Timeline of programming languages - Timeline of programming languages This is a chronological list of programming languages. See also Alphabetical list, Categorical list, and Generational list; Programming language, Computing timeline, and History of computing hardware. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 pre 1950 2 1950 3 1960 4 1970 5 1980 6 1990 7 2000 pre 1950 Predecessor(s) YEAR PRODUCT -- Developer, Company * 1840~ FIRST PROGRAM -- Lovelace * 1945 Plankalkül -- Zuse 1950 * 1952 A-0 -- Hopper 1954 Mark I Autocode -- Brooker A-0 1954 ARITH-MATIC -- Hopper A-0 1955 MATH-MATIC -- Hopper A-0 1955 FLOW-MATIC -- Hopper A-0 1955 FORTRAN -- Backus 1956 Information Processing Language -- Newell, Shaw, Simon FLOW-MATIC 1957 COMTRAN -- Bemer FORTRAN 1958 FORTRAN II -- Backus FORTRAN 1958 Algol 58 * 1959 LISP.
Timeline of computing 1980-1989 - Timeline of computing 1980-1989 This article presents a detailed timeline of events in the history of computing from 1980 to 1989. For a narrative explaining the overall developments, see the related History of computing. Computing timelines: 500 BC-1949, 1950-1979, 1980-1989, 1990-present 1980 Mycron releases the first commercial 16-bit microcomputer, the Mycron 2000. This computer is used by Digital Research as the development platform for the CP/M-86 operating system. 1980 "DOS addresses only 1 Megabyte of RAM because we cannot imagine any applications needing more." Microsoft on the development of DOS. 1980 - June Commodore released the VIC-20, which had 3.5k of usable memory and was based on the 6502 processor. Magazines became available which contained the code for various utilities and games. A 5.25 inch disk.
Timeline of computing 1950-1979 - Timeline of computing 1950-1979 This article presents a detailed timeline of events in the history of computing from 1950 to 1979. For a narrative explaining the overall developments, see the related history of computing. Computing timelines: 500 BC-1949, 1950-1979, 1980-1989, 1990-present 1950 First commercial computer: Konrad Zuse leases his Z4 machine to ETH Zuerich. 1950 Floppy disk invented at the Imperial University in Tokyo by Doctor Yoshiro Nakamats, the sales license for the disk was granted to IBM. 1950 The British mathematician and computer pioneer Alan Turing published a paper describing what would come to be called the Turing Test. The paper explored the nature and potential development of human and computer intelligence and communication. 1951 High level language compiler invented by Grace Murray Hopper. 1951.
Unified Modeling Language - important to distinguish between a UML model, and a UML diagram, or set of diagrams, including Use Case Diagram, Collaboration Diagram, Activity Diagram, Sequence Diagram, Deployment Diagram, Component Diagram, Class Diagram, StateChart Diagram -- a UML diagram is a graphical representation of the information in the model, but the model exists independently. XMI in its current version provides interchange for the model, but not for the diagrams. UML uses a graphical notation which has text equivalents in Java and other Object-oriented languages, and also ontological equivalents which are high-level enough to merit articles in Wikipedia. To show the degree of development of this language, it is possible to state concepts such as political processes in UML notation. Thus, it is possible to translate these schemas into executable programming languages. Table of.
British Broadcasting Corporation - and digital terrestrial television (DTT) . Today the BBC broadcasts in almost every medium including these and the Internet. The BBC's technical lead is assisted by its Research & Development department at Kingswood Warren. - Website Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 History 2 Political controversy and neutrality 3 Funding 4 Divisions 4.1 Radio 4.2 Television 4.3 BBCi 5 Timeline and recent events 6 List of Stations 6.4 Television 6.5 Radio 6.6 Miscellaneous 7 Related Articles History Prior to the establishment of the BBC a number of private companies had been making experimental radio broadcasts in the UK. The Post Office (under the 1904 Wireless Telegraphy Act) was responsible for the issuing of broadcasting licences and in 1919 it stopped issuing further licences because of the large number of complaints of interference.
Computer science - to more concrete subjects like programming languages, software, and computer hardware. As a scientific discipline, it is a very different activity from computer programming and computer engineering, although the three are often confused. Computer science is no more about computers than astronomy is about telescopes - Edsger Dijkstra Computer science is not as old as physics; it lags by a couple of hundred years. However, this does not mean that there is significantly less on the computer scientist's plate than on the physicist's: younger it may be, but it has had a far more intense upbringing! - Richard Feynman The Church-Turing thesis states that all known kinds of general computing devices are essentially equivalent in what they can do, although they vary in time and space efficiency. This thesis is sometimes.
List of reference tables - size, measurement and conversions topics (these could easily be cross-referenced under other relevant categories as well) SI base units SI derived units SI prefix Unit conversions Orders of magnitude orders of magnitude (length) orders of magnitude (area) orders of magnitude (volume) orders of magnitude (mass) orders of magnitude (time) Specific measures Cooking weights and measures Historical weights and measures Vedic units of time Paper sizes ISO 216 paper sizes Mathematics List of mathematics reference tables List of mathematical topics List of statistical topics Classification of finite simple groups List of mathematical functions List of mathematical proofs List of matrices List of numbers List of relativistic equations List of small groups Mathematical constants Table of bases Table of divisors Table of integrals Table of mathematical symbols Table of prime factors Taylor series.
