PIC microcontroller - PIC microcontroller PIC, is a family of RISC microcontrollers made by Microchip Technology, derived from the PIC1650 originally developed by General Instrument's Microelectronics Division. Microchip Technology does not use PIC as an acronym (in fact they call their chips PICmicros). It is generally regarded that PIC stands for Peripheral Interface Controller, General Instruments' original designation of the PIC1650. The original PIC was built to be used with GI's new 16-bit CPU, the CP1600. While generally a good CPU, the CP1600 had poor I/O performance, and the 8-bit PIC was developed in 1975 to improve performance of the overall system by offloading I/O tasks from the CPU. The PIC used simple microcode stored in ROM to perform its tasks, and although the term wasn't used at the.
PIC16F84 - PIC16F84 The PIC16F84 is a microcontroller in the PIC family of controllers, produced by Microchip Technology. It has serial communications, timer, and PIC I/O controls. This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by fixing it..
PIC - PIC PIC may stand for: PIC microcontroller Picture Pacific Islanders in Communications Pacific Islands Club Parallel interference cancellation Parent Indicator Code (US military) Particle-in-cell Particulate inorganic carbon Partners in Crime (band) Patrol in Council (Scouts) Peripheral Imaging Corporation Peripheral inserted catheter Peripheral interface controller Peripheral intravenous catheter Person in charge Personal identification card Personal identification code Personal information carrier Personal information collection Personal Information Communicator Personal interactive communicator Personnel Investigations Center (US govt) Photographic Interpretation Center (several US) Photographic Interpretation Centre (UK) Photonic integrated circuit Pilot in command (aviation) Pitch-In Canada Plastic insulated cable Plastic insulated conductor Plume impingement contamination Pocket ion chamber Polyisocyanurate Port interface card Portable intensive care Position independent code (computers) Potential impact circle Predesignated Interexchange Carrier Primary Interexchange Carrier.
Microcontroller - Microcontroller A microcontroller is a microprocessor optimised to be used to control electronic equipment (see embedded system). Microcontrollers represent the vast majority of all computer chips sold, over 50% are "simple" controllers, and another 20% are more specialized DSP's. While you may have one or two general-purpose microprocessors in your house (you're using one to read this), you likely have somewhere between one and two dozen microcontrollers. They can be found in almost any electrical device, washing machines, microwave ovens, telephones etc. A microcontroller includes CPU, memory for the program (ROM), memory for data (RAM), I/O lines to communicate with peripherals and complementary resources, all this in a closed chip. A microcontroller differs from a standalone CPU, because the first one generally is quite easy to.
Domobot - connected to a home automation network, and microbot means a mobile robot with a microcontroller - typically a PIC. Domobots can be connected to a domotic controller (a computer or similar device) through a cable (USB port) or wirelessly (usually through a WiFi port). They are mostly used for domestic work, such as vacuum-cleaning, and transporting objects around the house to wash or iron them, etc. A domobot is not the same as a home robot. For example, the Roomba (http://www.roombavac.com ) is a home robot but not a domobot, because it does not have a port (e.g. WiFi or USB) to connect it to the domotic network..
Football at the 1924 Summer Olympics - 1924 Summer Olympics http://multimedia.olympic.org/pic/gal1924s_l_19.jpg Uruguay dominated the Football tournament winning the Gold. Switzerland won Silver. Sweden won Bronze. URUGUAYAN TEAM: ANDRADE, José ARISPE, Pedro CASELLA, P. CEA, Pedro CHIAPPARA, L. ETCHEGOYEN, P. GHIERRA, Alfredo MAZALI, Andrés NASAZZI, José NAYA, José PETRONE, Pedro ROMANO, Angel SALDOMBIDE, Z. SCARONE, Hector SOMMA, P. TOMASINA, Alberto URDINARAN, Antonio URDINARAN, Santos URIARTE, F. VIDAL, José ZIBECHI, Alfredo J. ZINGONE, P. SWISS TEAM: ABEGGLEN, Max BEDOURET, Félix BOUVIER, C. DIETRICH, Walter EHRENBOLGER, Karl FÄSSLER, Paul GOTTENKIENY, G. HAAG, J. KATZ, M. KRAMER, Edmond MENGOTTI, Adolphe OBERHAUSER, August PACHE, Robert POLLITZ, Aron PULVER, Hans RAMSEYER, Rudolf REYMOND, Adolphe RICHARD, L. SCHAR, T. SCHMIEDLIN, Paul STURZENEGGER, Paul WEILER, Walter SWEDISH TEAM: ALFREDSSON, Axel BROMMESSON, Charles CARLSON, Gustaf DAHL, Albin FRIBERG, Sven GUSTAFSSON, Karl HILLEN, Fritjof HIRSCH, Konrad HOLMBERG, Gunnar.
