Vector graphics - Vector graphics Vector graphics describes the use of geometrical primitives such as points, lines, curves, and polygons to represent images in computer graphics. It is used by contrast to the term raster graphics, which is the representation of images as a collection of pixels (dots). Virtually all current output devices must ultimately translate vector representations of an image to a raster format, but when working with vector graphics such a transformation is only done at the time the image is actually required and may be done completely differently depending on the device at which the rendering is to be targeted at. In the 1970's and 1980's, special vector graphics systems were available, in which the electron beam of the CRT display monitor was steered directly to.
Vector graphics editor - Vector graphics editor A vector graphics editor is a computer program that allows users to compose and edit vector graphics pictures interactively on the computer screen (compare with MetaPost) and save them in one of many popular vector graphics formats such as .CDR, PDF, WMF or SVG. The main difference between this sort of application and those used in Computer Assisted Drafting is that the drawings produced by a vector graphics editor are mostly decorative and are neither intended to represent a real-world structure nor to act as the blueprint for one. Computationally speaking, however, the two processes are closely related. Well-known vector graphics editors Adobe Illustrator, the de facto standard CorelDraw Macromedia FreeHand OpenOffice.org Draw {SVG output/ no SVG input yet} Free W3C Amaya can.
Scalable Vector Graphics - Scalable Vector Graphics Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is a language for describing two-dimensional static and animated vector graphics in XML. SVG became a W3C recommendation in September 2001. SVG was developed in a long process after Macromedia and Microsoft introduced VML whereas Adobe and Sun submitted a competing format known as PGML. SVG is natively supported in the Amaya web browser. In other ones, a plugin, like Adobe SVG Viewer or Corel SVG Viewer, is needed to see SVG images, but they can be displayed by external editors and viewers. Mozilla now supports parts of the W3C SVG Standard, but much is still unsupported. From the W3C Overview of SVG: SVG allows three types of graphic objects: vector graphic shapes (e.g. paths consisting of straight lines and.
Sketch vector graphics editor - Sketch vector graphics editor Sketch is a vector-based illustration computer program for various UNIX platforms. It is written in C and uses the GTK+ libraries to provide object and GUI services. Sketch is open source and licenced under the GNU Library General Public Licence (LGPL). External Links Sketch home page.
Vector - Vector The word vector means "carrier" in Latin; it is derived from the Latin verb vehere, which means to carry. In mathematics, it generally refers to any element of an abstractly-defined vector space over a field. Vector (spatial): In physics and engineering, vector most often refers specifically to an object that has a special relationship to the spatial coordinates/directions, i.e. an element of a tangent bundle. Related concepts include: four-vector (the generalization to space and time in relativity), pseudovector, vector calculus, vector bundle, unit vector, and normal vector. If the vector space is finite-dimensional, its vectors are commonly denoted by matrices with dimensions n×1 (column vector) or 1×n (row vector). Other specific types of vector include: probability vector. In computer programming, the same as list or.
Graphics program - Graphics program A graphics program is a piece of computer software that enables a user to modify or view graphics files. Computer graphics can be classified into two distinct categories: raster graphics and vector graphics. Before learning about computer software that manipulates or displays these graphics types, you should be familiar with both. Many graphics programs focus exclusively on either vector or raster graphics, but there are a few that combine them in interesting and sometimes unexpected ways. Most graphics programs have the ability to import and export one or more graphics file formats. Several graphics programs support animation, or digital video. Vector graphics animation can be described as a series of mathematical transformations that are applied in sequence to one or more shapes in a.
Graphics application suite - Graphics application suite A set of computer programs suitable for graphics work, sold or otherwise distributed together, and usually able to interact with each other on a higher level than the operating system would normally allow. There is no hard and fast rule regarding the programs to be included in an office application suite, but most will include at least a bitmap graphics editor and a vector graphics editor element. In addition to these the suite may contain 3-dimensional graphics editors, applications with which to create animations, and morphing tools. Some graphics suites Corel Graphics suite Adobe graphics suite.
Graphics file format - Graphics file format Here is a summary of the most common graphics file formats: Common Raster Graphics Formats file extension MIME type proper name description .bmp image/bmp Windows Bitmap Commonly used by Microsoft Windows programs, and the Windows operating system itself. Lossless compression can be specified, but some programs use only uncompressed files. .fpx image/fpx ??? Flashpix (1.0.2) Uncompressed / lossy, 8-bit grayscale & 24-bit color. Provides multiple resolutions of each image. .gif image/gif Graphics Interchange Format Used extensively on the web, but sometimes avoided due to patent issues. Supports animated images. Supports only 255 colors per frame, so requires lossy quantization for full-color photos; using multiple frames can improve color precision. Uses non-lossy, patented LZW compression. This patent expired in 2003. .iff .ilbm ? Interchange.
2D computer graphics - 2D computer graphics 2D computer graphics are graphical images created with the aid of digital computers, in which two-dimensional visual techniques are employed. The term may also refer to the field of study or practice of two-dimensional computer graphics methods as a whole. 2D computer graphics typically do not involve the need for any kind of three-dimensional internal representation of objects or lighting characteristics in the computer; that field is customarily reserved for 3D computer graphics. Some primarily 2D software employs 3D techniques and concepts. In 2D computer graphics, the computer screen may be considered as a canvas on which an image is drawn or composed. Several techniques exist for rendering 2D graphics on a computer screen; these may be broadly categorized into raster graphics, in which a.
