Motorola 68000 - Motorola 68000 The Motorola 68000 is a CISC microprocessor, the first member of a successful family of microprocessors, which were all mostly software compatible. The entire series was often referred to as the m68k, or simply 68k Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 The 68000 family 2 History 3 Architecture 3.1 Address bus 3.2 Internal registers 3.3 Status register 3.4 The instruction set 3.5 Privilege levels 3.6 Interrupts 4 Instruction set details The 68000 family Motorola 68EC000 Motorola 68HC000 Motorola 68008 Motorola 68010 Motorola 68012 Motorola 68020 Motorola 68EC020 Motorola 68030 Motorola 68EC030 Motorola 68040 Motorola 68EC040 Motorola 68LC040 Motorola 68060 Motorola CPU32 (aka Motorola 68330) Motorola Coldfire Motorola Dragonball People who are familiar with the PDP-11 or VAX usually feel comfortable with the 68000. With the.
Motorola 68020 - Motorola 68020 The 68020 is a microprocessor from Motorola. It is the successor to the Motorola 68010 and is succeeded by the Motorola 68030. The 68020 had 32-bit internal and external data and address buses and a 256-byte instruction buffer, arranged as 64 direct-mapped 4-byte entries. A lower cost version, the 68EC020, only had a 24-bit address bus. The 68020 added many improvements to the 68010 including a 32-bit arithmetic and logical unit (ALU) and external data bus and address bus, and new instrucitons and addressing modes. The 68020 (and 68030) had a proper three-stage pipeline. The new instructions included some minor improvements and extensions to the supervisor state, some support for high-level languages which did not get used much (and was removed from future 680x0.
Motorola 68030 - Motorola 68030 The 68030 is a 32-bit microprocessor in Motorola's 68000 family, with on-chip split instruction and data cache of 256 bytes each. The 68030 has an on-chip memory management unit. The 68881 and the faster 68882 FPU (floating point unit) chips could be used with the 68030. A lower cost version of the 68030, the Motorola 68EC030, was also released, lacking the on-chip MMU. The 68030 was the successor to the Motorola 68020, and was followed by the Motorola 68040. The 68030 was used in many models of the Apple Macintosh II and Amiga series of personal computers as well as the Atari Falcon. Note: In keeping with general Motorola naming, this CPU is often referred to as the '030. This article (or an earlier.
Motorola 68040 - Motorola 68040 The 68040 is a microprocessor from Motorola. It is the successor to the Motorola 68030 and is followed by the Motorola 68060 (the 68050 was a failure and never shipped). The 68040 is the first 680x0 family member with an on-chip FPU (floating point unit). It thus includes all of the functionality that previously required external chips, namely the FPU and MMU (which was added in the 030). It also has split instruction and data caches of 4 kilobytes each. It is fully pipelined, with six stages. Versions of the '040' were created for specific market segments, including the 68LC040 which removed the FPU, and the 68EC040 which removed both the FPU and MMU. Various versions were used in the Amiga and Apple Macintosh.
Motorola 68060 - Motorola 68060 The 68060 is a 32-bit microprocessor from Motorola, and is the successor to the Motorola 68040. The 68060 is the highest performance 680x0 family processor available. It has 2 to 3 times the performance capability of the 68040. The 68060 was the last development of the 680x0 series for general purpose use, abandoned in favour of the PowerPC chips. It saw use in some late-model Amiga machines, but Apple Computer and the Unix world had moved onto various RISC platforms. Perhaps its most memorable use was in American broadcast television graphics. Chyron's Infinit!, Max!, and Maxine! series of television character generators used the 68060 as the main processor. These character generators were a fixture in any self-respecting American television network affiliate station. Developments of.
Motorola 6809 - Motorola 6809 The 6809 is an 8-bit microprocessor from Motorola, circa 1982. The 6809 was a major advance over both its predecessors, the in-house Motorola 6800 and this one's near clone the MOS Technologies 6502. The 6809 had two 8-bit accumulators, rather than one in the 6502, and could combine them into a single 16-bit register. It also featured two 16-bit index registers and two stack pointers, allowing very advanced addressing modes. Description The 6809 was source-compatible with the 6800, even though the 6800 had 78 instructions and the 6809 only had 59. Some instructions were replaced by more general ones which the assembler would translate, and some were even replaced by addressing modes. The instruction set and register complement were highly orthogonal, making assembly language.
