Salem witch trials - Salem witch trials The Salem witch trials were the result of a period of Puritan paranoia which led to the deaths of at least twenty-five people and the imprisonment of scores more. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Overview 2 Why did the hysteria happen? 3 The Beginning 4 The Ending 4.1 Clergical participants and commentators 4.2 Presiding officials 4.3 Associate Magistrates 4.4 Afflicted 4.5 Accused 4.6 Killed 4.7 Died in Jail 5 References 6.
Christian views on witchcraft - view that witchcraft is a false religion very little different from other religions they view as false. These, however, often believe that Satan will use his power to make the witch's spells appear to work in order to deceive people. The important difference here is that this view does not claim that witches actually consciously enter into a pact with Satan, which makes it somewhat more reasonable, in light of the fact that actual practicioners of Wicca do not believe in Satan. With a few controversial exceptions such as Santeria, Christians do not practice witchcraft. Most Christians hold that Santeria, a syncretic hybrid of African animism and Christianity, is not Christianity at all. There are also various forms of mysticism which claim Christian roots, but most Christians do not see these.
Salem, Massachusetts - Salem, Massachusetts Salem is a city located in Essex County, Massachusetts. Though the city exploits the Salem witch trials of 1692 as a tourist attraction, the trials actually occurred in Salem Village, which is now Danvers, Massachusetts. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 40,407. It and Lawrence are the county seats of Essex County6. The Salem witch trials began on March 1, 1692 in nearby Salem Village when four women were charged with witchcraft. Salem includes the Salem Maritime National Historic Site, the only remaining intact waterfront from the US age of sail. In 1790, Salem was the sixth largest city in the country. Geography Salem is located at 42°31'1" North, 70°53'55" West (42.516845, -70.898503)1. According to the United States.
Witch - Witch The word witch can refer to a person who practices witchcraft or magic or to a Wiccan, a person who practices the religion Wicca. In colloquial use the word is now applied almost exclusively to women, though in earlier English it applied to men as well. Most people would now call male witches sorcerers, wizards, or warlocks. Wiccans continue to use the term witch for all who practice witchcraft. Warlock is considered an insult among Wiccans and Neopagans. The etymological roots could be several: among the canditates are German weihen ("consecrate") as well as the English word "victim" in its original meaning for someone killed in a religious ritual. Thus, a "witch" would signify nothing else but an ancient type of priestess. The Old English.
Witchhunt - A witchhunt is a search for suspected witches. If a "witch" is found; then, there might be a witchcraft trial. While actual witchhunts occasionally occur, during the modern era, there is a general scientific belief that witchcraft is mythological, and thus, is not a crime which can be committed. The notion of a witchhunt has come to refer to some legal proceeding, in which, it is argued that innocent people are being treated unjustly; due to some degree of fear, prejudice, or panic that has led the plaintiffs to act unreasonably. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Early Church 2 Middle Ages 3 The Reformation 4 Early Modern Europe 5 Sociological Explanation for Witchhunts 6 Witch Hunters in African Societies 7 Metaphorical Uses of the Term in the Modern West 8 Deprogramming.
Witchcraft trial - of a defendant which has been accused of witchcraft. While such trials occasionally occur, during the modern era, there is a general scientific belief that witchcraft is mythological, and thus, is not a crime which can be committed. The notion of a "witchcraft trial" (or "witchhunt") has come to refer to legal proceeding, in which, it is argued that innocent people are being treated unjustly; due to some degree of fear, prejudice, or panic that has led the plaintiffs to act unreasonably. Traditional Witchcraft Trials During the 16th and 17th Centuries (as well as other time periods), there were a significant number of persons charged with the "crime" of witchcraft. Those found "guilty" were often tortured and/or executed. Common forms of execution included burning and drowning. historically, the majority of such.
