State of Baden - State of Baden Baden was a territory in the southwest of what later became unified Germany. It was created in 1771 as a margravate and became the Grand Duchy of Baden in 1806, functioning as a sovereign state. It became part of the German Empire in 1871, remaining a Grand Duchy until 1918 when became part of the Weimar Republic. Baden was bounded to the north by the kingdom of Bavaria and the Grand Duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt - to the west and practically throughout its whole length by the river Rhine, which separated it from the Bavarian Palatinate and the Alsace; to the south by Switzerland, and to the east by the kingdom of Württemberg and partly by Bavaria. After WW II, in 1945/46 the French.
History of Baden, Germany - History of Baden, Germany History of Baden During the middle ages, various counts ruled the country that now forms Baden. The counts and duchy of Zähringen figure prominently among these. In 1112 Hermann, son of Hermann, Margrave of Verona (d. 1074) and grandson of Berthold, duke of Carinthia and count of Zähringen, having inherited some of the German estates of his family, called himself Margrave of Baden, and from this time the separate history of Baden dates. Hermann appears to have called himself margrave rather than count, because of the family connection to the margrave of Verona. His son and grandson, both called Hermann, added to their territories, which were then divided, and the lines of Baden-Baden and Baden-Hochberg were founded, the latter of which divided about.
Baden - Baden There are several places in Europe called Baden: Baden is a town in Austria, close to Vienna; see Baden, Austria Baden is a town in the Swiss canton of Aargau; see Baden, Switzerland Baden is a village near Bremen; see Baden, Lower Saxony The Baden-Württembergian town of Baden-Baden was formerly called Baden; see Baden-Baden Baden was a German formerly sovereign state; see State of Baden Baden was a German Bundesland before merging with Württemberg to the recent state of Baden-Württemberg In addition, there is a place in the State of Pennsylvania in the United States of America named Baden: see Baden, Pennsylvania. This is a disambiguation page; that is, one that just points to other pages that might otherwise have the same name. If you.
The Revolutions of 1848 in the German states - upon the work of the assembly, but maintaining the ultimate authority of the king). Elaborated in the following years, the constitution came to provide for an upper house (Herrenhaus), and a lower house (Landtag), chosen by universal suffrage but under a three-class system of voting ("Dreiklassenwahlrecht"): representation was proportional to taxes paid, so that more than 80 % of the electorate controlled only one-third of the seats. Bavaria In Bavaria, a new liberal government ("March ministry") was installed; King Ludwig I was forced to abdicate and get rid of his free-spending mistress, Lola Montez - attempts to pacify the masses, contain the spreading of revolutionary ideas and save the monarchy by offering concessions. Saxony In Dresden, the people took to the streets pressing the king with their demand for electoral reform.
States of Germany - 16 states called Länder (singular Land) or Bundesländer (singular Bundesland). The 16 Länder are: Baden-Württemberg Bavaria (Bayern) Berlin (city-state) Brandenburg Bremen (city-state) Hamburg (city-state) Hesse (Hessen) Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen) North Rhine-Westphalia (Nordrhein-Westfalen) Rhineland-Palatinate (Rheinland-Pfalz) Saarland Saxony (Sachsen) Saxony-Anhalt (Sachsen-Anhalt) Schleswig-Holstein Thuringia (Thüringen) Functions The Basic Law stipulates that the structure of Land government must "conform to the principles of republican, democratic, and social government based on the rule of law" (Article 28[1]). Thirteen of the Länder are governed by a cabinet led by a minister president together with a unicameral legislative body, the Landtag (pl., Landtage). The relationship between the legislative and executive branches mirrors that in the federal system: the legislatures are popularly elected, typically for four years, and the minister president is chosen by a majority vote among.
