Pseudoarchaeology - Pseudoarchaeology Pseudoarchaeology (sometimes refered to as pseudohistory), a form of pseudoscience, refers to the ideologically-driven, usually sensational interpretation of the past outside of a critical, scientific framework. Pseudoarchaeology also includes forms of protosciences. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Term's Uses 2 Pseudoarchaeology Characteristic 3 Pseudoarchaeologists 4 Focus 5 Critics 6 See also 7 References and resources Term's Uses Pseudoarchaeology is used by many to refer to religious perspectives they see as non-scientific (Creationism often receives this label) as well as to the pursuit of untestable hypotheses such as the influence of UFOs or ancient astronauts on past civilizations. Pseudoarchaeology includes the investigation of theories generally discarded by scientific investigators, such as the existence of Noah's Ark on Mount Ararat, lost continents such as Atlantis or Lemuria,.
Kon-Tiki - For food, they lived off the fruits of the ocean. While this was an interesting experiment, which demonstrated the seaworthiness of Heyerdahl's raft, most anthropologists continue to believe, based on physical, cultural and genetic evidence, that Polynesia was settled from west to east, migration having begun from the Asian mainland, not South America. The Kon-Tiki adventure is often cited as a classic of pseudoarchaeology. The book Kon-Tiki was a best-seller, and a documentary motion picture of the expedition won an Academy Award in 1952..
Great Pyramid of Giza - appearance of the pyramid. Paranormal interest and encoded numbers As a structure of impressive construction and mystery, the great pyramid has attracted the attention of occultists (as have many other aspects of ancient Egyptian culture). The great pyramid and the Sphinx are often alleged to have been built with mysterious ancient forces rather than human labor and/or by Atlanteans, extraterrestrials, or other mysterious creators. It has been alleged that the dimensions and details, properly interpreted, provide prophecies of events in modern times. This theory was first proposed in the 1800s by John Taylor, who believed the pyramid had actually been constructed by the biblical Noah. Charles Piazzi Smyth, the Astronomer Royal of Scotland, later elaborated in his book Our Inheritance in the Great Pyramid. No scientific evidence has been found to.
Anachronism - canvas, in story and in song, assimilated their characters to their own nationality and their own time. The Virgin Mary was represented here as an Italian contadina, and there as a Flemish frow; Alexander the Great appeared on the French stage in the full costume of Louis XIV of France down to the time of Voltaire; and in England the contemporaries of Addison could behold, without any suspicion of burlesque, "Cato's long wig, flower'd gown, and lacquer'd chair." Shakespeare's audience did not ask whether the University of Wittenberg had existed in Hamlet's day. (Though they might have taken note of the bells which ring in Julius Caesar's ancient Rome.) Modern realism (especially in film), the progress of archaeological research, and the more scientific spirit of history have encouraged audiences and artists.
Ancient astronauts - contain references to visitors from stars and vehicles travelling through air and space. These, he says, should be interpreted as literal descriptions which have changed during the passage of time and become more obscure, rather than symbolic or mythical fiction. One such is Ezekiel's revelation in Old Testament, which Däniken interprets as a detailed description of a landing spacecraft. Since the publication of Däniken's books, no substantial evidence has been found to verify his claims, and experimenters and historians have made great progress in explaining how structures such as Stonehenge and the Pyramids were built. As a result, most historians regard his claims as pseudoscience or pseudoarchaeology, and are of the opinion that he is drawing far-reaching conclusions from little evidence while disregarding more likely alternative hypotheses. Nonetheless, his theories remain.
Archaeology - in popular movies dealing with the exploits of fictional archaeologists, e.g. Indiana Jones or the archaeologists in the recent film The Mummy and those in the book King Solomon's Mines. (For more, see this list of movies that include archaeologists or archaeology in the plot.) It is also promulgated by some high profile amateur archaeologists, including Graham Hancock searching for the Ark of the Covenant (as Indiana did) or Erich Von Daniken (author of "Chariot of the Gods"), but other archaeologists refer to these endeavors as pseudoarchaeology. Archaeology is a much broader field than suggested by these common conceptions. For example, ethnoarcheologists contribute to the study of contemporary societies. One branch of archaeology that is not usually associated with academic archaeologists is Cultural Resources Management (CRM). Among the goals of CRM.
Pathological science - Mainstream sciences have failed historically to approve of certian sciences till years later and inappropriately label them as "pathological". Examples of sciences that have been misappropriately described as pathological sciences: Linus Pauling's work with vitamins (in particular, vitamin C) [Leading 20th century chemist] C. G. Barkla's J-phenomenon (Barkla's 1917 Nobel Prize in physics was for X-rays; the J-phenomenon is X-ray absorption discontinuities at high frequency) Sir Arthur Eddington's "fundamental theory" (pioneer in theoretical astronomy) Halton Arp astronomical work in the red-shifts phenonomena (rejecting his contempories theories). Hannes Alfvén's plasma cosmology (Alfvén won the 1970 Nobel Prize for space plasma) See also: Science Scientific method List of topics Protoscience Pseudoarchaeology Pseudoscience Junk science Bad science List of speculative or fringe theories Conspiracy theory.
Pseudoscience - dominant paradigm in order to explain them (like the idea of Punctuated equilibrium within the paradigm of Evolution), and others for which no satisfactory explanation can be found within the current paradigm. When enough of these anomalies have accumulated, some scientists begin to participate in the activity of extraordinary science. It is at these moments that new paradigms are created and Paradigm shifts occur (such as the introduction of Thermodynamics, Newtonian mechanics, the Theory of Evolution, etc.) The process by which Kuhn says a new paradigm is accepted by the scientific community at large does indicate one possible demarcation between science and pseudoscience. Richard J. Bernstein reads Kuhn as saying that a new paradigm is accepted mainly because it has a superior ability to solve problems that arise in the process.
Mount Ararat - Technically, Ararat is a stratovolcano, formed of lava flows and pyroclastic ejecta. Vessel-shaped features interpreted in aerial photographs of Ararat caused a stir in the late 1950s (see pseudoarchaeology), though expeditions found the features to be landslides and lava flows. External Links NASA Earth Observatory page Space shuttle image and basic details..
List of speculative or fringe theories - is really applicable only to ensembles of particles. The Hollow Earth theory claims that the Earth is hollow, and is possibly populated by a race of superbeings, humans or aliens, and possibly dinosaurs. Homeopathy system of alternative medicine involving the use of remedies without chemically active ingredients. Hydrino theory proposes the hydrino, or miniature hydrogen atom with the electron pushed closer than usual to the nucleus. Hypnosis s "a procedure during which a health professional or researcher suggests that a client, patient, or subject experience changes in sensations, perceptions, thoughts, or behavior." Intelligent Design theory holds that life and living things show signs of having been designed. ID's primary argument is that life is too complex to have simply "happened." Interpretation of dreams is the art of determining the meaning (or.
