Libertarian socialism - Libertarian socialism Libertarian socialism is a political philosophy dedicated to opposing what its advocates regard as illegitimate forms of authority and social hierarchy, most famously the institution of government. It has gone by various names: libertarian communism, anarcho-communism, left-anarchism, and, most commonly, anarchism. Libertarian socialists therefore believe in the abolition of privately held means of production and abolition of the state as an unnecessary and harmful institution (anarchism/libertarianism). Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Overview 2 Anti-capitalism 3 Opposition to the state 4 Political roots 4.1 Conflict with Marxism 5 Philosophical arguments 5.2 The importance of force 6 Historical Origins 6.3 Pre-"anarchism" libertarians 6.4 Anarchism: a new word 6.5 The spread of ideas: anarchism's influence 7 Further reading 7.6 Books 7.7 Periodicals 8 External Links Overview Libertarian.
History of Socialism: Part 2 - History of Socialism: Part 2 Continued from History of Socialism: Part 1 Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 The Soviet Union (1945-1991) 2 Socialism in China (1949-79) 3 The Intellectual Left since the 1960s 4 Third World Socialism 5 The Crisis of Socialism 6 Relevant articles 7 Further reading The Soviet Union (1945-1991) Socialism in China (1949-79) The Intellectual Left since the 1960s Third World Socialism The Crisis of Socialism Relevant articles List of socialists libertarian socialism and anarcho-syndicalism Post-Communism The purpose of government Welfare State, Social security and National Health Service Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel Conservativism Libertarianism Anti-communism Keir Hardie Socialist International Party of European Socialists European Unitary Left - Nordic Green Left History of British Socialism Criticism of socialism: Economic calculation problem Further reading John Weinstein,.
Socialism - Socialism The term Socialism may refer to a political doctrine, an economic theory, a vision of an ideal society, or a description of an existing society organised along social lines - that is, for the benefit of all, rather than for the profit of a few. The key ideas of socialism include: a) placing at least some of the means of production and distribution of goods and services into collective ownership, and b) cooperation in place of competition. In some versions of socialism, collective ownership is limited to control of natural resources and utilities. In such states, there is a mixed economy with varying degrees of government ownership and private ownership. In others, there is a view that economic planning and control should be centralized in.
State socialism - State socialism State socialism is a term that's sometimes used interchangeably with State capitalism. It's often defined as the state ownership of the means of production. This is contrasted with Libertarian Socialism, which involves collective ownership of the means of production without state intervention. Trotskyites believed that Stalinism was state socialism and not true Marxism. Modernly, many European political parties on the left side of the political spectrum advocate varying forms of state socialism, one type being democratic socialism..
Libertarian National Socialist Green Party - Libertarian National Socialist Green Party The platform of the Libertarian National Socialist Green Party of the United States borrows elements from libertarianism, national socialism, and environmentalism. The basic platform combines three precepts, prioritized in the following order: Personal freedom. Environmental improvement. Collective action, as well as personal. The party advocates policies to use the synergies between these concepts. For example, collective action can increase society's efficiency, which increases wealth (and thus personal freedom) while reducing environmental pollution. The party explicitly denounces numerous ethical systems and philosophies, such as christianity, judaism, and capitalism which its members believe interfere with one or more of the above precepts. The party has a list of approved doctrines and types of activities: The party seeks to actively rehabilitate the positive, though.
Libertarian survivalist - Libertarian survivalist The neutrality of this page is disputed. Libertarian survivalists reject libertarian socialism and collective means of food and protection sharing in favor of a more Spartan self-defense lifestyle. They share a common focus on efficiency and local self-sufficiency with religious ascetics and the Green Party, although they reject the peace movement and non-violent ideals..
Hans-Hermann Hoppe - United States, to study under Murray Rothbard. He remained a close associate until Rothbard's death in January, 1995. Hoppe is currently Professor of Economics at University of Nevada, Las Vegas, a Senior Fellow with the Ludwig von Mises Institute, and Editor of the Journal of Libertarian Studies. Books Handeln und Erkennen (Bern 1976) Kritik der kausalwissenschaftlichen Sozialforschung (Westdeutscher Verlag 1983) Eigentum, Anarchie und Staat (Westdeutscher Verlag 1987)) A Theory of Socialism and Capitalism (Kluwer 1989) The Economics and Ethics of Private Property (Kluwer, 1993) Economic Science and the Austrian Method (Mises Institute, 1995) Democracy: The God That Failed (Transaction, 2001) [Editor] The Myth of National Defense. Essays on the Theory and History of Security Production (Ludwig Von Mises Institute 2003).
