London deep-level shelters - London deep-level shelters The London deep-level shelters are eight deep level air-raid shelters that were built under London Underground stations during World War II. Each consists of a pair of parallel tunnels 16 feet 16 inches in diameter and 12,000 feet long. Each tunnel was subdivided into two decks and each shelter was designed to hold up to 8,000 people. It was planned that after the war the shelters would be used as part of a new express tube line. One of the entrances to the Stockwell shelter, now decorated as a war memorial Ten shelters were planned, but only eight were completed. These are at: Belsize Park tube station Camden Town tube station Goodge Street tube station Chancery Lane tube station Stockwell tube station Clapham.
Subterranean London - Subterranean London The metropolis of London has been occupied for many centuries, and has acquired a number of subterranean landmarks. These include: The Subterranean rivers of London The London Underground London deep-level shelters The London Post Office Railway Kingsway Underpass Kingsway telephone exchange The Cabinet War Rooms The London sewerage system (designed by Joseph Bazalgette) Civil defence centres in London References Richard Trench, Ellis Hillman. London Under London. John Murray; ISBN 0719552885.
London Underground - London Underground The London Underground is a public transport network, composed of electrified railways that run underground in tunnels in central London and above ground in the London suburbs. It is usually called either the Underground or the Tube by Londoners. It is the oldest city underground network in the world. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Background 2 Layout 3 History 3.1 World War II 3.2 Post War Developments 4 Tickets 5 Station Access 6 Safety 7 Iconography 7.3 Tube Map 8 The Future 8.4 Privatisation 8.5 Expansion 8.6 Cooling 8.7 Underground stations 9 The Tube in fiction 10 See also 10.8 External Links Background Since 2003 the Tube has been part of Transport for London (TfL), who also schedule and let contracts for the famous.
List of tunnels in the United Kingdom - the United Kingdom. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 England 1.1 Cornwall 1.2 Dover 1.3 East Sussex 1.4 Essex/Kent 1.5 Gloucestershire/Monmouthshire 1.6 London 1.7 Lancashire/Cheshire 1.8 Northamptonshire 1.9 Staffordshire 1.10 West Yorkshire 1.11 South Yorkshire 1.12 County Durham/Northumberland 1.13 Wiltshire 1.14 West Midlands 2 Scotland 2.15 Scottish Highlands 3 Wales 3.16 Monmouthshire 4 See Also England Cornwall Saltash Tunnel connecting the Tamar Bridge and the A38. Dover Channel tunnel East Sussex Cuilfail Tunnel (430 m), A26, Lewes Essex/Kent Dartford Tunnel (1436 m, A282 Gloucestershire/Monmouthshire Severn Tunnel London The London Underground includes 171km of tunnels, with some Northern Line trains running continuously in tunnel for 27.8km between Morden and East Finchley via Bank. Thames foot tunnel, Rotherhithe Tower Subway Blackwall Tunnel Rotherhithe Tunnel (1705m) (road tunnel) Greenwich foot tunnel Woolwich foot tunnel Kingsway.
List of closed London Underground stations - List of closed London Underground stations These stations of the London Underground and its predecessor companies (such as the Metropolitan Railway, the City and South London Railway and Underground Electric Railways of London) are now closed and, for the most part, abandoned. Aldwych tube station (a branch of the Piccadilly Line from Holborn) Blake Hall tube station (Central Line beyond Epping) British Museum tube station (Central Line, between Tottenham Court Road and Holborn) Brompton Road tube station (Piccadilly Line between Knightsbridge and South Kensington) City Road tube station (Northern Line (Bank Branch) between Angel and Old St) Down Street tube station (Picadilly Line, between Green Park and Hyde Park Corner) Hounslow Town tube station (a now-closed branch of the District Railway, from what is now the Piccadilly Line.
King Solomon's Carpet - a novel by Barbara Vine (aka Ruth Rendell) about the London Underground and the people frequenting it. Vine's novel is inhabited by ordinary passengers, tube aficionados, pickpockets, buskers, vigilantes, and children who go "sledging" on the roofs of cars as an initiation rite. The title of the book refers to the legend of King Solomon's magic carpet of green silk which, as it could fly and brought everyone to their destination, is likened to the underground. King Solomon's Carpet is one of the few novels set in London which should be read with the help of a tube map. Warning: Wikipedia contains spoilers Jarvis Stringer is a student of the London Tube and its history and of underground trains worldwide. In order to finance his hobby and be able to travel.
