Philip Pope - Philip Pope Philip Pope is British a composer and actor. He has performed the BBC cult radio comedy series Radio Active and has also appeared in a number of TV comedy shows, including Who Dares Wins and KYTV. Philip Pope has composed a large amount of music for radio and television including the theme tunes for Through the Keyhole, Whose Line Is It Anyway, KYTV and My Hero. He also co-wrote with Richard Curtis the Hee Bee Gee Bees' single "Meaningless Songs" (B-side "Posing in the Moonlight") released in 1980 to parody the style of a series of Bee Gees disco hits. The Hee Bee Gee Bees went on to record two albums spoofing numerous acts including The Eagles, Michael Jackson, The Police, Status Quo and.
Antipope - to have been invalid have set up claimants to the Papacy, and usually in opposition to a specific pope. A person so chosen is known as an antipope. The earliest of these, Hippolytus, was elected in protest against Pope Callixtus I by a schismatic group in the city of Rome in the 3rd century. Hippolytus ended his life, however, in exile during Roman imperial persecution in the mines on the island of Sardinia in the company of Callixtus's successor Pope Pontian, and was reconciled to the Catholic Church. The late 14th and early 15th century saw a series of rival popes elected, one line of which is counted by the Roman Catholic Church as popes and the other as antipopes. The scandal of multiple claimants added to the demands for reform.
Philipp Melanchthon - Scholar 10.3 As Theologian 10.4 As Moralist 10.5 As Exegete 10.6 As Historian and Preacher 10.7 As Professor and Philosopher 10.8 Personal Appearance and Character 11 References Early Life and Education Melanchthon was born at Bretten, near Karlsruhe, where his father, Georg Schwarzerd, was armorer to Count Palatine Philip. In 1507 he was sent to the Latin school at Pforzheim, the rector of which, Georg Simler of Wimpfen, introduced him to the study of the Latin and Greek poets and of the philosophy of Aristotle. But he was chiefly influenced by his great-uncle, Johann Reuchlin, the great representative of humanism, who advised him to change his family name, Schwarzerd (literally Black-earth), into the Greek equivalent Melanchthon. Not yet thirteen years old, he entered in 1509 the University of Heidelberg where he.
Philip II of Spain - Philip II of Spain Philip II (May 21, 1527 - September 13, 1598), King of Spain, was born at Valladolid, the only son of the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V and Isabella of Portugal. Philip II, the self-proclaimed leader of Counter-Reformation, assumed the throne in 1556 with a great deal of potential, inheriting from his uncle Ferdinand the Habsburg lands in Austria together with the imperial crown of the Holy Roman Empire, thus inheriting the Netherlands, Franche-Comté, Naples, Sicily, and Milan. With Spain, however, Philip inherited a new empire overseas, which was far more lucrative than his father's empire in Germany. The death of Charles V also divided the Habsburg territories, freeing Philip from the burden of governing the unstable German Reich. With no strong monarch.
Philip IV of France - Philip IV of France Philippe IV, the Fair (French Philippe le Bel) (1268 - November 29, 1314) was King of France from 1285 to 1314. A member of the Capetian Dynasty, he was born at the Royal Palace of Fontainebleau, Seine-et-Marne the son of King Philippe III and Isabelle d'Aragon. He was called Philippe the Fair because of his handsome appearance. As king, he was determined to strengthen the monarchy at any cost. - Philippe IV - Philippe married Jeanne of Navarre (1271-1305) on August 16, 1284. King Philippe IV arrested Jews so he could seize their goods to accommodate his spendthrift lifestyle. When he also levied taxes on the French clergy of one half their annual income, he caused an uproar within the Roman Catholic.
Philip I of France - Philip I of France Philippe I (May 23, 1052 - July 29, 1108) was King of France. A member of the Capetian Dynasty, Philippe was born on May 23, 1052, the son of Henri I (1008-1060) and Princess Anne of Kiev, Russia (1024 - 1075). Although he was crowned king at the age of seven, until 1066 his mother acted as Regent, the first queen ever to do so. Philippe's first marriage was to Bertha of Holland (1055-July 30, 1094). Their children were: Constance (1078 - c. 1125) Louis VI (December 1, 1081 - August 1, 1137) Although the marriage produced the necessary heir, Philippe fell in love with Bertrade, the wife of the count of Anjou. When he divorced Bertha and married Bertrade on May.