John Hathorn - - May 10, 1717) was one of the associate magistrates in the Salem witch trials, and later, the only one not to repent of his actions. Also the grandfather of Nathaniel Hawthorne, author of, among other things, The Scarlet Letter, who changed his surname slightly to avoid the shame of being associated with his grandfather..
June 10 - 2 Births 3 Deaths 4 Holidays and observances Events 1610 - The first Dutch colonists settle on Manhattan Island 1692 - Salem witch trials: Bridget Bishop is hanged as a witch 1801 - The Barbary pirates of Tripoli declare war on the United States 1829 - First boat race between Oxford and Cambridge 1846 - Mexican-American War: The California Republic declares independence from Mexico. 1854 - The first class graduates from the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis, Maryland 1857 - Canadian Assembly passes bill adopting decimal currency 1898 - Spanish-American War: United States Marines land in Cuba 1935 - Alcoholics Anonymous is founded, in New York City 1940 - World War II: Italy declares war on France and the United Kingdom German forces, under General Rommel, reach the English Channel.
Increase Mather - president of Harvard College from 1685 to 1701. His son was Cotton Mather. Both father and son were conservative Puritans who tried to uphold the old Puritan theocracy and were contemporary commentators on the Salem witch trials..
Great Awakening - a number of universities, now counted among the Ivy League, including Kings College (now Columbia University) and Princeton University. The Great Awakening was perhaps the first truly "American" event, and as such represented at least a small step towards the unification of the colonies. The Great Awakening may also be interpreted as the last major expression of the religious ideals on which the New England colonies were founded. Religiosity had been declining for decades, in part due to the negative publicity resulting from the Salem witch trials. After the Great Awakening, it subsided again, although later American history abounds with revival movements (most notably the Second Great Awakening. The forces driving the colonies' history for the next eighty years would be overwhelmingly secular, although America would remain (and many parts of.
February 8 - becomes co-Emperor of the Western Roman Empire 1587 - Mary, Queen of Scots is executed. 1622 - King James I of England disbands the English Parliament 1692 - A doctor in Salem Village, Massachusetts Bay Colony declares that three teenaged girls are under domination of Satan, leading to the Salem witch trials. 1693 - The College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia is granted a charter. 1807 - Battle of Eylau - Napoleon defeats Russians under General Benigssen 1837 - Richard Johnson becomes the first Vice President of the United States chosen by the United States Senate 1861 - American Civil War: The Confederate States of America are formed. Jefferson Davis is selected as first president. 1900 - British troops are defeated by Boers at Ladysmith, South Africa 1904 -.
Execution by burning - in some cases they failed to be burned, and had to be beheaded instead. However, all such ancient manuscripts were copied by Christian monks, and even Catholic sources state that many of these claims were invented (or "apocryphal"). In 1184, the Synod of Verona legislated that burning was to be the official punishment for heresy. This decree was later reaffirmed by the Fourth Council of the Lateran in 1215, the Synod of Toulouse in 1229, and numerous spiritual and secular leaders up through the 17th century. Witch trials became increasingly popular through the 14th and 15th century in Scotland, Spain, England, Switzerland, Austria, and Germany. It is estimated that up to four million convicted witches and heretics were burned at the stake during this time. Among the best known convicted heretics.
1692 - 1693 1694 1695 1696 1697 Events February 13 - Massacre of Glencoe March 1 - The Salem witch trials begin in Salem Village, Massachusetts Bay Colony with the charging of three women with witchcraft. June 10 - Salem Witch Trials: three women hanged for witchcraft. August 19 - Salem Witch Trials: three women and four men are hanged for witchcraft. September 19 - Salem Witch Trials: a man is pressed to death in an attempt to torture him into entering a plea. September 22 - Salem Witch Trials: six women and two men are hanged for witchcraft. Births Deaths \n.
