Vespasian - Vespasian Caesar Vespasianus Augustus (November 18, 9 AD - June 23, 79), original name Titus Flavius Vespasianus and best known as Vespasian, was the emperor of Rome from 69 to 79. He was founder of the Flavian dynasty and acceded the throne in the end of the Year of the four emperors. He was born in the Sabine country near Reate. His father Flavius Sabinus was a tax collector and money-lender on a small scale; his mother Vespasia Polla was the sister of a senator. After having served with the army in Thrace and been quaestor in Crete and Cyrene, Vespasian rose to be aedile and praetor, having meanwhile married Flavia Domitilla, the daughter of an equestrian, by whom he had two sons, Titus and Domitian,.
Kommagene - attacks from Marcus Antonius, whom he eventually joined in the Roman civil war, but after Antony's defeat to Augustus, Kommagene was made a Roman client-state. In AD 17 Tiberius deposed Antiochus III, but Caligula reinstated his son Antiochus IV Epiphanes who reigned until 72, when Vespasian deposed the dynasty. Their descendants lived on prosperously in Greece, where local benefactor Julius Antiochus Philopappus still has a monument in Athen. Kommagene is famous for its sanctuary located in Nemrud Mountain (Nemrud Dagi), an enormous complex on a mountain-top founded by Antiochus Theos featuring giant statues of the king (whose epithet means God), surrounded by gods. The location of Antiochus' tomb is one of the mysteries of archeology and recent research has revealed that on the peak of Nemrud Mountain close to the mausoleum.
James the Just - the Pharisees, upset at his teachings, threw him from a tower, then stoned him to death. Josephus adds that this occurred while Albinus was procurator of Palestine, dating this to AD 62. Vespasian's siege and capture of Jerusalem delayed the selection of Symeon, son of Clopas, to succeed him. He is most likely the James mentioned in Acts 12:17, 15:13ff, and 21:18. Eusebius also reports the tradition that James the Just was the son of Joseph, and therefore the brother of Jesus (as well as Jude) mentioned in Matthew 13:55, Mark 6:3, and Galatians 1:19. Paul further describes James in Galatians, with Cephas (better known as Peter) and John, as one of the "pillars", and who will go preach to "the circumcised" (that is the Jews) while Paul and Barnabas will.
Vitellius - men a military revolution was speedily accomplished, and early in 69 Vitellius was proclaimed emperor at Colonia Agrippinensis (Cologne), or, more accurately, emperor of the armies of Upper and Lower Germany. In fact, he was never acknowledged as emperor by the entire Roman world, though at Rome the senate accepted him and decreed to him the usual imperial honours. He advanced into Italy at the head of a licentious and rough soldiery, and Rome became the scene of riot and massacre, gladiatorial shows and extravagant feasting. As soon as it was known that the armies of the East, Dalmatia, and Illyricum had declared for Vespasian, Vitellius, deserted by many of his adherents, would have resigned the title of emperor. It is said that he awaited Vesapisan's army at Mevania. It was.
Josephus - the book is based on the events of his own life, including those of his own administrative experience. Jewish Antiquities, (written c. 99) composed again for Greek readers, is a history of the Jews from the Creation to the outbreak of the war in the late 60s. At the end of the Antiquities is an autobiographical section in defense of Josephus's own conduct at the end of the war when he cooperated with the Roman forces of Vespasian. Josephus's Against Apion is a defense of Judaism against classical religion and philosophy stressing the antiquity of Judaism and its scriptures against what Josephus pointed out was the relatively more recent traditions of the Greeks. Some anti-Seminic allegations by Apion are addressed there as well. Jews have mixed feelings regarding Josephus. He was.
John Mandeville - exists in Odoric) displays a good deal of imaginative power; and there is much in the account of Christian's passage through the Valley of the Shadow of Death, in John Bunyan's famous allegory, which indicates a possibility that Bunyan may have read and remembered this episode either in Mandeville or in Hakluyt's Odoric. Nor does it follow that the whole work is borrowed or fictitious. Even the great Moorish traveller Ibn Batuta, accurate and veracious in the main, seems--in one part at least of his narrative--to invent experiences; and in such works as those of Jan van Hees and Arnold von Harif we have examples of pilgrims to the Holy Land whose narratives begin apparently in sober truth, and gradually pass into flourishes of fiction and extravagance. So in Mandeville also.
John Crowne - which has, in spite of its title, no pretensions to rank as an historical drama. The earl of Rochester procured for him, apparently with the sole object of annoying Dryden by infringing on his rights as poet-laureate, a commission to supply a masque for performance at court. Calisto gained him the favour of Charles II, but Rochester proved a fickle patron, and his favour was completely alienated by the success of Crowne's heroic play in two parts, The Destruction of Jerusalem by Titus Vespasian (1677). This piece contained a thinly disguised satire on the Puritan party in the description of the Pharisees, and about 1683 he produced a distinctly political play, The City Politiques, satirizing the Whig party and containing characters which were readily recognized as portraits of Titus Oates and.
