Vsevolod I, Prince of Kiev - Vsevolod I, Prince of Kiev Vsevolod I (1030-1093) ruled as prince of Kiev from 1076 until his death. The son of Yaroslav I, Prince of Kiev, he married Ingigerd (Anna) Olafsdottir, daughter of king Olof Skötkonung of Sweden. Vesevolod's brother was Valdimir II, Prince of Novgorod..
Vsevolod of Kiev - Vsevolod of Kiev Vsevolod I (1030 -1093) ruled as prince of Kiev from 1076 until his death. The son of Yaroslav I, Prince of Kiev, he married Ingigerd (Anna) Olafsdottir, daughter of king Olof Skötkonung of Sweden. Vesevolod's brother was Valdimir II, Prince of Novgorod. Preceded by: Sviatoslav II Rulers of Kievan Rus Succeeded by: Sviatopolk II.
Kievan Rus' - Union Commonwealth of Independent States History of post-communist Russia List of famous Russians Kievan Rus' was the early Russian state dominated by the city of Kiev from about 860 to the middle of the 12th century. The reigns of St. Vladimir (980-1015) and his son Iaroslav the Wise (1019-1054) constitute the Golden Age of Kiev, which saw the acceptance of Orthodox Christianity and the creation of the first Russian written legal code, the Russkaya Pravda. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Early History of Kievan Rus' 2 The Golden Age of Kiev 3 The Rise of Regional Centers 4 References Early History of Kievan Rus' According to the Primary Chronicle, the earliest chronicle of Kievan Rus', a Varangian (Viking) named Rurik first established himself in Novgorod (according to the chronicle, he was.
Vladimir II, Prince of Novgorod - Vladimir II, Prince of Novgorod Vladimir II Holti ("the Nimble") (1020-1052) reigned as prince of Novgorod from 1036 until his death. The son of Yaroslav I, prince of Kiev, and Ingigerd (Anna), daughter of king Olaf Skötkonung of Sweden, he married Oda of Stade, near modern Hamburg. Vladimir's brother was Vsevolod I, prince of Kiev..
Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor - Canossa (near Parma) belonging to Matilda, Countess of Tuscany. Henry's intent, however, was to perform the penance required to lift his excommunication, and ensure his continued rule. He stood for three days, 25 January - 27 January 1077, outside the gate at Canossa, begging the pope to rescind the sentence (though not, as is often stated, in bare shirt with no food or shelter). The Pope lifted the excommunication, imposing a vow to comply with certain conditions, which Henry soon violated. Henry's first marriage, to Bertha, countess of Maurine, produced two sons, of whom Conrad died after claiming the imperial crown, and Henry forced his father's abdication in 1105, replacing him as Henry V. A daughter, Agnes of Franconia, married the later Hohenstaufen emperor Frederick I Barbarossa. Henry's second marriage (1089-93).
Yaroslav I the Wise - the Wise Yaroslav I the Wise (978-1054) was thrice prince of Novgorod and Kiev, uniting the two principalities for a time under his rule. The son of Vladimir the Great of Kiev and the nun Ragnilda of Polotsk, Yaroslav married Ingigerd (Anna), daughter of king Olaf Skötkonung of Sweden. One of their many children became Vladimir II, prince of Novgorod. His daughter Anna Yaroslavna was married to Henry I of France. Yaroslav's granddaughter, his son Vsevolod I, Prince of Kiev's daughter named Eupraxia, was married to Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor. Preceded by: Sviatopolk I Rulers of Kievan Rus Succeeded by: Iziaslav.
Vladimir I, Prince of Kiev - Vladimir I, Prince of Kiev Vladimir (in Ukrainian, Volodymyr) I, Prince of Kiev, in German Valdimar, in Russian known as Saint Vladimir or as Vladimis the Great, (c.958-1015), was the illegitimate son of Sviatoslav I and the grandson of Olga of Kiev. Varangian ruler of Kiev from 980, he converted to Christianity in 988, reversing Sviatoslav's adherence to the pagan tradition (which was probably a mix of Norse and Slavic elements). Transferring his capital to Pereyaslavets in 969, Sviatoslav designated Vladimir ruler of Novgorod but gave Kiev to his legitimate son Yaropolk. After Sviatoslav's death (972), civil war erupted (976) between Yaropolk and his younger brother Oleg, ruler of Dereva. As he belonged to the Norse elite, Vladimir fled (977) to Scandinavia, and Novgorod fell to Yaropolk..
