughter died before he held a magistracy. Having already served in Germany, he participated in the Roman invasion of Britain under the Emperor Claudius, where he distinguished himself in command of the Legio II Augusta under Aulus Plautius. He reduced Vectis or the Isle of Wight and penetrated to the borders of Somerset, England. In 51 he was for a brief space consul; in 63 he went as governor to Africa, where, according to Tacitus (ii.97), his rule was "infamous and odious"; according to Suetonius (Vesp. 4), "upright and, highly honourable." He went with Nero's retinue to Greece, and in 66.
Julius Caesar - 45 BC. During this time, Caesar was elected to his third and fourth terms as consul in 46 BC (with Marcus Aemilius Lepidus) and 45 BC (without colleague). Immediately after his return from the East (and before his departure for Spain), Caesar began extensive reforms of Roman society and government. He tightly regulated the purchase of State-subsidized grain and forbade those who could afford privately supplied grain from purchasing from the grain dole. He extended the Roman citizenship to all communities in Gallia Cisalpina, thus enfranchising the remainder of the Italian peninsula. He made plans for the distribution of land to his veterans and for the establishment of veteran colonies throughout the Roman world. In one of his most wide-ranging reforms, Caesar ordered a complete overhaul of the Roman calendar, establishing.
Gordian I - but climbed the hierarchy until he entered the Roman senate. Gordian had at least two children: Marcus Antonius Gordianus (Gordian II) and Antonia Gordiana, the mother of Gordian III. Gordian's political career started relatively late in his life and probably his early years were spent in rhetoric and literary studies. As a military man, Gordian commanded the Legio IV Scythica when the legion was stationed in the Syria province. He served as governor of Roman Britain in 216 and was a suffect consul in the reign of Heliogabalus. While he gained unbounded popularity by the magnificent games and shows he produced as aedile, his prudent and retired life did not excite the suspicion of Caracalla, in whose honour he wrote a long epic poem called Antoninias. Gordian certainly retained his wealth.
Dacia - the Middle Ages National awakening of Romania Kingdom of Romania Romania during World War II Communist Romania Romania since 1989 Dacia, in ancient geography, the land of the Daci or Getae, a large district of Central Europe, bounded on the north by the Carpathians, on the south by the Danube, on the west by the Pathissus (Tisza river, in Hungary), on the east by the Tyras (Dniester, border between Moldavia and Ukraine), thus corresponding in the main to the modern Romania. Towards the west it may originally have extended as far as the Danube where it runs from north to south at Waitzen (Vacz), while on the other hand Ptolemy puts its eastern boundary as far back as the Hierasus (Siret river, in Romania). The inhabitants of this district were of.