Historical origins of anarchism - the first to refer to oneself as an "anarchist", which he did in a non-derogatory fashion, becoming the first to articulate a social philosophy that called itself anarchism. He referring to anarchy as absence of government. Proudhon was a socialist, though he incorporated some classical liberal ideas in his discourse. He became fiercely anti-communist with pronounced anti-semitic and nationalist views. Bakunin and many others, particularly in Europe, have developed after Proudhon an anarchist movement that openly endorses the main socialist ideas and left-wing politics. Benjamin Tucker, who translated Proudhon into English, insisted on the individualist aspect of anarchism. He and others clearly advocated free markets as solutions to problems government claimed to solve, though they soundly rejected usury, wage-labor, and capital. Though Tucker and other similar authors also claimed the unqualified.
George Woodcock - the opportunity to go to university in Oxford on a scholarship. However, he turned down the chance, because he would have had to have joined the clergy. Instead, he took at job as a clerk at the Great Western Railway, and it was while there that he first became interested in anarchism (specifically libertarian socialism). He was to remain an anarchist for the rest of his life, writing several books on the subject, including the aforementioned Anarchism, The Anarchist Reader (an anthology edited by him; 1977) and biographies of Pierre-Joseph Proudhon and Peter Kropotkin. Also around this time, he met several prominent literary figures, including T. S. Eliot and Aldous Huxley. He first came to know George Orwell after the two of them had a public disagreement in the pages of.
Green anarchism - as non-violent action, ecoactivism, queeractivism, animal rights acitivism, anti-capitalism and anti-elitism, opposed to obsolete isms such as socialism and liberalism. Adherents often join Green parties and argue for de-centralization, one of the Green's Ten Key Values but not one of the original Four Pillars of the Green Party. Usually the use of a capital 'G' indicates some agreement with those parties and their values, and the use of a lowercase 'g' implies a 'small-g' or 'low-overhead' implementation of those ideals. Green anarchism is often confused with primitivism or the less extreme eco-anarchism which advocates small-scale eco-villages. However, not all green anarchists advocate a return to primitive styles of life; many support the use of advanced technology in an ecologically friendly way, and do not see an inherent conflict between human technology.
Form of government - Note that in practice, it is possible to combine multiple simple forms in a government. The theory and study of comparison and combination of such forms is called civics. Anarchism Anarcho-capitalism Eco-anarchism Eco-feminism Libertarian socialism Autocracy and Dictatorship Despotism Military Junta Kleptocracy Monarchy Absolute monarchy Constitutional monarchy Popular monarchy Hereditary monarchy Elective monarchy self-proclaimed monarchy Democracy Bioregional democracy Deliberative democracy Direct democracy Participatory democracy Representative democracy Westminster system Parliamentary system Presidential system Semi-presidential system Congressional system Semi-direct democracy Oligarchy Aristocracy Gerontocracy Krytocracy Meritocracy Plutocracy Technocracy Theocracy Republic Banana republic Islamic republic Socialist republic Soviet Republic These forms of government give a general schematic of the power structure contained within the government of a country. However, every government is unique and so is every country and its constitution - the basic law.
Friedrich Hayek - of the Austrian School noted for his defense of free-market capitalism against a rising tide of socialism thought in the mid-20th century. He also made important contributions to the fields of jurisprudence and psychology. In The Road to Serfdom (1944) and subsequent works, Hayek said that socialism necessarily led to fascism as central planning overrode individual preferences in economic and social life. Hayek contended that in Centrally Planned Economies, an individual or a group of individuals decided the allocation of resources for the whole country and suffered from the economic calculation problem. This accumulation of power led to misuse and growth of fascism. In The Use of Knowledge in Society (1945), he sought to show how the price mechanism serves to share and synchronise local and personal knowledge in achieving diverse.
Freedom anarchist fortnightly - and Charlotte Wilson and continues to this day as an unpaid project. Originally, the subtitle was "A Journal of Anarchist Socialism", but over the years this has changed to simply "anarchist fortnightly". The newspaper's mission statement is stated in every issue, on page 2, and summarises the writers' view of anarchism: Anarchists work towards a society of mutual aid and voluntary co-operation. We reject all government and economic repression. This newspaper, published continuously since 1936, exists to explain anarchism more widely and show that only in an anarchist society can human freedom thrive. The paper features news from peace and labour movements and events, as well as listing planned events and protests on the back page. Staying true to Kropotkin's principle of mutual aid, the paper regularly features reviews of other.