Motorola 68010 - Motorola 68010 The Motorola MC68010 processor is a 16/32bit microprocessor from the early 1980s. It is largely similar to the Motorola 68000 CPU with the exception of the addition of several instructions for breakpoint and register control, as well as the ability to save all of the processor state on an interrupt. This made it far easier to use for virtual memory applications, for which the 68000 was unsuited. The idea appears to have been to allow the 68010 to be used with the 68551 MMU, but problems with the design made this impractical. (like what?) The 68010 was never as popular as the 68000 as the added complexity and cost turned out to not be worthwhile in practice. Most vendors looking for the MMU functionality.
Motorola 88000 - Motorola 88000 The 88000 was Motorola's attempt at a home-grown RISC (now often referred to as a load-store) design, started in the 1980s. Originally called the 78000 as a homage to their famed 68000 series, the design went though a tortured development path (including the name change) before finally emerging in 1988. This was some two years after its competition in the form of the SPARC and MIPS, and the 88000 never managed to catch on. Like the 68000 before it, the 88000 was considered to be a very "clean" design. It was a pure 32-bit system, using a true Harvard architecture with completely separate data and address busses (and caches), had a small but powerful command set, and—like all Motorola CPUs—did not use memory segmentation..
Motorola 68050 - Motorola 68050 There technically was no Motorola 68050. The successor to the Motorola 68040 was the Motorola 68060. The even numbers (68000, 68020, 68060) were reserved for major revisions to the 680x0 core. The odd numbers (68010, 68030, 68050) were minor upgrades from the previous chip. For example, the Motorola 68010 was a 68000 with some minor enhancements and modifications to some user/superuser instruction assignments. The Motorola 68030 was a 68020 with an MMU and more minor enhancements. The 68050 would have been a 68040 with some bugs fixed, which didn't really warrant a new name so it was sold as a 68040. This article (or an earlier version of it) contains material from FOLDOC, used with permission. Update as needed..
Motorola 680x0 - Motorola 680x0 Motorola 680x0 means any member for the Motorola 68000 family of microprocessors from Motorola, Inc. The "x" stands for 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 6. See Motorola 68000 for details. This article (or an earlier version of it) contains material from FOLDOC, used with permission. Update as needed..
Motorola 56000 - Motorola 56000 The Motorola 56000 (56k) is a family of DSP chips produced by Motorola from the 1980s on, still continuing to be produced in more advanced models in the 2000s. The 56k series were popular for a time in a number of computers, including the NeXT boxes, two models of the Apple Macintosh, and the SGI Indigo. These chips, upgrades and modifications are still used today in audio gear, radars, communications devices (like cell phones) and various other embedded DSP applications. The DSP56000 uses fixed-point math with 24-bit program words and 24-bit data words. It includes two 24-bit registers, which can also be referred to as a single 48-bit register. It also includes two 56-bit accumulators, which add an 8-bit "extension" to what is otherwise.
Motorola CPU32 - Motorola CPU32 The Motorola CPU32 is a family of compatible microcontrollers that use a 68000 CPU. The family was designed using software that compiles a computer language into hardware. The submodules of the microcontroller were designed independently and released as new CPUs could be tested. This process let the architects perform "design-ahead" so that when silicon technlogies were available, Motorola had designs ready to implement and go to market. The microcontrollers consist of a series of parts, connected by an internal bus: The CPU, designed to minimize transistors while maximizing performance. The CPU has a high-speed clocked serial debugger interface called "background debug mode." The 68300-series was the first to have a clocked serial interface to the CPU to perform debugging. Now, many CPUs use a.
James H. Clark - Silicon Graphics graphical workstations were mainly terminals, but soon newer models were stand-alone graphical UNIX workstations with very fast graphics rendering hardware. The variety of UNIX developed by Silicon Graphics is known as IRIX. During the mid-1980s, Silicon Graphics bought chipmaker MIPS, Inc. and used the MIPS CPU as the foundation of their newest workstations, replacing the Motorola 68000. Soon, Silicon Graphics became the world leader in the production of Hollywood movie special effects and 3-D imaging. Silicon Graphics did not rely on high sales as they could charge more for their special high-end hardware and special graphics software. However, by the early 1990s, Jim Clark had a falling out with Silicon Graphics management and got the itch to start a completely new and different enterprise. In 1992, Clark and Mark.
