Taft-Hartley Act - Taft-Hartley Act The Taft-Hartley Act, passed over the veto of President Harry Truman in 1947, severely restricts the activities and power of unions in the United States. The Act, officially known as the Labor-Management Relations Act, was sponsored by Senator Robert Taft and Representative Fred Hartley. President Truman described the act as a "slave-labor bill". Taft-Hartley amends the Wagner Act, officially known as the National Labor Relations Act, which Congress had passed in 1935. The amendments add a list of prohibited actions, or “unfair labor practices,” on the part of unions to the NLRA, which had previously only prohibited unfair labor practices committed by employers. The amendments, among other things, prohibit jurisdictional strikes, in which a union strikes to pressure an employer to assign particular work.
Robert Taft - Robert Taft Robert Alphonso Taft (September 8, 1889 - July 31, 1953), of the Taft family political dynasty of Ohio, was a United States Senator and Presidential candidate in the United States Republican Party. Robert Taft was the son of President William Howard Taft. He was educated at Yale University, got his law degree from Harvard University in 1913, and practiced law briefly in Cincinnati, Ohio, his family's ancestral city. During World War I he served on the legal staff of the Food and Drug Administration. He began his elected political career in the Ohio house of representatives, where he first won a seat in 1921, and served as speaker of the house in 1926. In 1931 he moved to the state senate. He was elected to.
National Labor Relations Act - National Labor Relations Act The National Labor Relations Act of 1935 (or Wagner Act) protects the rights of workers in the private sector of the United States to organize unionss, to engage in collective bargaining over wages, hours, and terms and conditions of employment, and to take part in strikes and other forms of concerted activity in support of their demands. The Wagner Act established a federal agency, the National Labor Relations Board, with the power to investigate and decide unfair labor practice charges and to conduct elections in which workers were given the opportunity to decide whether they wanted to be represented by a union. In its original version, passed in the midst of the Great Depression, the Wagner Act only prohibited unfair labor practices by employers. Congress.
Landrum-Griffin Act - Landrum-Griffin Act The Landrum-Griffin Act of 1959 restricted secondary boycotts, particularly labor union refusal to handle hot cargo, unfair union election practices, and picketing when a union was organizing. See also: Norris-LaGuardia Act Taft-Hartley Act.
Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act - Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act The Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act, also known as the Landrum-Griffin Act, is a United States labor law statute that imposes minimum standards for labor unions' internal affairs. Enacted in 1959 after revelations concerning corruption and undemocratic practices in the International Brotherhood of Teamsters, International Longshoremen's Association, United Mine Workers and other unions received wide public attention, the Act requires unions to hold secret elections for local union office on a regular basis and provides for review by the United States Department of Labor of union members' claims of improper election activity. The Act also bars certain persons from holding union office, requires unions to submit annual financial reports to the DOL, declares that every union officer must act as a fiduciary in.
Jurisdictional strike - its members’ right to particular job assignments and to protest the assignment of disputed work to members of another union or to unorganized workers. The Taft-Hartley amendments to the National Labor Relations Act empowered the National Labor Relations Board to resolve such jurisdictional disputes and authorized the General Counsel of the NLRB to seek an injunction barring such strikes. The NLRB, almost without exception, resolves jurisdictional disputes on the basis of the employer's preference in assigning work, with efficiency, custom and practice and contractual obligations playing at most a secondary role. Jurisdictional strikes occur most frequently in the United States in the construction industry. Construction unions frequently resolve those disputes through a privately created adjustment system..
Fair Deal - conservation, and housing and to go far beyond Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s initiatives in civil rights, national health insurance, federal aid to education & agriculture subsides. The 81st Congress passed most of his proposed legislation except the repletion of the Taft-Hartley Act, federal aid to children, national health insurance plan and crop subsidy system. Truman began lessening his commitment at home, as the Cold War and the Korean War began taking his time and energy..
Congress of Industrial Organizations - what came to be called "Globe elections," between representation by the CIO or separate representation by AFL craft unions. The CIO now also faced competition, moreover, from a number of AFL affiliates who now sought to organize industrial workers. The competition was particularly sharp in the aircraft industry, where the UAW went head-to-head against the International Association of Machinists, originally a craft union of railroad workers and skilled trade employees. Growth during the Second World War The Great Depression only ended in the United States with the beginning of World War II, as the draft and stepped up wartime production erased the high unemployment numbers of the 1930s and got the economy back on its feet. It also changed the CIO’s relationship with both employers and the national government. The unions.