Computer graphics - Computer graphics Computer graphics is the field of synthesising or augmenting imagery through digital means, for artistic, engineering, recreational or scientific purposes. The first computer graphics were the output of text and numbers on electronic displays, though computer graphics today typically refers to creating images and not text. This field can be divided into two general areas: real-time rendering, and non real-time rendering. Development in computer graphics was first fueled by academic interests and government sponsorship. However, as real-world applications of computer graphics (CG) in broadcast television and movies proved a viable alternative to more traditional special effects and animation techniques, commercial parties have increasingly funded advances in the field. It is often thought that the first feature film to use computer graphics was 2001: A Space.
Computer Graphics Metafile - Computer Graphics Metafile Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM) is a file format for vector graphics. All graphical elements can be specified in a textual source file that can be compiled into a binary representation. Its roots are from the areas of technical illustration and professional design. But it shares a lot of functionality with other good formats like SVG or DXF..
Raster graphics - Raster graphics A raster graphics image, or bitmap, is a data file or structure that consists of a generally rectangular array of pixels, or points of color, on a computer monitor, paper, or other display device. Each pixel has a corresponding red, green, and blue value that combine to determine the colour displayed by that pixel. In this sense, typical raster graphics are said to operate in the RGB color space. This is both the raw format that computer graphics hardware uses to project an image on your monitor, and the basis for many graphics file formats. A bitmap corresponds bit for bit with an image displayed on a screen, probably in the same format as it would be stored in the display's video memory or maybe.
Vectrex - died in 1984 after the video game crash of 1983. Unlike other video game consoles that connected to TV's to display raster graphics, the Vectrex included its own monitor which displayed vector graphics. It also had screen overlays that would cut down on flickering and also add some color and static images. At the time many of the most popular arcade games used vector displays, and GCE was looking to set themselves apart from the pack by selling high-quality versions of games like Asteroids, Space Wars, and Armor Attack. Technical specifications CPU : Motorola 68A09 @ 1.6MHz CRT : Samsung 240RB40 B&W Vector RAM: 1KB×4-bit 2114 (two) ROM: 8KB×8-bit 2363 Sound: General Instrument AY-3-8912 List of game titles 3D Crazy Coaster 3D Minestorm 3D Narrow Escape AnimAction Armor Attack Art Master Bedlam Berzerk.
KOffice - and effect support. Kivio. A programmable flowchart drawing program with dynamically loadable stencils. Developed by theKompany, which offers additional (copyrighted) stencils for sale. Karbon14. A vector drawing application with a variety of drawing and editing tools. Krita (formerly known as Krayon and KImageshop). A bitmap graphics manipulation program, primarily designed as a painting program, with some image processing features. Kugar and KChart. Integrated report and chart generators. KFormula. An integrated mathematical formula editor. Kexi. An integrated environment for managing data. It helps creating database schemas, inserting, querying and processing data. (Kexi Project site) KOffice includes import filters for some file formats provided by competitors. The suite is released separately from KDE and can be downloaded at the KOffice homepage..
Image - a camera, mirror, refraction, telescope, microscope, etc.), or by artistic methods such as drawing or painting. See also: Imaging Raster graphics Vector graphics Voyager Golden Record In computer science, image can be used in : Disk image: a CR-ROM ISO image or floppy image. It´s a file that contains sector by sector what is in a CD-ROM or floppy. Executable image: A structured file containing machine instructions and data. This file can be loaded into a process's virtual memory and executed. See kernel (computers) image. In mathematics, an image is a value or set of values of a function. Specifically, let f be a function from the set X to the set Y. If a is an element of X, then its image under f is the value f(a). If A.
Inkscape - Inkscape Inkscape is an open source vector graphics editor. Its goal is to be fully compliant with the SVG and CSS standards. Inkscape was originally a code fork of the Sodipodi project. The developers forked from Sodipodi because they had different goals than the Sodipodi team. The fork has, among other things, allowed Inkscape developers to convert the code to C++ and the gtkmm toolkit, and to make changes to the user interface. External Link Inkscape project website.
VML - VML VML (Vector Markup Language) is an XML language used to produce vector graphics. VML was submitted as a proposed standard to the W3C in 1998 by Microsoft, Macromedia, and others. VML was rejected as a web standard because Adobe, Sun, and others submitted a competing proposal known as PGML. The two standards were joined and improved upon to create SVG. Even though rejected as a standard by the W3C, and typically ignored by developers, Microsoft still implemented VML into Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 and higher and in Microsoft Office 2000 and higher. W3C VML proposal MSDN VML Page.
VRML - standard file format for representing 3-dimensional (3D) interactive vector graphics, designed particularly with the World Wide Web in mind. It is a text file format where, e.g., vertices and edges for a 3D polygon can be specified along with the surface color, image-mapped textures, shininess, transparency, and so on. URLs can be associated with graphical components so that a browser might fetch a web-page or a new VRML file from the Internet when the user clicks on the specific graphical component. Animations, sounds, lighting, and other aspects of the virtual world can interact with the user or may be triggered by external events such as timers. A special Script Node allows to add program code (e.g., written in Java or JavaScript (ECMAScript)) to a VRML file. VRML files are commonly called.
VT220 - added support for the Multinational Character Set and came with a redesigned keyboard. Variants of the VT220 were the VT240 and VT241, both capable of displaying vector graphics. The VT241 was equipped with a color screen. The successor of the VT220 was the VT320..
Geometric primitive - primitive The term geometric primitive in computer graphics and CAD systems is used in various senses, with common meaning of atomic geometric objects the system can handle (draw, store). Sometimes the subroutines that draw the corresponding objects are called "geometric primitives" as well. The most "primitive" primitives are point and straight line segment. In fact, they were sufficient for early vector graphics systems. Modern 2D computer graphics systems may operate with primitives which are lines (segments of straight lines, circles and more complicated curves), as well as shapes (boxes, arbitrary polygons, circles). In constructive solid geometry, primitives are simple geometric shapes such as a cube, cylinder, sphere, cone, pyramid, torus..