Justin Martyr - from his own writings. He was born at Flavia Neapolis (formerly Shechem in Palestine. The city had been founded by Vespasian in the aftermath of the destruction of Jerusalem in AD 70. Justin suffered martyrdom at Rome under Marcus Aurelius when Rusticus was prefect of the city (between 162 and 168). He calls himself a Samaritan, but his father and grandfather were doubtless Greek or Roman, and he was brought up a pagan. It seems that he had property, studied philosophy, became converted to Christianity, and devoted the rest of his life to teaching what he considered the true philosophy, still wearing his philosopher's gown to indicate that he had attained to the truth. He probably travelled widely and ultimately settled in Rome as a Christian teacher. The earliest mention of.
Via Flaminia - the bridges except the Pons Mulvius, by which it crosses the Tiber, 2 miles north of Rome (built by Marcus Aemilius Scaurus in 109 BC), and an unknown Pons Minucius. Triumphal arches were erected in his honour on the former bridge and at Ariminum, the latter of which is still preserved. Vespasian constructed a new tunnel through the pass of Intercisa (Furlo), in 77, and Trajan, as inscriptions show, repaired several bridges along the road. In the Middle Ages it was known as the Ravenna road, as it led to the then more important city of Ravenna. Following the end of the Exarchate of Ravenna, it fell into disuse during the Lombard period, but was partially reconstructed in the Renaissance era and continued to be of military importance until the Napoleonic.
Year of the four emperors - four emperors. Between June of 68 and December of 69 AD, Rome witnessed the rise and fall of Galba, Otho and Vitellius until the final accession of Vespasian. This period of civil war is emblematic of the cyclic political disturbances in the history of the Roman Empire. The military and political anarchy of this civil war had serious implications, like the outbreak of the Batavian rebellion. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Nero to Galba 2 Galba to Otho 3 Otho to Vitellius 4 Vitellius to Vespasian 5 Aftermath 6 Chronology 7 References Nero to Galba The last years of Nero's reign were characterized by a climate of fear and terror. The city and senate were overwhelmed by the emperor's power and suffered dearly with his paranoia. In April 68, senator Caius.
History of Malaysia - and other metals: the Roman Empire and China. The overland route from China was cut by marauding Huns, and at about the same time, the Roman Emperor Vespasian cut off shipments of gold to India. As a result, India sent large and seaworthy ships, with crews reported to have numbered in the hundreds, to Southeast Asia, including the Malay Peninsula, to seek alternative sources. In the centuries that followed, rich Malaysian tin deposits assumed great significance in Indian Ocean trade, and the region prospered. As maritime trade among Middle Eastern, Indian, and Chinese ports flourished, the peninsula benefited from its location as well as from development of its diverse resources, including tropical woods and spices. Malay ships became prominent in that trade, and Malay ports served as transshipment centers. Indian trade.
History of ancient Israel and Judah - and revived idolatry. 637-607 BC. The reign of King Josiah is accompanied by a religious reformation. While repairs were made on the Temple, the Book of the Law was discovered (this was probably the book of Deuteronomy). http://www.infidels.org/library/modern/gerald_larue/otll/chap19.html 612 BC. King Nabopalassar of Babylonia attacks and destroys the Assyrian capitol city of Nineveh and regains Babylonia's independence. The Assyrian empire is destroyed. 587 BC. Babylon, under King Nebuchadnezzar II, seizes Jerusalem. The First Temple is destroyed. The date is the 9th of Av, Tisha B'av. http://www.jajz-ed.org.il/festivls/9avrka.html 586 BC. Conquest of Judah (Southern Kingdom) by Babylon. A large part of Judea's population is exiled to Babylonia. 722-586 BC. The First Dispersion, the Diaspora. Jews are taken as slaves, or flee to Egypt Syria, Mesopotamia, and Persia. http://www.us-israel.org/jsource/History/Exile.html 559 BC. Cyrus the Great.
History of anti-Semitism - erects an altar to Zeus in the Second Temple after plundering it. He is eventually expelled by the Maccabees, who were led by Judas Maccabeus. Jews celebrate Hanukkah in commemoration of their victory. 2nd century BCE: Mnaseas of Patros, a Greek author, reports that the Jews worship a donkey's head in the Holy of Holies. (Repeated by Apollonius Molon, Democritus, Apion, Plutarch, Tacitus) 59 BCE Cicero denounces Judaism as barbara superstitio, describes Jews as people born to be slaves. 66-73 Great Jewish Revolt against the Romans is crushed by Vespasian and Titus Flavius. Titus refuses to accept a wreath of victory, as there is "no merit in vanquishing people forsaken by their own God". (Philostratus, Vita Apollonii) 1st century Fabrications of Apion in Alexandria, Egypt, including the first recorded blood libel..