Communists in the U.S. Labor Movement (1937-1949) - President of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters and the foremost African-American unionist of the time, urged a march on Washington in 1942 to underscore black workers' demands for the elimination of job discrimination in war industries, the CP attacked him relentlessly. This is more than ironic: the CP had championed black workers' rights in the past, even when it complicated their efforts to organize textile workers or miners in the South. The Party had, however, strong political differences with Randolph, even before it became a supporter of the war: he had resigned as head of the Negro National Congress and denounced the CP when the CP broke with the Roosevelt Administration. When Hitler attacked the Soviet Union it continued to attack Randolph's proposed March, but now on the ground that.
Timeline of United States history (1930-1949) - Building opens 1931 - Japan invades Manchuria 1932 - Stimson Doctrine 1932 - Norris-Laguardia Act 1932 - Bonus Army marches on DC 1932 - Amelia Earhart flies across Atlantic Ocean 1932 - Norris LaGuardia Anti Injunction Bill 1932 - Reconstruction Finance Corporation 1933 - 20th Amendment 1933 - Franklin Delano Roosevelt becomes President 1933 - Agricultural Adjustment Act 1933 - Civil Works Administration 1933 - Civilian Conservation Corps 1933 - Farm Credit Administration 1933 - Home Owners Loan Corporation 1933 - Tennessee Valley Authority 1933 - Public Works Administration 1933 - National (Industrial) Recovery Act 1933 - Giuseppe Zangara kills Anton Cermak 1933 - Frances Perkins appointed United States Secretary of Labor 1933 - Montevideo Conference 1933 - 21st Amendment 1933 - Japan and Germany withdraw from League of Nations 1933.
Right-to-work laws - derisively term these work-for-less laws. The ability to pass right-to-work laws are delegated by an amendment to the Taft-Hartley Act, passed by the US Congress over then-President Harry S. Truman's veto in 1947. In a right-to-work state, the government makes it illegal for a business and a union to agree to a contract where one of the stipulations is that the employer will only hire union labor. This law only applies to labor unions, and not contracts with other corporations to provide labor. It is also illegal for a union to go on strike to prevent non-union workers from being hired. Thus, a union's right to freely negotiate a contract with an employer is denied by the government. Right-to-work laws also make it much harder to organize a union. The ability.
Pacific Maritime Association - an alleged slowdown. President George W. Bush is expected to invoke a cooling off period. See: Taft-Hartley Act.
Labor union - a greater role in management decisions through participation in corporate boards and co-determination than have unions in the United States. In addition, unions have very different relationships with political parties in different countries. In many countries unions are integrally associated with a particular political party, usally those which are left-wing or socialist. In the United States, by contrast, while the labor movement is historically aligned with the Democratic Party, the labor movement is by no means monolithic on that point; the International Brotherhood of Teamsters has supported Republican Party candidates on a number of occasions and the Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization endorsed Ronald Reagan in 1980, shortly before he destroyed it and banned all of its striking members from employment as air traffic controllers in 1981. In the United Kingdom.
List of United States Federal Legislation - by the President (primarily Executive Orders), and by other individuals or bodies (e.g. the US federal courts issue Practice Directions). Some notable Acts of Congress: 1789 - Judiciary Act 1789 - Hamilton Tariff 1791 - First Bank of the United States 1798 - Alien and Sedition Acts 1806 - Cumberland Road 1807 - Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves 1807 - Embargo Act 1809 - Non-Intercourse Act 1810 - Macon's Bill Number 2 1816 - Second Bank of the United States 1817 - Bonus Bill 1820 - Missouri Compromise 1828 - Tariff of Abominations 1833 - Force Bill 1836 - Gag Rule 1846 - Wilmot Proviso 1846 - Walker tariff 1849 - Gold Coinage Act 1850 - Compromise of 1850 1854 - Kansas-Nebraska Act 1861 - Morrill tariff 1862 - Homestead Act.