LiveJournal - in the last month [1]. Between them, these users make about 180,000 individual posts per day. Of those users who provided their date of birth, the vast majority are in the 15-22 age group. Of those who specified their gender, almost two thirds are female. LiveJournal is most popular in English-speaking countries (although there is a language selection feature), and the United States has the most LiveJournal users by far. Following are rounded figures from May 2003: United States - 640,000 Canada - 43,000 United Kingdom - 32,000 Australia - 17,000 LiveJournal relies heavily on user contributions and volunteer efforts. The LiveJournal Support area is run almost entirely by unpaid volunteers. Similarly, the website is translated into other languages by volunteers. Although programming is mainly done by employees and the original.
List of Japan-related topics - Tenkawa, Akiyama Nobutomo, Akizuki Tanenaga, Akizuki Tanezane, Ako, Akuma, Akune, Akutagawa Ryunosuke, Alberto Fujimori, Aleph, All Nippon Airways, All Nippon Airways Flight 61, All your base are belong to us, Altaic languages, Ama-no-Uzume, Amagasaki, Amagi, Amago clan, Amago Haruhisa, Amago Katsuhisa, Amago Kunihisa, Amago Okihisa, Amago Tsunehisa, Amago Yoshihisa, Amakazu Kagemochi, Amakusa, Amakusa Shiro, Amaterasu, Amazing 3, Amerikamura, Ami Yoshida, Amuro Ray, Anan, Android 18, Android 19, Android Cell, Angel Sanctuary, Anguirus, Animation History: Japan, Anime, Anime Complex, Anime International Company, Anjo, Anmitsu, Annaka, Anpanman, Ansei Purge, Antarctica: Shirase Aomori, Aomori prefecture, Aozora Bunko, APNIC, Arahata Kanson, Arai, Arai Hakuseki, Arakawa, Araki Sadao, Arao, Arida, Arisaka, Arishima Takeo, Arkanoid, Arlong, Art and architecture of Japan, Art-name, Artepiazza, Article 9 of the Constitution of Japan, Articuno, Arts of the Far East, Asahi,.
List of science topics - of nearest stars List of brightest stars List of mnemonics for star classification List of semiregular variable stars List of telescope types Moons of the solar system Timeline of astronomical maps, catalogs, and surveys Timeline of cosmic microwave background astronomy Timeline of cosmology Timeline of galaxies, clusters of galaxies, and large-scale structure Timeline of planetary exploration Timeline of solar astronomy Timeline of solar system astronomy Timeline of stellar astronomy Timeline of telescopes, observatories, and observing technology Timeline of the Big Bang Timeline of the interstellar medium and intergalactic medium Timeline of the Universe Timeline of white dwarfs, neutron stars, and supernovae Zodiac Biology List of biological topics Amino acids Flower album Genetic code List of Acer species (maple) List of Arecaceae Genera (palm tree family) List of common species names List.
Generational list of programming languages - Generational list of programming languages Alphabetical list of programming languages Categorical list of programming languages Chronological list of programming languages See: Programming language Atlas Autocode Algol Algol60 Algol68 AlgolW Pascal Ada Delphi Euclid Concurrent Euclid Turing Concurrent Turing Turing Plus Object Oriented Turing Modula-2 Modula-3 programming language Oberon programming language Oberon 2 programming language Component Pascal APL J Assembly BASIC Cache BASIC BASIC09 COMAL Quickbasic TrueBASIC VBScript Visual Basic CPL programming language BCPL B C D programming language Coyote programming language Pike programming language C++ C# CFM Objective C QuakeC COBOL DIBOL WATBOL CORAL FORTH FORTRAN FORTRAN II FORTRAN 66 FORTRAN 77 FORTRAN IV RATFOR WATFOR WATFIV ECMAScript (JavaScript; originally, LiveScript) Java J# Joy Lisp AutoLISP Common Lisp Emacs Lisp Logo Scheme Pico Guile ML Ocaml (Objective CAML).
Formal semantics of programming languages - Formal semantics of programming languages In theoretical computer science formal semantics is the field concerned with the rigorous mathematical study of the meaning of programming languages and models of computation. The formal semantics of a language is given by a mathematical model to represent the possible computations described by the language. There are several approaches to formal semantics. These include: Denotational semantics Operational semantics Axiomatic semantics Categorical semantics (also called Functorial semantics) The field of formal semantics also studies the relations between different models, the relations between different approaches to meaning, and the relation between computation and the underlying mathematical structures, from fields such as logic, set theory, model theory, category theory, etc. It has close links with other areas of computer science such as the design of.
J Sharp programming language - J Sharp programming language The J# (pronounced Jay Sharp) programming language is a transitional language for programmers of Sun’s Java and Microsoft’s J++ languages, so they may use their existing knowledge, and applications on Microsoft’s .NET platform. As with J++, it only supports a limited set of Java’s features..