Gaius Valerius Flaccus - was a Roman poet, who flourished under the emperors Vespasian and Titus. He has been identified on insufficient grounds with a poet friend of Martial (i. 61. 76), a native of Padua, and in needy circumstances; but as he was a member of the College of Fifteen, who had charge of the Sibylline books (i. 5), he must have been well off. The subscription of the Vatican manuscript, which adds the name Setinus Balbus, points to his having been a native of Setia in Latium. The only ancient writer who mentions him is Quintilian (Instil. Orat. x. I. 90), who laments his recent death as a great loss; as Quintilian's work was finished about AD 90, this gives a limit for the death of Flaccus. His major work, the Argonautica, dedicated.
Great Jewish Revolt - Greek-speaking Roman garrison did not intrude. Young priests in Jerusalem then ceased prayers and sacrifices dedicated to the Roman Emperor, and the rebels attacked and destroyed the Roman garrison stationed in Jerusalem. The pro-Roman king Agrippa II and his sister Berenice fled Jerusalem to Galilee, where later they gave themselves up to Romans. Cestius Gallus, the legate of Syria, brought reinforcements to restore order, but lost nearly his entire legion while retreating. The fall Emperor Nero appointed general Vespasian instead of Gallus to quash the rebellion. Vespasian made Caesarea his headquarters and with his legions (60,000 professional soldiers) methodically cleared the coast and the most radicalized area, the North. By the end of 68, Jewish resistance in the North has been crushed. The leaders of collapsed Northern revolt John of Giscala.
Flavian - ruled from 69, the "Year of the Four Emperors", to 96, when the last member was assassinated. Vespasian (69-79) Titus Flavius (79-81), son of Vespasian Domitian (81-96), son of Vespasian, younger brother of Titus Flavian was later the name of several bishops of Constantinople and Antioch: Flavian I of Antioch Flavian II of Antioch Flavian of Constantinople Fravitta See also: Eastern Orthodoxy - Orthodox This is a disambiguation page; that is, one that just points to other pages that might otherwise have the same name. If you followed a link here, you might want to go back and fix the link, so that it points to the appropriate page..
Eusebius of Caesarea - material of the four Evangelists, Eusebius divided his edition of the New Testament into paragraphs and provided it with a synoptical table so that it might be easier to find the pericopes which belong together. 2. The "Chronicle" The two greatest historical works of Eusebius are his "Chronicle" and his "Church History." The former (Greek, Pantodape historia, "Universal History") is divided into two parts. The first part (Greek, Chronographia, "Annals") purports to give an epitome of universal history from the sources, arranged according to nations. The second part (Greek, Chronikoi kanones, "Chronological Canons") attempts to furnish a synchronism of the historical material in parallel columns. The work as a whole has been lost in the original, but it may be reconstructed from later chronographists of the Byzantine school who made excerpts.
Domitian - October 24 51 and died in September 18 96. He was the son of Vespasian, by his wife Domitilla, and brother of Titus, whom he succeeded in 81. Early life Domitian was born in Rome while his father was still a politician and military commander. He received the education of a young man of the privileged senatorial class. He studied rhetorics and literature, publishing some of his writings, law and administration. In his biography Suetonius he reports as a learned and educated adolescent, with elegant conversation. Unlike his brother, Titus, who was much older than himself, Domitian did not accompany their father in his campaigns in the African provinces and Judea. During the year of the four emperors (69 AD), Domitian assumed a caution discrete position but moved immediately to the.
Domus Aurea - and covered in gold. In the centre was a man-made lake, and Nero also commissioned a bronze statue of himself, designed to look like Apollo. Vespasian tore down most of the Domus Aurea, and filled the lake with concrete, in order to build the Flavian Amphitheater..
Domitia Longina - Longina. In 70, Domitian was married to Lucius Aelius Lamia, but she attracted the attention of Domitian, son of emperor Vespasian. Shortly afterwards she was took from her husband and remarried with the future emperor. They had a son in the next year and a daughter in 74, both died young. Domitian was very fond of his wife and carried her in all his travels. Nevertheless, he was also seen often in the company of other women and kept an enormous amount of lovers. He did not, however, tolerate the same kind of liberties from his wife. In 83, Domitia Longina's affair with the actor Paris was disclosed. Paris was executed and Domitia received her letter of divorce from Domitian. She was exiled, but remained close to Roman politics and to.