History of the United States (1865-1918) - States Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 The Aftermath of the Civil War and Reconstruction 2 The Gilded Age and the Imperial Republic 2.1 The Industrial Revolution 2.2 Relations with Native Nations 2.3 United States Expansionism 3 The Progressive Era: The Presidencies of Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson 3.4 Roots of Progressivism and the Progressive Presidencies 4 World War I 5 Related Topics The Aftermath of the Civil War and Reconstruction The destructiveness of the Union invasion and defeat of the South, followed by exploitive economic policies in the defeated region after the war, caused lasting bitterness among Southerners toward the U.S. government. This failure of the Federal government to effectively reunite the country contributed to the government's failure for many decades to enforce the Civil Rights of the formerly enslaved African-Americans in.
History of the United States Navy - when the US attempted to intercede in the War of the Pacific war between Chile, Peru, and Bolivia - the Chilean admiral threatened to send the American ships to the bottom of the ocean, and with two new British-built battleships in his fleet, he was well able to deliver on the threat. The New Navy At the beginning of the 1880s, a few naval officers were raising the alarm about the vulnerability of the nation, but were criticized or ignored. But by 1897 the Navy included a half-dozen large modern warships, with more on the way - a transformation so sudden that it has come to be called the New Navy. In 1882, on the recommendation of an advisory panel, the Navy Secretary requested Congress for funds to construct modern ships..
United States Secretary of State - under the Articles of Confederation. Congress then passed another law giving certain additional domestic responsibilities to the new Department and changing its name to the Department of State and the name of head of the department to the Secretary of State, and Washington approved this act on September 15, 1789. The new domestic duties assigned to the newly renamed department were receipt, publication, distribution, and preservation of laws of the United States, custody of the Great Seal of the United States, authentication of copies and preparation of commissions of executive branch appointments, and finally custody of the books, papers, and records of the Continental Congress including the Constitution itself and the Declaration of Independence. Most domestic functions have been transferred to other agencies. Those that remain in the Department are: storage.
United States Department of Labor - some economic statistics. Many U.S. states also have such departments. The department is headed by the United States Secretary of Labor. President William Howard Taft signed The Organic Act of the Department of Labor establishing the Department of Labor on March 4, 1913, his last day in office. He was reluctant to create the new department because he felt that the existing Cabinet departments needed reorganization before any new departments were created. However, realizing that his successor, Woodrow Wilson would likely create the department anyway, Taft signed the bill. In a memorandum written before signing the bill, Taft said, "I sign this bill with considerable hesitation, not because I dissent from the purpose of Congress to create a Department of Labor, but because I think that nine departments are enough for.
United States v. E. C. Knight Co. - is a Supreme Court case that limited the government's power to control monopolies. Background In 1890, the U.S. Congress enacted the Sherman Antitrust Act, which attempted to curb concentrations of economic power that significantly reduced competition between businesses. One of its two main provisions outlawed all trade combinations or agreements that severely restrict trade between states or with foreign powers. The second is to outlaws any attempts to monopolize trade within the United States. The case United States v. E. C. Knight Co. is the first instance in which the U. S. Supreme Court interpreted the Sherman Antitrust Act. The Case By 1892 the American Sugar Refining Company controlled 98% of the American sugar refining industry, when the E. C. Knight Company gained control of it. President Grover Cleveland, in his.
First United States Congress - the United States, April 30, 1789 Foreign Affairs (State) Department Established, July 27, 1789 War (Defense) Department Established, August 7, 1789 Treasury Department Established, September 2, 1789 Judiciary Act established Office of Attorney General and composition of Supreme Court, September 24, 1789 North Carolina ratifies Constitution, November 21, 1789. Rhode Island and Providence Plantations ratifies Constitution, May 29, 1790 Kentucky admitted to Union, February 4, 1791, effective June 1, 1792 Vermont admitted to Union, February 18, 1791, effective March 4, 1791 Members of the First United States Congress Fisher Ames (Representative), Pro-Administration, MA John Baptista Ashe (Representative), -, NC Abraham Baldwin (Representative), -, GA Richard Bassett (Senator), Anti-Administration, DE Egbert Benson (Representative), Pro-Administration, NY Theodorick Bland (Representative), -, VA Timothy Bloodworth (Representative), -, NC Elias Boudinot (Representative), -, NJ Benjamin Bourne.