State religion - State religion A state religion (also called an established church or state church) is a religious body or creed officially endorsed by the state. The term state church is most closely associated with Christianity, although it is sometimes used in the context of other faiths as well. Closely related to state churches are what sociologists call ecclesiae, though the two are slightly different. The degree of state endorsement of a state religion varies, from mere endorsement and financial support, with freedom for other faiths to practice, to prohibiting any competing church from operating and persecuting the followers of other churches. Sociologists refer to mainstream non-state religions as denominations. State religions tend to admit a larger variety of opinion within them than denominations. Denominations encountering major differences.
List of states in the Holy Roman Empire - of 1792 can be found here: List of Reichstag participants (1792). A list of Imperial Circle Estate members at the same time can be found at Imperial Circle Estates. A full list of every state belonging to the Holy Roman Empire at any time would be an impossible project. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Ecclesiastical States 2 Lands of the Bohemian Crown 3 Territories of Old Princely Families 4 Territories of New Princely Families 5 Territories Raised to Princely Levely by the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803 Ecclesiastical States Archbishopric of Mainz (moved to Regensburg 1803) Archbishopric of Cologne (secularized 1803, to Hesse-Darmstadt) Archbishopric of Trier (secularized 1803, to Nassau) Archbishopric of Salzburg (secularized 1803, became secular Electorate) Archbishopric of Bremen (secularized 1648, to Sweden) Archbishopric of Magdeburg (secularized 1648, to Brandenburg) Archbishopric.
Karlsruhe (region) - Karlsruhe (region) Statistics State: Baden-Württemberg Capital: Karlsruhe Area: 6,919.17 km² Inhabitants: 2,701,376 (2001) pop. density: 390 inh./km² Map Karlsruhe is one of the four Regierungsbezirke of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, located in the north-west of the country. Its sub-divided into the three regions (Regionalverband) Mittlerer Oberrhein, Unterer Neckar and Nordschwarzwald. Kreise (districts) Kreisfreie Städte (district-free towns) Calw Enzkreis Freudenstadt Karlsruhe Neckar-Odenwald Rastatt Rhein-Neckar Baden-Baden Heidelberg Karlsruhe Mannheim Pforzheim.
Karlsruhe (district) - Karlsruhe (district) Statistics State: Baden-Württemberg Adm. Region: Karlsruhe Region: Mittlerer Oberrhein Capital: Karlsruhe Area: 1,084.88 km² Inhabitants: 424,276 (2002) pop. density: 394 inh./km² Car identification: KA Homepage: http://www.landkreis-karlsruhe.de Map Karlsruhe is a district (Kreis) in the north-west of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Rhein-Neckar, Heilbronn, Enzkreis, Calw, Rastatt, Germersheim, Ludwigshafen and the district-free city Speyer. The district-free city Karlsruhe is located in the middle of the district, and cuts it into a northern and a southern part. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 History 2 Geography 3 Partnerships 4 Coat of arms 5 Towns and municipalities 6.
Knights of the Garter (after 1899) - Arthur of Connaught, grandson of Queen Victoria (1902) Arthur Charles Wellesley, 4th Duke of Wellington (1902) Cromartie Sutherland Leveson-Gower, 4th Duke of Sutherland (1902) Shah [[Muzaffir ad-Din of Persia] (1903) King Wilhelm II of Württemberg (1904) Crown Prince Gustav of Sweden, later King Gustav V of Sweden (1905) Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox, 7th Duke of Richmond and Lennox and 2nd Duke of Gordon (1905) Emperor Mutsuhito of Japan (1905) Grand Duke Frederick I of Baden (1906) Charles Robert Wynn-Carrington, 1st Earl Carrington, Lord Privy Seal (1906) King Haakon VII of Norway, son-in-law of King Edward VII (1906) Robert Offley Ashburton Crewe-Milnes, 1st Earl of Crewe (1908) William George Spencer Scott Compton, 5th Marquess of Northampton (1908) John George Lambton, 3rd Earl of Durham (1909) William Waldegrave Palmer, 2nd Earl of Selborne, 1st.
