Polyglot (computing) - Polyglot (computing) In the context of computing, a polyglot is a computer program or script written in a valid form of multiple programming languages, which performs the same operations or output independently of which of the chosen programming language in which it is compiled or interpreted. Intuition suggests that polyglot programs should be impossible or very difficult to write. Intuition, in this case, is wrong. Generally polyglots are written in a combination of C (which allows redefinition of tokens and even operators with a preprocessor) and a scripting language such as Lisp, Perl or sh. The two most commonly used techniques for constructing a polyglot program are to make liberal use of languages which use different characters for comments and to redefine various tokens as others.
Computer program - computer of this architecture without a program does absolutely nothing. The instructions in a computer program are in machine code; they are usually originally written in a computer programming language, and translated to machine code using a computer program called a compiler or an interpreter. Sometimes the programming language is simply a set of abbreviations for the machine code instructions, called assembly language -- in this case, a program called an assembler is used to make the translation. Software Program is sometimes used as a synonym for "software"; although the main part of any software is programs, software also often includes resource files that contain data of some kind; these are not part of the program per se. Neural Networks In neural network computers, many computing units with many connections between.
Vector (computing) - Vector (computing) A vector in computing, more precisely, when talking about malicious code such as viruses or worm, is the method this code uses to propagate itself or infect the computer. Some common vectors: buffer overflows HTML email with JavaScript or other scripting enhancements networking protocol flaws -- this is how the recent Blaster worm was able to propagate See Vector for other meanings of the term vector. This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by fixing it..
Jumper (computing) - Jumper (computing) Detail from an early model 386 board showing jumpers and shunts In electronics and particularly computing, a jumper is two or more connecting points that can be conveniently shorted together to setup or adjust a printed circuit board, such as a computer's motherboard. Jumpers are arranged in groups called jumper blocks, each group having at least one pair of contact points and often more. In general, each contact in a jumper block terminates in a small metal pin. An appropriately sized conductive sleeve called a shunt is slipped over the pins to complete the circuit. (In everyday usage, shunts are very commonly but incorrectly called "jumpers".) Jumper shunts are almost always metal, and are usually encased in a non-conductive block of plastic for convenience, and.
Icon (computing) - Icon (computing) A computer icon is a small graphic, usually ranging from 16 pixels by 16 pixels to upto 128 pixels by 128 pixels, which represents a file, folder, application or device on a computer system. Icons were first developed as a tool for making computer interfaces easier for novices to grasp in the 1970s at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center facility. Icon-driven interfaces were later popularized by the Apple Macintosh and Microsoft Windows operating environments. Icons may also be found on the toolbars and in the menus of programs such as Microsoft Word. Virtually every major computer operating system now uses icon-based GUIs to display information to end users. Function or program icons Most computer functions in a Graphic User Interface (GUI) are represented by.
Interpreter (computing) - Interpreter (computing) An interpreter is a computer program that executes other programs. This is in contrast to a compiler which does not execute its input program (the source code) but translates it into executable machine code (also called object code) which is output to a file for later execution. It may be possible to execute the same source code either directly by an interpreter or by compiling it and then executing the machine code produced. It takes longer to run a program under an interpreter than to run the compiled code but it can take less time to interpret it than the total required to compile and run it. This is especially important when prototyping and testing code when an edit-interpret-debug cycle can often be much shorter.
Independent Computing Architecture - Independent Computing Architecture Independent Computing Architecture (ICA) is a protocol for an application server system, designed by Citrix Systems. The protocol lays down a specification for passing data between server and clients, but is not bound to any one platform. Practical products conforming to ICA are Citrix's WinFrame and MetaFrame products. These permit ordinary Windows applications to be run on a suitable Windows server, and for any supported client to gain access to those applications. The client platforms need not run Windows, there are clients for Mac and Unix for example. ICA is broadly similar in purpose to window servers such as X-Windows, but has a wider scope - it also provides for the feedback of user input from the client to the server, and a variety.
Virtual Network Computing - Virtual Network Computing Virtual Network Computing (VNC) is software to remotely control another computer. There are clients and servers for many platforms..
Yellow Pages (computing) - Yellow Pages (computing) Yellow Pages or YP as is commonly known, was the original name for the Network Information Service (NIS) created by Sun Microsystems. Nowadays it is mostly called NIS or NIS+. See Also Network Information Service.
History of computing hardware - History of computing hardware This article is part of the History of computing series. History of computing hardware (before 1960s) History of computing hardware (1960s-present) History of operating systems This narrative presents the major developments in the history of computing hardware and attempts to put them into perspective. For a detailed timeline of events, see computing timeline. The history of computing, is an overview and treats methods intended for pen and paper, with or without the aid of tables. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Earliest devices 2 Punched card computing 1801-1940 3 Mechanical gear computing 1835-1900s 4 Analog computers, pre-1940 5 First generation of modern digital computers 1940s 6 Second generation 1947-1960 7 Third generation and beyond, post-1958 8 See also 9.
History of computing hardware (1960s-present) - History of computing hardware (1960s-present) This article is part of the History of computing series. History of computing hardware (before 1960s) History of computing hardware (1960s-present) History of operating systems The history of computing hardware (continued from history of computing hardware) picks up with the development of the integrated circuit. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Third generation 2 Fourth generation 2.1 Microprocessors 2.2 Supercomputers 2.3 The home computer era 2.4 The PC era 2.5 The microprocessor based server and networks 2.5.1 Networks of disks and networks of microprocessors 3 See also 4.