Visual Basic for Applications programming language - Visual Basic for Applications programming language Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) is an implementation of Microsoft's Visual Basic which is built into all Microsoft Office applications, some other Microsoft applications such as Visio and is at least partially implemented in some other applications such as AutoCAD and WordPerfect. It supersedes and expands on the capabilities of earlier application-specific macro programming languages such as Word's WordBasic, and can be used to control almost all aspects of the host application, including manipulating user interface features such as menus and toolbars and working with custom user forms or dialog boxes. As its name suggests, VBA is closely related to Visual Basic, but can normally only run code from within a host application rather than as a standalone program. It can however be.
Imperative programming - Imperative programming Written by Stan Seibert, Modifed by Wikipedia contributors, published by Wikimedia. In computer science, imperative programming, as opposed to declarative programming, is a programming style that describes computation in terms of a program state and statements that change the program state. In much the same way as the imperative mood in natural languages expresses commands to take action, imperative programs are a sequence of commands for the computer to perform. The hardware implementation of almost all computers is imperative; nearly all computer hardware is designed to execute machine code, which is native to the computer, written in the imperative style. From this low-level perspective, the program state is defined by the contents of memory, and the statements are instructions in the native machine language of.
INTERCAL programming language - INTERCAL programming language INTERCAL is a programming language parody. It is said by the authors to stand for "Compiler Language With No Pronounceable Acronym". INTERCAL was perpetrated by Don Woods and James Lyons, two Princeton University students, in 1972 and is purposely different from all other computer languages in all ways but one; it is purely a written language, being totally unspeakable. An excerpt from the INTERCAL Reference Manual will make the style of the language clear: It is a well-known and oft-demonstrated fact that a person whose work is incomprehensible is held in high esteem. For example, if one were to state that the simplest way to store a value of 65536 in a 32-bit INTERCAL variable is: DO :1 <- #0$#256 any sensible programmer would.
Inheritance (object-oriented programming) - Inheritance (object-oriented programming) See inheritance (computer science)'' for other computing uses of inheritance. In object-oriented programming of computer science, an inheritance is a way to form new classeses or objectss using pre-defined objects or classes where new ones simply take over old ones's implemetions and characterstics. It is intended to help reuse of existing code with little or no modification. Complex inheritances may cause the Yo-yo problem. Applications of inheritance Specialization One common reason to use inheritance is to create specializations of existing classes or objects. This is often called subtyping when applied to classes. In specialization, the new class or object has data or behavior aspects which are not part of the inherited class. For example, a "Bank Account" class might have data for an "account number", "owner",.
Hello world program in esoteric languages - Hello world program in esoteric languages This page shows the hello world program in esoteric programming languages. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 23 2 4DL 3 Ale 4 BDAMD 5 Beatnik 6 Befunge 7 Borg 8 Brainfuck 9 Chef 10 Choon 11 Condit 12 Homespring 13 HQ9+ 14 INTERCAL 15 Malbolge 16 Mouse 17 nouse 18 Ook# 19 Oroogu 20 Orthogonal 21 Pandora 22 Piet 23 reMorse 24 RUBE 25 : 26 Sally 27 Sansism 28 Shelta 29 SMITH 30 Toadskin 31 TRANSCRIPT 32 Unlambda 33 var'aq 34 *W 35 Whenever 36 Whitespace 37 Wierd 38 XS 23 30,14,16,101,16,108,16,32,16,111,16,108,1,12,16,72,16,108,16,111,16,87,16,114,16,100,16,33 4DL See [1] for a Hello, World program in 4DL. Ale \\/>>>>>>\\+\\<<<\\+!\\>>\\+\\<<<<\\-\\<\\-!\\>>>\\+\\<<<\\-!!+++!\\/\\-\\/>>>>>\\+\\<<\\+\\<\\+!---!\\>>> \\+\\>\\+\\<<<\\-\\<<<\\-!\\>>>\\-!\\<<\\+\\<\\+!\\>\\-\\>\\-!\\>\\-!\\/\\-/>>>>>\\+\\<<<<<\\+!\\/\\-\\/>>>\\+\\<<\\+! BDAMD Note: this actually prints "HI" instead of "Hello, world". 84 > 84 > 84 > 84 >.
Hierarchy (object-oriented programming) - Hierarchy (object-oriented programming) In computer science's object-oriented programming, the mapped relationships of sub- and superclasses is known as a hierarchy. This can be visualized as an upside-down tree (or perhaps a pyramid), the top of which is known as the root. The issue is more complicated with languages that support multiple inheritance, where hierarchy can be any graph. Hierarchy in Java The root of the java class hierarchy is the object class. See also: family tree, hierarchy List of basic computer science topics.
High-level programming language - High-level programming language A high-level programming language is a programming language that is more user-friendly, to some extent platform-independent, and abstract from low-level computer processor operations such as memory accesses. See programming language for a detailed discussion. The word "high" does not imply that the language is superior to low-level languages but rather refers to the higher level of abstraction from machine language. For example, the difference between the programming language Java and assembler language is that Java abstracts programming functionality that assembler does not, for example, strings..