Sviatoslav I, Prince of Kiev - Sviatoslav I, Prince of Kiev Sviatoslav I reigned as a Varangian prince of Kiev from 945, transferring his capital to Pereyaslavets in 969. His mother Olga of Kiev ruled as regent until his majority (c.963). Until his death in 972 Sviatoslav rejected the Christianity embraced by Olga. He was known as a warrior Prince and spent most of his reign campaigning against nearby tribes. His unorthodx appearance was noted by the Byzantines who described him as having shaved one side of his head, and having a single large gold earring. He divided his territories among his sons Yaropolk and Oleg, and the illegitimate Vladimir. Sviatoslav was killed in battle with the Pechnegs in 972 Preceded by: Olga Rulers of Kievan Rus Succeeded by: Yaropolk.
Rulers of Kievan Rus' - next 800 years. Riurik's capital was the northern city of Novgorod, his successor Oleg relocated the capital to Kiev. While the early rulers of Rus were Scandinavians they were soon absorbed by the local population and became Russians. The unity of Kievan Rus gradually declined, and was all but gone by 1132. After that period Kievan Rus shattered into a number of smaller states all of which contested for the throne of Kiev. Kievan Rus was finally destroyed by the Mongols in 1240, but the Riurikovich line persisted and ruled Moscow until the early seventeenth century. For later Riurikovich rulers see Rulers of Moscow. Princes of Novgorod Riurik (c.860-879) Oleg (Regent) (879-912) Rulers of Kievan Rus Igor (912-945) Olga (Regent) (945-962) Sviatoslav I (962-972) Yaropolk (972-980) Vladimir I (980-1015) Sviatopolk I.
Igor of Kiev - Igor of Kiev The Varangian Prince Igor (or Ingvar Helgisson) ruled Kievan Rus from (912-945). Igor expanded Kiev's power until being killed by Derevlians in 945. Preceded by: Oleg Rulers of Kievan Rus Succeeded by: Olga.
Sviatopolk I of Kiev - Sviatopolk I of Kiev Prince Sviatopolk of Kiev (1015-1019) was the elder son of Vladimir I of Kiev he inherited Kiev after his father's death. Soon civil war broke out between him and his brothers, while at first Sviatopolk was victorious he was eventually defeated by his younger brother Yaroslav. Sviatopolk is notorious in Russian histroy for murdering his two younder brothers Boris and Gleb, who were later cannonized by the Russian Orthodox Church. Preceded by: Vladimir I Rulers of Kievan Rus Succeeded by: Yaroslav.
Olga of Kiev - Olga of Kiev Olga (Saint Olga, Helga)(c.880-969), belonged to the Scandinavian aristocracy in Russia (Rus', Varangians) and married the future Igor, prince of Kiev in 903. After his death, she ruled Kievan Rus as regent (945-c.963) for their son, Sviatoslav I. She spent great effort to avenge her husband's death at the hands of the Derevlians, and succeeded in slaughtering most of them. She was the first Rus ruler to convert to Christianity, sometime between 954 and 958. However, she failed to convert Sviatoslav, and it was left to his son and successor Vladimir I to make Christianity the lasting state religion. Preceded by: Igor Rulers of Kievan Rus Succeeded by: Sviatoslav I.
Yaropolk of Kiev - Yaropolk of Kiev Varangian Prince Yaropolk was given Kiev by his father Sviatoslav I and ruled it from 972-980. After Sviatoslav's death however, civil war soon began between Yaropolk and his brothers. In 980 Yaropolk was defeated by his brother Vladimir in 980 and lost his throne. Preceded by: Sviatoslav I Rulers of Kievan Rus Succeeded by: Vladimir I.