Egalitarianism - of material redistribution, and because people do not ordinarily part willingly with their property for redistributive purposes, this mechanism must be coercive. However, when coercive powers of redistribution are vested in some people and not in others, inequalities of political power emerge. History has shown, in the former Soviet Union for instance, that people who are granted coercive redistributive powers often abuse it. Indeed, those with political power were known to redistribute vastly unequal shares of material resources to themselves, thereby completely confounding the justification for their unequal political status. Therefore, some defenders of material egalitarianism have rejected Marxist communism in favor of such views as Libertarian socialism, which does not advocate the transitional use of the state as a means of redistribution. The United States Declaration of Independence included a.
Diversity of anarchism - political spectrum, from right to left, top to bottom, and whatever axis, so that there can be "anarchists" who have very opposed opinions on about everything but the malevolent character of the State. However, it is possible to distinguish three main trends in anarchism: individualist anarchism insists on individual autonomy against authority and coercion. libertarian socialism proposes collective management in an egalitarian society. anarcho-capitalism rests on the classical liberal philosophy of individual property rights. These trends do not classify exactly the whole diversity of anarchist theories, authors and movements. Many popular anarchist authors never formally claimed affiliation to any of the above traditions or to anarchism at all. Some authors are classified by scholars as attached to one of these traditions, others are considered sui generis. Finally, an author like Proudhon,.
Anti-communism - and counterproductive. In the case of China, United States policy is influenced by business interests, and much of the United States foreign policy establishment does not regard China as Communist in any meaningful sense. Nevertheless, there is some hostility toward China, particularly among conservative Congressional Republicans which can be regarded as remnants of anti-communism. North Korea remains Stalinist, but U.S. policy toward North Korea is less the result of anti-communism than of its classification by the United States as a nuclear-armed rogue state or part of an axis of evil. Objections to Communist theory Communism's theoretical basis is dialectical materialism, which is predicated on the assumption that there is no God, that spirit is generated by matter, and that all progress and development in both nature and human society comes about.
Anti-capitalism - on specific ideologies. Many different and opposite ideologies fight capitalism and argue for collectivism: socialism argues for extensive State control of economy, though with small tolerated areas of capitalism. fascism argues for extensive State control of economy, with delegation of its powers to complacent capitalists. Marxism argues for collective ownership of the means of production, and the eventual overthrow of the state, with an intermediate stage in which the state will be used to eliminate the vestiges of capitalism. trotskyism argues for revolution in every country and socialist dictatorship of the working class. anarchism argues for a total lack of state control. Its subset known as libertarian socialism argues for direct democratic and possibly federal worker control and ownership of the means of production in a communist economic context. See also:.
Anarcho-syndicalism - effect them amongst themselves. The Industrial Workers of the World, a once-powerful labor movement, is considered a leading organ of the anarcho-syndicalist philosophy in the United States. The anarcho-syndicalist orientation of many early American labor unions played a large part in the formation of the American political spectrum. The United States is the only industrialized former English colony to not have a labor-based political party. See, It Didn't Happen Here: Why Socialism Failed in the United States, Seymour Martin Lipset and Gary Marks. ISBN 0-39-332254-8. Michael Bakunin, one of the fathers of anarchism, wrote "The [libertarian labour unions] ... bear in themselves the living seeds of the new society which is to replace the old world. They are creating not only the ideas, but also the facts of the future itself.".
Anarchism in the arts - spectrum of social, philosophical, political and economic, Anarchism has a deep reach in culture. Like socialism, communism and even fascism, Anarchism has a plethora of imagery and symbolism which have become associated with a variety of groups and movements, and co-opted (or "recuperated) by capitalist industry. The influence of anarchism is not always directly a matter of specific imagery or public figures, but may be seen in a certain stance towards the liberation of the total human being and the imagination. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Visual Art 1.1 Surrealism 2 Music 3 Written fiction 4 Film/Video Visual Art (ie, the use of art or illustration to promote specifically anarchist ideas) Flavio Constantini Clifford Harper Jay Kinney (Anarchy Comics) Arthur Moyse Laura Norder Donald Rooum (Wildcat Comics, see Freedom anarchist fortnightly).
Apocopation - as short for réactionnaire and démo means démonstration. Japanese shorten their name for McDonald's, Makudonarudo, into Makudo, and Kentaki Furaido Chikin, or Kentucky Fried Chicken, is referred to as Kenfuraido in daily speech. George Orwell was aware of the power of apocopation when he designed Newspeak; saying the four-letter Nazi rather than the full name Nationalsozialist allowed one to make a quick reference to the party without having to go over the words and think about what the concept implied: national, socialism. For this reason Newspeak aimed for bisyllabic words. Apocopation is regularly done with the diminutive forms of names: Tom for Thomas, Steve for Stephan, Josh for Joshua, Matt for Matthew, Don for Donald, Tony for Anthony, Alex for Alexander, Andy for Andrew, Meg for Meghan, Liz for Elizabeth. Some.