Pictor - Pictor Pictor (abbr. Pic, genitive Pictoris), the Sculptor's easel, is one of the minor southern (declination -50 to -60) constellations. It contains the star β Pictoris that is surrounded by a dust disk..
JAL - Japan Airlines. 2. An open-source Pascal compiler for PIC microcontrollers..
Industrial and manufacturing engineering - tasks such as order-entry, as well as conventional manufacturing tasks. Producibility Another engineering discipline is "producibility." Quite frequently, manufactured products have unnecessary precision, production operations or parts. Simple redesign can eliminate these, lowering costs and increasing manufacturability, reliability and profits. For example, Russian liquid-fuel rocket motors are intentionally designed to permit ugly (though leak-free) welding, to eliminate grinding and finishing operations that do not help the motor function better. Some Japanese disk brakes have parts toleranced to three millimeters, an easy-to-meet precision. When combined with crude statistical process controls, this assures that less than one in a million parts will fail to fit. Many vehicle manufacturers have active programs to reduce the numbers and types of fasteners in their product, to reduce inventory, tooling and assembly costs. Another producibility technique is.
Integrated circuit - the first time it became possible to fabricate a CPU or even an entire microprocessor on a single integrated circuit. In 1986 the first one megabyte RAM was introduced, which contained more than one million transistors. Microprocessor chips produced in 1994 contained more than three million transistors. This step was largely made possible by the codification ( see: Carver Mead and Lynn Conway) of "design rules" for the CMOS technology used in VLSI chips, which made production of working devices much more of a systematic endeavour. Further Developments The most extreme integration technique is wafer-scale integration (WSI), which uses whole uncut wafers containing entire computers (processors as well as memory). Attempts to take this step commercially in the 1980s (e.g. by Gene Amdahl) failed, and it does not now seem to.
INMOS Transputer - that normally required the operating system to handle as the arbiter of hardware. Operating systems on the Transputer did not have to handle scheduling, in fact, one could consider the chip itself to have an OS inside it. In order to include all this functionality on a single chip, the Transputer's core logic was simpler than most CPUs. It used a RISC-based design, but unlike the more common register-heavy load-store RISC CPUs, the Transputer was a stack-based system with only a few registers. This allowed for very fast context switching by simply changing the stack pointer to the memory used by another program (a technique used in a number of contemporary designs). The Transputer also included three "normal" registers, but they were in fact mirrors of the top three stack positions,.
Fuzzy control system - or "bogus logic". Some other name might be preferable, such as dynamic logic. But still, fuzzy logic is actually very straightforward. Antilock brakes As a first example, consider an anti-lock braking system, directed by a microcontroller chip. The microcontroller has to make decisions based on brake temperature, speed, and other variables in the system. The variable "temperature" in this system can be subdivided into a range of "states": "cold", "cool", "moderate", "warm", "hot", "very hot". The transition from one state to the next is hard to define. An arbitrary static threshold might be set to divide "warm" from "hot". Like at exactly 90 degrees, warm ends and hot begins. But this would result in a discontinuous change when the input value passed over that threshold. The transition wouldn't be smooth, as.
Embedded system - the IC's design. The software tools (compilers, assemblers and debugger) used to develop an embedded system can come from several sources: Software companies that specialize in the embedded market Ported from the GNU software development tools Sometimes, development tools for a personal computer can be used if the embedded processor is a close relative to a common PC processor. They often have no operating system, or a real-time operating system, or the programmer is assigned to port one of these to the new system. Debugging is usually performed with an in-circuit emulator, or some type of debugger that can interrupt the microcontroller's internal microcode. The microcode interrupt lets the debugger operate in hardware in which only the CPU works. The CPU-based debugger can be used to test and debug the electronics.