August 19 - 1 Events 2 Births 3 Deaths 4 Holidays and observances Events 1561 - Mary Stuart returns to Scotland. 1692 - Salem Witch Trials: In Salem, Massachusetts five women and a clergyman are executed after being convicted of witchcraft. 1812 - War of 1812: USS Constitution defeats the British frigate Guerrière off the coast of Nova Scotia. The British shot is said to have bounced off the Constitutions sides, earning her the nickname "Old Ironsides". 1813 - Gervasio Antonio de Posadas joins Argentina's second triumvirate. 1848 - California Gold Rush: The New York Herald breaks the news to the East Coast of the United States, that there is a gold rush in California (although the rush started in January). 1862 - Indian Wars: During an uprising in Minnesota, Lakota warriors decide not.
Betty Parris - Parris was the nine year old daughter of the Salem villages' reverend Parris and was the first to become ill after being "bewitched" as most people thought. Her contortions, convulsions and outbursts of gibberish at first baffled everyone, especially when other girls began to show the same symptoms as her. Shortly after her illness the Salem witch trials began with the girls accusing neighbours of witchcraft. This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by fixing it..
Cotton Mather - Mather set the nation's moral tone, and sounded the call for second and third generation Puritans whose parents had left England for the New England colonies of North America to return to the theological roots of Puritanism. A friend of a number of the Judges charged with hearing the Salem Witch Trials, Mather urged the judges to give weight to spectral evidence. Writing of the trials later, Mather stated: "If in the midst of the many Dissatisfactions among us, the publication of these Trials may promote such a pious Thankfulness unto God, for Justice being so far executed among us, I shall Re-joyce that God is Glorified..." (Wonders of the Invisible World). Highly influential due to his prolific writing, Mather was a force to be reckoned with in secular as well.
Colonial America - the political structure of the Puritan colonies is often misunderstood. Officials were elected by the community, but only white males who were members of a Congregationalist church could vote. From a modern American standpoint, Puritan society was by no means a democracy. Officials had no responsibility to "the people" - their function was to serve God by best oberseeing the moral and physical improvement of the community. However, it was not a theocracy either - Congregationalist ministers had no special powers in the government. On the other hand, by contemporary European standards, it was quite politically liberal - arguably more so than that of any European power of the day. Thus, in the political structure of Puritan society could be seen both the democratic form and the emphasis on civic virtue.
Crushing - of recorded history, and perhaps before that. The Romans and Carthaginians also used this method on occasion. Please see crushing by elephants. Throughout history, other forms of crushing have also been used. Pressing by weights is perhaps the most common of these. During the Salem Witch Trials, Giles Cory refused to enter a plea, and was pressed to death on September 19, 1692 in an attempt to get him to do so. In this form of torture the condemned had heavy weights placed upon him (usually large stones): death, when it occurred, was by suffocation or internal injuries. There have also been some peculiar forms of death by crushing to receive official sanction from a ruler or governing body, both involving women as the executioners. This last fact is quite odd,.
The Crucible - is a play written and published by Arthur Miller in 1953. It describes the witch trials of Salem, Massachusetts in 1692, an event that Miller used as an allegory for McCarthyism in the USA of the 1950s. Miller was himself questioned by the House Un-American Activities Committee in 1956. The play was first performed on January 22, 1953 on Broadway, New York. The reviews of the first production were hostile, but a year later a new production succeeded and the play became a classic. Cinematic versions of the play were produced in 1957 (Les Sorcières de Salem) and 1996. Important Characters John Proctor, Abigail Williams, Reverend John Hale, Elizabeth Proctor, Reverend Parris References Arthur Miller, Why I Wrote 'The Crucible': An artist's answer to politics, published in October 21 & 28th.
Sadducismus Triumphatus - their abilities. Glanvill likened these sceptics to the Sadducees, members of a Jewish sect from around the time of Jesus who were said to have denied the immortality of the soul. The book strongly influenced Cotton Mather and was influential in the Salem witch trials in Salem, Massachusetts. Mather's Wonders of the Invisible World is largely modelled after this book and its arguments. The book is also famous for telling the ghost story of the Demon drummer of Tedworth, an early poltergeist story..