JOVIAL programming language - and retargeting the software to newer, more modern computer platforms and environments. The standard package (the "integrated tool set" or ITS) contains a compiler, a MIL-STD-1750A assembler, linker, and simulator/debugger. It is available hosted from (runs on) either a DEC VAX or a PC. Versions are also available that target (produce executable code for) the Intel 80386 (and derivatives), MIPS R4000, AP-101, Zilog Z8002, and Motorola 68000 processors. Notable systems using JOVIAL include the Advanced Cruise Missile, B-52, B-1, and B-2 bombers, C-130, C-141, and C-17 transport aircraft, F-15, F-16, F-18, and F-117 fighter aircraft, LANTIRN, U-2 aircraft, E-3 Sentry AWACS aircraft, Special Operations Forces, Navy AEGIS cruisers, Army Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS), Army UH-60 Blackhawk helicopters, F100, F117, F119 jet engines, and RL-10 rocket engines..
Intel 8088 - descendants of the 8088 line include the 80188, 80288 (obsolete), and 80388 microcontrollers which are still in use today. The most influential microcomputer to use the 8088 was, by far, the IBM PC. The original PC processor ran at a clock frequency of 4.77 MHz. Apparently IBM's own engineers wanted to use the Motorola 68000, and it was used later in the forgotten IBM Instruments 9000 Laboratory Computer, but IBM already had rights to manufacture the 8086 family, in exchange for giving Intel the rights to its bubble memory designs. A factor for using the 8-bit Intel 8088 version was that it could use existing Intel 8085-type components, and allowed the computer to be based on a modified 8085 design. 68000 components were not widely available at the time, though it.
Indata - microcomputers, located in Oslo, Norway. The computers were built around Motorola 68000 family CPUs, and ran the Unix operating system. The best known model was the IN4200..
VMEbus - is a computer bus standard originally developed for the Motorola 68000 line of CPUs, but later widely used for many applications. It is physically based on the Eurocard sizes, mechanicals and connectors, but uses its own signalling system, which Eurocard does not define. It was first developed in 1981, and continues to see widespread used today. History In 1979 Motorola were developing their new 68000 CPU, and one of their engineers, Jack Kister, desided to set about creating a standardized bus system for 68000-based systems, which he called VERSAbus. He was later joined by John Black, who refined the specifications and created the VERSAmodule product concept. Sven Rau and Max Loesel of Motorola-Europe added a mechanical specification to the system, basing it on the Eurocard standard that was then late in.
Home computer - Home computers most often had their OS, of which one part was usually a BASIC interpreter, stored in one or more ROM chips. The term software commonly denoted application programs sitting 'above' the OS to perform a specific task, e.g. wordprocessors or games. As many older computers have become obsolete it has become popular amongst enthusiasts to enable one type of computer to emulate another via the use of emulation software. Thus, many of the operating environments for the computers listed below can be recreated on a modern PC. The home computer was commonly based on 8-bit microprocessor technology, typically the MOS Technologies 6502 or the Zilog Z80. During the early to mid-1980s a large variety of 8-bit home computers were designed and marketed. These were then gradually supplanted by the.
HP-UX - ran on the HP 9000 Series 200, 300, and 400 computer systems based on the Motorola 68000 series of processors, as well as the HP 9000 Series 500 computers based on HP's proprietary FOCUS processor architecture. HP-UX differs from other Unix and Unix-like operating systems in that was the first to use access control lists for file access permissions rather than the standard Unix permissions system..
GEM - Inc. (DRI) for use with the CP/M operating system on the Intel 8088 and Motorola 68000 microprocessors. Later versions ran over MS-DOS as well. It was a low-cost alternative to Microsoft Windows that was generally much more functional until Windows 3.0 was released, at which point GEM essentially disappeared. GEM is known primarily as the GUI for the Atari ST series of computers, and somewhat less well known as the operating system for a series of PC-like computers from Amstrad. It was also the core for a small number of MS-DOS programs, the most notable being Ventura Publisher. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 History 2 Description 3.