Atmel AVR - AVR is a family of RISC microcontrollers from Atmel. Unlike the PIC, the AVR instruction set is compatible across models. The AVR was designed for efficient execution of compiled C code. Thus some instructions, such as add immediate, are strangely missing (you have to subtract immediate the complement instead) and others, such as compare with carry, are included. Like the PIC, it has a dedicated hobbyist following (exemplified by the "AVRFreaks" forum), largely due to the existence of cheap/free development tools, for instance a port of the GNU tools..
Test card - F and its successor Test Card J, used on the BBC and ITV from the beginning of colour broadcasts in the late 1960s. See separate articles for full details. Formerly a common sight, test cards are now only rarely seen. Two things have led to the demise of the test card: Modern microcontroller-controlled televisions rarely if ever need adjustment, so test cards are much less important than previously. The financial imperatives of commercial television broadcasting mean that air-time is now typically filled with programmes and commercials 24 hours a day, and non-commercial broadcasters have to match this. See also Images of test cards Trade test transmission External Link The Test Card Gallery.
Robot - and action - not under direct action-by-action human control. Usually, the intelligence is a computer or microcontroller running a program. However, much work has been done on robots with wired intelligence. The action is usually motors or actuators that move an arm or propel the robot. Web bots are named after robots, but exist only in code, and move throughout web pages gathering information. Such entities are usually called software agents to distinguish them from a robot with a body. This definition is rather loose, as even an air conditioner will satisfy the criteria. Therefore roboticists extend the definition by adding a criterion that robots must be entities that perform more than one action. Therefore, air conditioners and similar single-function entities are reduced to a control problem. Alternately, robot has been.
Programming language - have been introduced, have replaced each other, and have been modified/combined. Although there have been several attempts to make a universal computer language that serves all purposes, all of them have failed. The need for a significant range of computer languages is caused by the fact that the purpose of programming languages varies from commercial software development to scientific to hobby use; the gap in skill between novices and experts is huge and some languages are too difficult for beginners to come to grips with; computer programmers have different preferences; and finally, acceptable runtime cost may be very different for programs running on a microcontroller and programs running on a supercomputer. There are many special purpose languages, for use in special situations: PHP is a scripting language that is especially suited.
Value engineering - The decision stage - In the final stage, the best alternative will be chosen and presented to the client. The Origins of Value Engineering Value engineering began at General Electric Co. during World War II. Because of the war, there were shortages of skilled labour, raw materials, and component parts. Lawrence Miles and Harry Erlicher at G.E. looked for acceptable substitutes. They noticed that these substitutions often reduced costs, improved the product, or both. What started out as an accident of necessity was turned into a systematic process. They called their technique “value analysis”. As others adopted the technique, the name gradually changed to value engineering. Examples of Value Engineering Russian liquid-fuel rocket motors are intentionally designed to permit ugly (though leak-free) welding. This reduces costs by eliminating grinding and finishing.
Jimmy Dorsey - to form his own band in 1935. Jimmy continued leading his own band until the start of the 1950s. In 1953 he joined Tommy's Orchestra, renamed "The Fabulous Dorseys"; he took over leadership of the orchestra after Tommy's death. Jimmy Dorsey appeared in a number of Hollywood motion pictures, including That Girl From Paris, Shall We Dance, The Fleet's In, Lost in Harlem, I Dood It, and the bio-pic with his brother Tommy, The Fabulous Dorseys. Dorsey is considered one of the most prominent alto saxophone players of the pre-bebop era. Jimmy Dorsey died of cancer in New York City..
I²C - and the number of pins. A large package has more pins, thus more assembly steps when manufactured, more area on a printed circuit board, more weight, and more connections to fail. All of those cost money to make, assemble and test, and can increase operational expenses (fuel), or decrease convenience (weight is critical in cell-phones, for example). A particular strength of I2C is that a microcontroller can control a network of several chips with just two general-purpose I/O pins and software. Although much slower than most bus systems, the low expense is excellent for peripherals that have to exist, but need not be fast. The bus is often used for built-in-tests, volume, tone and color balance controls, low-speed analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog controllers, real-time-clocks, small non-volatile memories (used to preserve user-settable options),.