James Martineau - "woke up to the interest of moral and metaphysical speculations." Of his teachers, one, the Rev. Charles Wellbeloved, was, Martineau said, "a master of the true Lardner type, candid and catholic, simple and thorough, humanly fond indeed of the counsels of peace, but piously serving every bidding of sacred truth." The other, the Rev. John Kenrick, he described as a man so learned as to be placed by Dean Stanley "in the same line with Blomfield and Thirlwall," and as "so far above the level of either vanity or dogmatism, that cynicism itself could not think of them in his presence." On leaving the college in 1827 Martineau returned to Bristol to teach in the school of Lant Carpenter; but in the following year he was ordained for a Unitarian church.
James Shirley - - October 29, 1666), English dramatist, was born in London. He belonged to the great period of English dramatic literature, but, in Lamb's words, he "claims a place among the worthies of this period, not so much for any transcendent genius in himself, as that he was the last of a great race, all of whom spoke nearly the same language and had a set of moral feelings and notions in common." His career of play writing extended from 1625 to the suppression of stage plays by parliament in 1642. He was educated at Merchant Taylors' school, St John's College, Oxford, and Catherine Hall, Cambridge, where he took his B.A. degree in or before 1618. His first poem, Echo, or the Unfortunate Lovers (of which no copy is known, but which.
Victoria Line - Victoria Line The Victoria Line is a line of the London Underground, coloured light blue on the Tube map. It is a deep-level "tube" line which runs from the south-west to the north-east of London. It was built in the 1960s, to relieve congestion on other lines, in particular the Piccadilly Line. The Victoria line was designed to maximize the possible interchanges, yet keep a large distance between stations for trains to build up speed. Many stations on the route were rearranged for so-called "cross-platform interchange": each Victoria Line platform was placed adjacent to and parallel with that of the equivalent direction track of the other line, thus making them essentially two faces of a single platform (though they were in different tunnels). This allows quick transfer between lines at stations..
Juliana of the Netherlands - education with children of her own age. As the Dutch constitution specified that she should be ready to succeed to the throne by the age of eighteen, Princess Juliana's education proceeded at a faster pace than that of most children. After five years of primary education, the Princess received her secondary education (to pre-university level) from private tutors. On April 30, 1927, Princess Juliana celebrated her eighteenth birthday. Under the constitution, she had officially come of age and was entitled to assume the royal prerogative, if necessary. Two days later her mother installed her in the 'Raad van State' (=Council of State). A shy introvert, and a young woman of plain features whose religious mother would not allow her to wear makeup, Juliana did not fit the image of a regal.
Islam as a political movement - Qur'an and spirit of Islam, yet justifying its oppressions in the name of Islam! The self-declared Islamic states are thus nothing more than cynical instruments to justify the rule of a particular class, family, or the military." As an example, he notes that "traditional Muslim thought has been very unkind and oppressive to women. While religious scholars constantly recite the list of women's rights in Islam, they have been systematically undermining these very rights for centuries... For example, the Qur'anic advice about modesty in behaviour.. has been interpreted exclusively in terms of the behaviour of women. 'Modest' and 'decent' behaviour for women in public has been interpreted as a rigid dress code despite the...deliberate vagueness which [is] meant to allow all the time-bound changes that are necessary for social and moral.
Highgate tube station - tube station Highgate tube station is a London Underground station in the borough of Haringey, near to Highgate, site of Highgate Cemetery. It is on Archway Road, on the Northern Line between Archway and East Finchley. It is in zone 3. The station was built below an existing LNER station as part of the Northern Heights plan, which would have seen Northern Line trains running (from the Northern City Line) through the surface station as well. The surface station, which lies in an open cutting between two tunnels, was rebuilt at the same time; the whole complex was designed by Charles Holden. Though the deep-level station came into use on January 19, 1941, the Northern Heights plan never came to fruition, and the surface station closed in 1954. The surface platforms.
Huldrych Zwingli - elsewhere. Meditation on these points showed him that the Church had not taught the same truths from the beginning, nor observed the same practices. Like all other Humanists, he read Erasmus, and from him learned that the source of doctrine was the Bible and not the Church. When he could read the New Testament in the original in 1516, thanks to Erasmus, he drank truth from the fountain rather than through the troubled stream of tradition. When he met leading men at Einsiedeln, and found that the corruption of the Church in clergy and theology was a common theme, he ventured to discuss these matters in the pulpit. He also exalted the Bible above the Church as the guide into truth, and Jesus Christ above the Virgin Mary as the intercessor.