Joschka Fischer - in 1998, Fischer was engaged in the left movement (post-)68 in Frankfurt, including participation in protest marches becoming violent. He has worked as a taxi driver and bookshop clerk, minister for the environment in the German state Hesse (1985-1987 and 1991-1994), member of the Bundestag 1983-1985 and again since 1994 (as chair person of the Greens). His 1985 appointment as minister in Hesse was the first in Germany for a Greens politician and caused uproar because he was wearing tennis shoes during his oath of office. These shoes are now on display in the German Historic Museum in Bonn. Fischer was born in Gerabronn (Baden-Württemberg). He has an honorary degree (Dr. h.c.) from the University of Haifa. Fischer was married four times, to Edeltraud (1967-1984) in Gretna Green, Inge (1984-1987), Claudia.
Johann Maier Eck - of Aristotle, which became the textbooks of the university. During these early years, Eck was considered a "modernist", and his commentaries are inspired with much of the scientific spirit of the New Learning. His aim, however, had been to find a via media between old and new; his essential conservatism resulted in a lack of sympathy for the revolutionary attitude of the Reformers. Personal ambition and a desire to be conspicuous may have pushed him into public opposition to Luther. He had won a public disputation at Augsburg in 1514, defending the lawfulness of putting out capital at interest; again at Bologna in 1515, on the same subject and on the question of predestination; and these triumphs had been repeated at Vienna in 1516. By these successes he gained the patronage.
International Scout Jamboree - (Great Britain) 1933 : 4th International Scout Jamboree in Gödöllö (Hungary) 1937 : 5th International Scout Jamboree in Vogelenzang (mun. Bloemendaal), Netherlands 1947 : 6th International Scout Jamboree ("Peace Jamboree") in Moisson (France) 1951 : 7th International Scout Jamboree in Bad Ischl (Austria) 1955 : 8th International Scout Jamboree in Niagara-on-the-lake (Canada) 1957 : 9th International Scout Jamboree ("Jubilee of Robert Baden-Powell") in Sutton Park (UK) 1959 : 10th International Scout Jamboree in Laguna (Philippines) 1963 : 11th International Scout Jamboree in Marathon (Greece) 1967 : 12th International Scout Jamboree in Farragut State Park (USA) 1971 : 13th International Scout Jamboree in Fujinomiya (Japan) 1975 : 14th International Scout Jamboree in Lillehammer (Norway) 1983 : 15th International Scout Jamboree in Kananaskis City (Canada) 1987 : 16th International Scout Jamboree in Sydney.
ISO 3166-2:DE - equivalent of worldwide zip or postal codes. Within the Wikipedia, the codes from the country pages link to the pages for the locations they identify. The first part is the ISO 3166-1 code DE for Germany, the second part is two-digit-alphabetic. Decoding table DE-BE Berlin (city-state) DE-BR Brandenburg DE-BW Baden-Württemberg DE-BY Bavaria (Bayern) DE-HB Bremen (city-state) DE-HE Hesse (Hessen) DE-HH Hamburg (city-state) DE-MV Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) DE-NI Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen) DE-NW North Rhine-Westphalia (Nordrhein-Westfalen) DE-RP Rhineland-Palatinate (Rheinland-Pfalz) DE-ST Saxony-Anhalt (Sachsen-Anhalt) DE-SH Schleswig-Holstein DE-SL Saarland DE-SN Saxony (Sachsen) DE-TH Thuringia (Thüringen). See also ISO 3166-2, the reference table for all country region codes. ISO 3166-1, the reference table for all country codes, as used for domain names on the internet. This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by fixing it..