Philip of Swabia - Philip of Swabia Philip of Swabia (1177-1208), German king and duke of Swabia, the rival of the emperor Otto IV, was the fifth and youngest son of the emperor Frederick I and Beatrix, daughter of Renaud III, count of Upper Burgundy, and consequently brother of the emperor Henry VI. He entered the church, was made provost of Aix-la-Chapelle, and in 1190 or 1191 was chosen bishop of Würzburg. Having accompanied his brother Henry to Italy in 1191, Philip forsook his ecclesiastical calling, and, travelling again to Italy, was made duke of Tuscany in 1195 and received an extensive grant of lands. In 1196 he became duke of Swabia, on the death of his brother Conrad; and in May 1197 he married Irene, daughter of the eastern.
Philip Howard, 20th Earl of Arundel - Philip Howard, 20th Earl of Arundel Philip Howard, Earl of Arundel (June 28, 1537 - October 19, 1595) was an English nobleman. He was canonized by Pope Paul VI in 1970. He is variously numbered as 20th or 1st Earl of Arundel. Arundel was the eldest son of Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk and Mary Fitzalan, daughter of Henry Fitzalan, 19th Earl of Arundel. He was christened at Whitehall Palace with the royal family in attendance, and was named after his godfather, Philip II of Spain. His father was attainted and executed in 1572, but Philip Howard succeeded to his mother's heritage upon the death of his grandfather, becoming Earl of Arundel in 1580. Arundel, and much of his family, became Catholic at a time.
Philip Neri - Philip Neri Philip Romolo Neri (Filippo de Neri; called, Apostle of Rome), (July 21, 1515 - May 26, 1595), Italian churchman, was born at Florence, noted for founding a society of secular priests called the "Congregation of the Oratory". Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Early life 2 Mission work and founding of the Oratory 3 Political interference 4 Character 4.1 Personal 4.2 The Oratory 5 Reference 5.3 Authorities Early life He was the youngest child of Francesco Neri, a lawyer of that city, and his wife Lucrezia Soldi, a woman of noble birth, whose family had long served the state. He was carefully brought up, and received his early teaching from the friars at San Marco, the famous Dominican monastery in Florence. He was accustomed in.
Pope Benedict XI - Pope Benedict XI Benedict XI, pope (1303-1304), succeeded the famous Boniface VII, but was unable to carry out his Ultramontane policy. He released Philip the Fair of France from the excommunication laid upon him by Boniface, and practically ignored the bull Unam Sanctum. The popes who immediately succeeded him were completely under the influence of the kings of France, and removed the Papal seat from Rome to Avignon, sometimes known as the Babylonian Captivity. Preceded by: Pope Boniface VIII List of popes Succeeded by: Pope Clement V.
Pope Boniface VIII - Pope Boniface VIII Boniface VIII (died October 11, 1303) was Pope of the Roman Catholic Church from 1294 to 1303. Boniface's given name was Benedict Cajetan, or Benedetto Gaetano. He was regarded as a man of great ability, and was elected in 1294 after Celestine V was persuaded to resign. Boniface VIII meddled incessantly in foreign affairs, and put forward some of the strongest claims to temporal as well as spiritual supremacy of any pope. He issued the very last word in Papal Supremacy in his Bull of 1302, Unam Sanctam, in which he stated that it "is necessary for salvation that every living creature be under submission to the Roman pontiff". His bitterest quarrels were with the emperor Albert I of Habsburg, with the powerful.
Pope Clement III - Pope Clement III Clement III, pope (1187-1191), (Paulino Scolari, bishop of Praeneste) was elected pope in December 1187, and died in March 1191. He succeeded shortly after his accession in allaying the discords which had prevailed for half a century between the Popes and the citizens of Rome, in virtue of an agreement by which the latter were allowed to elect their magistrates, while the nomination of the governor of the city remained in the hands of the Pope. He incited Henry II of England and Philip Augustus to undertake the Third Crusade, and introduced several minor reforms in ecclesiastical matters. from the 9th edition (1876) of an unnamed encyclopedia Preceded by: Pope Gregory VIII List of popes Succeeded by: Pope Celestine III Not to be.
Pope Clement V - Pope Clement V Clement V (1264 - April 20, 1314), pope (1305-1314), (Bertrand de Gouth, archbishop of Bordeaux, France) is memorable in history for his suppression of the order of the Templars, and as the pope who removed the seat of the Roman see to Avignon. Bertrand was vicar-general to his brother, the archbishop of Lyons, who in 1294 was created cardinal bishop of Albano. He was a chaplain to Boniface VIII, who made him archbishop of Bordeaux. He was elected in June 1305, after a year's interregnum occasioned by the disputes between the French and Italian cardinals, who were nearly equally balanced in the conclave, which had to be held at Perugia. Bertrand was neither Italian nor a cardinal, and his election might have been.