Georges Vanier - to the Office of the Governor General. In 1925, he took over command of the Royal 22nd Regiment at La Citadelle, and the following year was appointed an honorary aide-de-camp to Lord Willingdon and was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel in 1924. In 1928, Georges Vanier began a long career in the diplomatic service when he was appointed to Canada's military delegation for disarmament to the League of Nations. In 1931, he was named Secretary to the Office of the High Commissioner in London. This was followed in 1939 with his appointment to the position of Canadian Minister to France -- a post he was forced to flee when the Nazis invaded in 1940. He was appointed commander of the military district of Quebec in 1941, and began an.
Goodge Street tube station - Street tube station Goodge Street is a London Underground station on Tottenham Court Road. It is on the Northern Line between Tottenham Court Road and Warren Street, and is in zone 1. It is the nearest tube station to the main buildings of University College London and the Senate House of the University of London. Goodge Street is one of the few tube stations to rely on lifts rather than escalators to transport passengers to and from street level. It is one of eight London Underground stations which has a deep-level air-raid shelter underneath it..
Great Depression in the United Kingdom - traditional industries which formed the bedrock of Britain's export trade (such as coalmining, shipbuilding and steel) were heavily concentrated in certain areas of Britain, such as the north of England south Wales and central Scotland, while the newer industries were heavily concentrated in southern and central England. Altogether, British industrial output during the 1920s ran at about 80-100%, and exports at about 80%, of their pre-war levels, so there was little chance of Britain being able to amass enough capital to restore her overseas investment position. The Gold Standard From about 1921 Britain had started a slow economic recovery from the war and the subsequent slump. But in April 1925 the Conservative Chancellor, Winston Churchill, on advice from the Bank of England, restored the pound to the gold standard at its.
French railway history - The rapid growth in United States and in the United Kingdom also severely outdistanced that in France. Circumstances did not favour a start as early and as successful as Britain's, because Britain generally had a higher level of industrialization, and France also suffered the handicap of the destruction and turbulence of the Napoleonic Wars and the subsequent process of rebuilding. Other more comparable nations, such as Belgium, however, embarked on large railway-building projects soon after the technology appeared. In France it took a full decade to begin railway construction on a national scale. France's history and level of development almost certainly account for this delay. France's economy in 1832 had not developed sufficiently to support a railway industry of national scope. The limited iron industry for many years forced French railways.
Eamon de Valera - was delayed by practicalities; had he been held with Padraig Pearse, James Connolly and others, he probably would have been one of the first executed. Secondly, his rumoured American citizenship caused a delay, while the full legal situation (ie, was he actually a United States citizen and if so, how would the United States react to the execution of one of its citizens?) was clarified. Both two delays taken together meant that, while he was next-in-line for execution, when the time came for a decision, all executions had been halted in view of the negative public reaction. So timing, location and questions relating to citizenship saved deV's life. Freed under an amnesty in 1917, he was elected member of the British House of Commons for East Clare (the constituency which he.
English Civil War - of reforms in the Church to make it more ceremonial, starting with the replacement of the wooden communion tables with stone altars. Puritans accused Laud of trying to reintroduce Catholicism, and when they complained Laud had them arrested. In 1637 John Bastwick, Henry Burton and William Prynne had their ears cut off for writing pamphlets attacking Laud's views - a rare penalty for gentlemen to suffer, and one that aroused anger. To make matters worse, Laud and Charles both agreed that a necessary first step to true unification of Scotland and England was to introduce a common prayer book. The Scots reacted explosively when it was introduced in the spring of 1638, and sought to purge bishops from the Scots church altogether. It took a year, but Charles raised an army.
England, England - hand, England, England is the story of Sir Jack Pitman's gigantic project of draining England of everything that is quintessentially English (including the royals), reassembling it on the Isle of Wight and turning that island into an independent member state of the European Union -- a project which quite soon develops its own dynamic and which survives its founding fathers and mothers. At the end of the novel, which reaches well into the 21st century, "Old England", which has adopted its old name, Anglia, is a depopulated country (there is talk of "boat people") reduced in size (after a blitzkrieg, it only consists of the old Anglo-Saxon heptarchy) and characterized by atavism (cf. "Deep England"), while England, England (i e the former Isle of Wight) is still going strong both as.