John III of Poland - of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania, Ruthenia (Ukraine & Belarus), Prussia, Masovia, Samogitia, Livonia, Smolensk, Kiev, Volhynia, Podlachia, Sewierz and, Czernichow, etc. Biography In 1668 King Jan II Kazimierz appointed John Sobieski the Commander-in-Chief of the Polish army. After a distinguished military career, and following the death of King Jan II Kazimierz's successor, Michael Korybut Wisniowiecki, John Sobieski was elected by the nobility as king of Poland on May 21,1674. John Sobieski's military prowess, as exhibited in a war against Turkey, contributed to his election as king of Poland. Later he allied with the Holy Roman Emperor. His greatest success came on September 12, 1683 as victor at the Battle of Vienna, with German and Polish troops, once more against the Turks under Kara Mustafa. He married Marie Casimire Louise de.
Vladimir Monomakh - (1053 - May 19, 1125) Grand prince of Kyiv (Ukraine) from 1113 to 1125. Monomakh was the son of Vsevolod Yaroslavych and (allegedly) a daugther of Constantine Monomachos. Among his accomplishments were the initiation of the Liubech congress of princes in 1097, and Dolobske council of princes in 1103. He also made a number of social reforms. Monomakh is buried in the Saint Sophia Cathedral in Kyiv..
History of anti-Semitism - pest of the Jews" and decrees that all converts must be registered by a parish priest, who must issue travel permits. All holidays, Christian and Jewish, must be spent in the presence of a priest to ensure piety and to prevent the backsliding. 692 Trulan Ecumenical Council in Italy forbids clergymen on pain of excommunication to bathe in public baths with Jews, employ a Jewish doctor or socialize with Jews. 694 17th Council of Toledo, Spain. King Egica believes rumors that the Jews had conspired to ally themselves with the Muslim invaders and forces Jews to give all land, slaves and buildings bought from Christians, to his treasury. He declares that all Jewish children over the age of seven should be taken from their homes and raised as Christians. 717 Caliph.
Golden Horde - Mongols quickly gained control of the steppe regions incorporating the local Turkic peoples into their army. Batu then began campaigning in Russia in 1237. There he overran much of Kievan Rus', the Russian state. He sacked its capital Kiev in 1240, ending its prosperity. All of Kievan Rus except Novgorod was captured, and even Novgorod under Alexander Nevsky acknowledged the Khan's supremacy. Unlike the central Asian steppe Russia was not incorporated into the Golden Horde, but was an independent vassal state paying tribute to the Khan. The Horde regarded Russia as a peripheral area of little interest as long as it continued to pay tribute. In 1242 Batu established the Golden Horde at Sarai. Sarai was made its capital. In 1255 Batu died and passed the Horde on to his heir..
Grand duke - 1815. The term probably originated in Germany, where it was used to refer to the rulers of medieval Russian states. Grand Duke is the traditional translation of the title, velikii kniaz, which from the 11th century was the title of first the leading Russian prince (in Kiev), then of several Russian princes. From 1328 the velikii kniaz of Muscovy appeared as the Grand Duke for "all of Russia" until Ivan IV in 1547 was crowneded as tsar, thereafter the title was given to sons and grandsons of the tsar and emperors of Russia. A more accurate translation of the Russian title would be Great Prince - especially in the pre-Petrine era - but the term is neither standard nor widely used in English. In German, however, a Russian Grand Duke was.
Early history of Poland (until 1385) - away Popielid dynasty. Lands under Duke Mieszko's rule including lands kept as vassal of the emperor and as margrave encompassed Greater Poland, Lesser Poland,Masovia, Silesia and Pomerania. The lands totalled about 250,000 km2 in area, with a population of about 1 million. Mieszko I married Dubrawka, daughter of the Czech duke Boleslav I and was baptised into the Roman branch of Christianity in 966. This event started widespread conversion to Christianity within Mieszko I realms and was also a fact of political significance. It marked the beginning of Poland as part of the Christian western world. Moreover he also allied with the Czechs to try to keep the German land conquered or received as lien for themselves. He was christened by a Czech clergy. In 967 the Polish ruler defeated German.
Estrid of the Obotrites - King of Sweden. Their son Anund Jacob succeeded Olaf as king. A daughter, Ingigerd, or Anna, married Yaroslav I the Wise, prince of Novgorod and Kiev..