Pope Clement XIV - Pope Clement XIV Clement XIV (died September 22, 1774) was pope from 1769 to 1774. He was born Giovanni Vincenzo Antonio Ganganelli and was originally a Franciscan friar. Having acquired a great reputation as a preacher, he became the friend and confidant of Pope Benedict XIV, and was created a cardinal by his successor. He was elected Pope on May 19, 1769, after a conclave extremely agitated by the intrigues and pretensions of the Catholic sovereigns, who were resolved to exclude every candidate favourable to the Jesuits. Theiner has satisfactorily vindicated Ganganelli from the charge of having given a formal pledge on this subject. He may probably have leaned to the views of the Catholic powers, but if so his motive was widely different from the.
Pope Gregory XV - Pope Gregory XV Gregory XV (Alessandro Ludovisio), pope (1621-1623), born at Bologna in 1554, succeeded Paul V on February 9, 1621. Beyond assisting the German emperor against the Protestants, and the king of Poland against the Turks, he interfered little in European politics. He was a learned divine and manifested a reforming spirit; and his pontificate was marked by the canonization of St Theresa of Avila, Francis Xavier, Ignatius Loyola, and Philip Neri. He died on July 18, 1623, and was succeeded by Urban VIII Reference Some text from the 9th edition (1880) of an unnamed encyclopedia. Preceded by: Pope Paul V List of popes Succeeded by: Pope Urban VIII.
Pope Gregory XIII - Pope Gregory XIII Gregory XIII, pope (1572-1585), born Ugo Buoncampagno February 7, 1502, at Bologna, where he studied law and graduated in 1530, and afterwards taught jurisprudence for some years, Alexander Farnese and Charles Borromeo being among his pupils. At the age of thirty-six he was summoned to Rome by Paul III, under whom he held successive appointments as frst judge of the capital, abbreviator, and vice-chancellor of the campagna; by Paul IV he was attached as datarius to the suite of Cardinal Carafa; and by Pope Pius IV he was created cardinal priest and sent to the council of Trent. Bah the death of Pius IV in May 1572, the choice of the conclave fell upon Buonocampagno, who assumed the name of Gregory XIII. His.
Pope Urban VIII - Pope Urban VIII Urban VIII was pope from 1623-1644. He was born Maffeo Barberini in 1568 to an important Florentine family. Through the influence of an uncle, who had become apostolic protonotary, he, while still a young man, received various promotions from Sixtus V and Gregory XIV. By Clement VIII he was himself made protonotary and nuncio to the French court; Paul V also employed him in a similar capacity, afterwards raising him to the cardinalate and making him the papal legate to Bologna. On 6 August 1623, he was chosen successor to Gregory XV. His pontificate, covering as it did twenty-one years of the Thirty Years' War, was an eventful one, and the ultimate result of that great struggle was largely determined by Urban's policy,.
Pope Innocent III - Pope Innocent III Pope Innocent III (born Lotario de Conti, 1161 - 1216) was Pope from January 8, 1198 until his death. He was the son of Count Trasimund of Segni and nephew of Pope Clement III, born at Anagni, Italy. His father was a member of the famous house of Conti, from which nine popes, including Gregory IX, Alexander IV and Innocent XIII have sprung; his mother, Claricia, belonged to the noble Roman family of Scotti. He was educated in Rome, Paris (under Peter of Corbeil), and Bologna (under Huguccio), he was considered an intellectual and one of the greatest canon lawyers of his time. After the death of Pope Alexander III he returned to Rome and held offices during the short reigns of Lucius.
Pope Gregory VII - Pope Gregory VII Pope Gregory VII (ca. 1020/1025-May 25, 1085), born as Hildebrand, was elevated to the papacy in 1073, and remained pope until his death. One of the great reforming popes, Gregory is perhaps best known for the part he played in the Investiture Controversy, which pitted him against the emperor Henry IV. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Early life 2 Election to the Papacy 3 Conflict with the Emperor 4 To Canossa 5 Second excommunication of Henry 6 Papal policy to the rest of Europe 7 Internal policy and reforms Early life He was born in obscurity in Tuscany. He was sent to Rome at an early age for his education; an uncle of his being abbot of the convent of St Mary on.
Pope John XXII - Pope John XXII Pope John XXII, was born Jacques d'Euse in 1249. He was elected to the papacy in 1316 and reigned until 1334. The two-year gap between the death of Clement V and the election of John XXII was due to extreme disagreement between the cardinalss who were split into two factions. After two years, Philip V of France finally managed to arrange a conclave of twenty-three cardinals in Lyons. They duly elected John XXII Pope and he was crowned in Lyon. He set up his residence in Avignon rather than Rome. John involved himself in the politics and religious movements of many European countries in order to advance the interests of the Church. This made him a very controversial pope at the time. See.