History of computing - History of computing This article is the top of the History of computing series. History of computing hardware (before 1960s) History of computing hardware (1960s-present) History of operating systems The history of computing is older than computing machines and modern computing technology and includes the history of methods intended for pen and paper or for chalk and slate, with or without the aid of tables. The timeline of computing presents a summary list of major developments in computing by date. See also: Euclidean algorithm, mathematical table, common logarithm, numeral system. This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by adding material..
Ubiquitous computing - Ubiquitous computing Ubiquitous computing is a term describing the concept of integrating computation into the environment, rather than having computers which are distinct objects. Promoters of this idea hope that embedding computation into the environment would enable people to move around and interact with computers more naturally than they currently do. The late Mark Weiser wrote what are considered some of the seminal papers in Ubiquitous Computing. Currently, the art is not as mature as Weiser hoped, but a considerable amount of development is taking place. Several graduate departments are taking interest in developing this field: Georgia Institute of Technology MIT Media Lab Some news sites are recording commercial and academic developments: http://ubicomp.editthispage.com.
Grid computing - Grid computing Grid computing offers a model for solving massive computational problems using large numbers of computers arranged as clusters embedded in a distributed telecommunications infrastructure. Grid computing has the design goal of solving problems too big for any single supercomputer, whilst retaining the flexibility to work on multiple smaller problems. Thus grid computing provides a multi-user environment. This implies the use of secure authorization techniques to allow remote users to control computing resources. Grid computing involves sharing heterogenous resources (based on different platformss, hardware/software [[computer architecture architectures]], computer languages), located in different places belonging to different administrative domains over a network using open standards. In short, it involves virtualizing computing resources. Functionally, one can classify grids as: Computational Grids (including CPU scavenging grids), or Data Grids..
Vector processor - contrast to a scalar processor which handles one element at a time – the vast majority of CPUs are scalar (or close to it). Vector processors were common in the scientific computing area, where they formed the basis of most supercomputers through the 1980s and into the 1990s, but general increases in performance and processor design have since made the dedicated vector processor a thing of the past. History The first successful implementations of a vector processor appears to be the CDC Cyber 100 and the Texas Instruments Advanced Scientific Computer. The Cyber was otherwise slower than CDC's own supercomputers like the CDC 7600 (but much smaller too), but at those data related tasks they could be quite a bit faster. However the machine also took considerable time decoding the vector.
Kernel (algebra) - denoted "ker T" (or a variation). In symbols: Since a linear transformation preserves zero vectors, the zero vector 0V of V must belong to the kernel. The transformation T is injective if and only if its kernel is only the singleton set {0V}. It turns out that ker T is always a subspace of V. Thus, it makes sense to speak of the quotient space V/(ker T). The first isomorphism theorem for vector spaces states that this quotient space is naturally isomorphic to the image of T (which is a subspace of W). As a consequence, the dimension of V equals the dimension of the kernel plus the dimension of the image. If V and W are finite-dimensional and bases have been chosen, then T can be described by a matrix.
Kerrison Predictor - for almost all light metals and machinists, the Predictor was far too difficult for the Army to produce in any number. Meanwhile in September 1940 the US Army's Coast Artillery Corps had become unhappy with their existing 37mm guns, and General Marshall asked the British to loan him four of their Bofors guns and Predictors for testing. They were more than impressed, and they asked the Sperry Corporation to adapt it to US manufacturing systems. Sperry was currently starting production of their own system, the M7, but sent back plans for such a version of the Predictor as the M5. To produce the M5 the Singer Corporation was brought in in in December 1940 to produce 1,500 a month to equip their existing 37mm guns. However in February 1941 the US.
Kilo - 1000 metres kilowatt is 1000 watts kilojoule is 1000 joules "Kilo" is often used by itself as an abbreviation for "kilogram". In computing, kilo does not always exactly denote 1000 but is usually equivalent to 1024 (210), most often when denoting storage. For example, a kilobyte is 1024 bytes, not 1000 bytes. However, kilo and mega often have their traditional SI meanings when referring to rates of data transfer. For instance, 56 kilobits per second is 56,000 bits per second, not 57,344 bits per second. A common convention is to use k for 1000 and K for 1024. Kilo is also the letter K in the NATO phonetic alphabet.
Kitchen sink syndrome - common usage) it refers to a project that has accreted more and more features as time progresses, to have "everything but the kitchen sink". In computing this can also be described as bloat, or more specifically feature bloat. Sometimes the term scope creep is also used. This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by fixing it..
K - preferring C. Therefore, the Romance languages have K only in foreign words. A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z Kilo represents the letter K in the NATO phonetic alphabet. K is also: As k, kilo, an SI prefix meaning 103 = 1,000 (one thousand) or K, a binary prefix used in computing to mean 210 = 1,024. The symbol for kelvin (K) in the SI system In chemistry, a symbol for the element potassium (from its latin name kalium) An abbreviation for ketamine In the Library of Congress classification, the designation for books about law The stock symbol for Kellogg Company In baseball, the abbreviation for strike-out In Hong Kong, from 2002-now,.