Volapük - in 1880 by Johann Martin Schleyer, a Catholic priest in Baden, Germany. Schleyer felt that God had told him in a dream to create an international language. Volapük conventions took place in 1884, 1887, and 1889. The first two conventions used German and the last conference used only Volapük which may have been one of the primary reasons that Volapük started to fade. Also, the first Esperanto book (Unua Libro) was published in 1887; Esperanto was much easier to learn, and many Volapük clubs became Esperanto clubs. Schleyer insisted strongly on retaining his proprietary rights which restricted the language from evolving naturally. There are an estimated 25-30 Volapük speakers in the world today. Schleyer adapted the vocabulary mostly from English, with a smattering of German and French, and often modified it.
Vorarlberg - Vorarlberg Vorarlberg is the westernmost federal state of Austria. Though it is the second smallest in terms of area (Vienna is the smallest), it borders three countries: Germany (Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg) Switzerland (Graubünden and St. Gallen) Liechtenstein. As well as the Austrian state of Tyrol. Due to their isolated location from the rest of Austria, the people in Vorarlberg speak a very distinct dialect which the other Austrians have a hard time understanding. It is nearly identical to those spoken in Switzerland, Baden-Württemberg and the Alsace region in France (they all belong to the Allemannic dialects whereas those of the rest of Austria form part of the Bavarian-Austrian language group). Generally this seems to be one dialect, but in fact every little town in Voralberg has it's own "secret" language..
Heilbronn (district) - Heilbronn (district) Statistics State: Baden-Württemberg Adm. Region: Stuttgart Region: Heilbronn-Franken Capital: Heilbronn Area: 1,099.59 km² Inhabitants: 325,173 (2002) pop. density: 296 inh./km² Car identification: HN Homepage: http://www.landkreis-heilbronn.de Map Heilbronn is a district (Kreis) in the north of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Neckar-Odenwald, Hohenlohe, Schwäbisch Hall, Rems-Murr, Ludwigsburg, Enzkreis, Karlsruhe and Rhein-Neckar. The district-free city Heilbronn is completely sorrounded by the district. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 History 2 Geography 3 Partnerships 4 Coat of arms 5 Towns and municipalities 6.
Heidenheim (district) - Heidenheim (district) Statistics State: Baden-Württemberg Adm. Region: Stuttgart Region: Ostwürttemberg Capital: Heidenheim Area: 627.19 km² Inhabitants: 136,993 (2002) pop. density: 218 inh./km² Car identification: HDH Homepage: http://www.landkreis-heidenheim.de Map Heidenheim is a district (Kreis) in the east of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Ostalbkreis, Dillingen, Günzburg, Alb-Donau and Göppingen. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 History 2 Geography 3 Partnerships 4 Coat of arms 5 Towns and municipalities 6.
History of Württemberg - not unlike the rebellion in England led by Wat Tyler. The authorities soon restored order, and in 1514 by the Treaty of Tübingen the people undertook to pay the duke's debts in return for various political privileges, which in effect laid the foundation of the constitutional liberties of the country. A few years later Ulrich quarrelled with the Swabian League, and its forces (helped by William IV, duke of Bavaria, angered by the treatment meted out by Ulrich to his wife Sabina, a Bavarian princess), invaded Württemberg, expelled the duke and sold his duchy to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor for 220,000 gulden. Charles handed over Württemberg to his brother, the German king, Ferdinand I, who served as nominal ruler for a few years. Soon, however, the discontent caused by the.
History of Bavaria - in 1392. The towns, assuming a certain independence, became strong and wealthy as trade increased, and the citizens of Munich and Regensburg often proved formidable antagonists to the dukes. Thus a period of disorder saw the growth of representative institutions and the establishment of a strong civic spirit. Stephen III, duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt, achieved renown rather as a soldier than as a statesman; and his rule saw struggles with various towns, and with his brother, John of Bavaria-Munich. On his death in 1413 his son Louis, called the Bearded, succeeded. Before his accession, this restless and quarrelsome prince, had played an important part in the affairs of France, where his sister Isabella had married King Charles VI. About 1417 he became involved in a violent quarrel with his cousin, Henry of.
