Vulgate - Vulgate The Vulgate Bible is an early 5th century translation of the Bible into Latin by St. Jerome, at the instigation of Pope Damasus I. The version takes its name from the phrase vulgata editio, "the edition for the people" (cf. Vulgar Latin), and was written in an everyday Latin used in conscious distinction to the elegant Ciceronian Latin of which Jerome was a master. The Vulgate was designed to be both easier to understand and more accurate than its predecessors. Jerome was responsible for at least three slightly different versions of the Vulgate. The Romana Vulgate was the first. It was soon replaced by later versions except in Britain, where it continued to be used until the Norman Conquest in 1066. Next was the Gallicana.
King James Version of the Bible - Song of Songs: Edward Lively, John Richardson, Lawrence Chaderton, Francis Dillingham, Roger Andrews, Thomas Harrison, Robert Spaulding, Andrew Bing First Oxford Company, translated Isaiah through Malachi John Harding, John Reynolds, Thomas Holland, Richard Kilby, Miles Smith, Richard Brett, Daniel Fairclough Second Oxford Company, translated the Gospels, Acts of the Apostles, and the Book of Revelations: Thomas Ravis, George Abbot, Richard Eedes, Giles Tomson, Henry Savile, John Peryn, Ralph Ravens, John Harmar Second Westminster Company, translated the Epistles: William Barlow, John Spencer, Roger Fenton, Ralph Hutchinson, William Dakins, Michael Rabbet, Thomas Sanderson Second Cambridge Company, translated the Apocrypha: John Duport, William Brainthwaite, Jeremiah Radcliffe, Samuel Ward, Andrew Downes, John Bois, John Ward, John Aglionby, Leonard Hutten, Thomas Bilson, Richard Bancroft Literary qualities The King James Version has traditionally been appreciated for the.
Vetus Latina - the Biblical texts in the Latin language that were translated before St Jerome's Vulgate bible became the standard Bible for Latin-speaking Western Christians. The phrase Vetus Latina is Latin for Old Latin, and the Vetus Latina is sometimes known as the Old Latin Bible. There was no single "Vetus Latina" Bible; there are, instead, a collection of Biblical manuscript texts that bear witness to Latin translations of Biblical passages that preceded Jerome's. To these witnesses of previous translations, many scholars frequently add translations of Biblical passages that appear in the works of the Latin Fathers. As such, many the Vetus Latina "versions" were generally not promulgated in their own right as translations of the Bible to be used in the whole Church; rather, many of the texts that form parts of.
Jerome - as the translator of the Bible from Greek and Hebrew into Latin. Jerome's edition, the Vulgate, is still the official biblical text of the Roman Catholic Church. He is recognized by the Vatican as a Doctor of the Church. He was born at Stridon, on the border between Pannonia and Dalmatia, in the second quarter of the fourth century, and died near Bethlehem Sept. 30, 420. Jerome is a name shared across the European languages in remarkably unintuitive forms: Hieronymus (Latin) = Jerome (English, and with diacritical marks, French) = Girolamo (Italian) = Geronimo (Spanish) Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Life 2 Writings 2.1 Translations 2.2 Historical Writings 2.3 Letters 2.4 Theological Writings 3 Theological Position Life Jerome was born to Christian parents, but was not baptized until about 360, when.
John Wyclif - his former protector, John of Gaunt, rallied to him. Before any further steps could be taken at Rome, Gregory XI died (1378). But Wyclif was already engaged in one of his most important works, that dealing with the truth of Holy Scripture. The sharper the strife became, the more Wyclif had recourse to Scripture as the basis of all Christian doctrinal opinion, and expressly proved this to be the only norm for Christian faith. In order to refute his opponents, he wrote the book in which he showed that Holy Scripture contains all truth and, being from God, is the only authority. He referred to the conditions under which the condemnation of his 18 theses was brought about; and the same may be said of his books dealing with the Church,.
Via Maris - route through the Jezreel Valley, the Sea of Galilee and Dan. The Via Maris was crossed by other trading routes, so that one could travel from Africa to Europe or from Asia to Africa. "Via Maris" is Latin and means the Way of the Sea. The name is based on a passage from the Vulgate, the New Testament in Latin translation. From the Gospel according to Matthew ("Secundum Mattheum"), chapter 4 verse 15: terra Zabulon et terra Nephthalim via maris trans Iordanen Galilaeae gentium (the land of Zabulon, and the land of Nephthalim, by the way of the sea, beyond Jordan, Galilee of the Gentiles) There is also a reference to the Via Maris in Isaiah 9 verse 1..
Johann Reuchlin - the real centre of all Greek and Hebrew teaching in Germany. To carry out this work he providef a series of aids for beginners and others. He never published a Greek grammar, but he had one in manuscript for use with his pupils, and also published several little elementary Greek books. Reuchlin, it may be noted, pronounced Greek as his native teachers had taught him to do, i.e. in the modern Greek fashion. This pronunciation, which he defends in Dialogus de Recta Lat. Graecique Serm. Pron. (1519), came to be known, in contrast to that used by Erasmus, as the Reuchlinian. At Heidelberg Reuchlin had many private pupils, among whom Franz von Sickingen is the best known name. With the monks he had never been liked; at Stuttgart also his great.
Vulgar - Romance languages. One of the earliest pieces of great European literature written in vulgar was Geoffry Chaucer's Canterbury Tales. The major step in the liberation of acdemia from Latin was the Protestant Reformation which advocated giving Mass (liturgy) and reading from the Bible in vulgar languages. Following in the footsteps of the Reformation, some proponents of the Scientific Revolution began to establish the precedent for writing in vulgar. See also: Vulgar Latin Vulgate.
History of the English Bible - translated by His disciples into the Greek, in which the New Testament was originally written. Early Christian translations By the time the writing of the New Testament was completed, say one hundred years after Christ, while Greek was still current speech, the Roman Empire was so dominant that the common people were talking Latin almost as much as Greek, and gradually, because political power was behind it, the Latin gained on the Greek, and became virtually the speech of the common people. The movement to make the Bible talk the language of the time appeared again. It is impossible to say now when the first translations into Latin were made. Certainly there were some within two centuries after Christ, and by 250 C.E. a whole Bible in Latin was in circulation.
Gloss - entire interlinear translations of the original text. Glosses are of some importance in philology, especially if one language --- usually, the language of the author of the gloss --- has left few monuments of its own. The Reichenau glosses, for example, gloss the Latin Vulgate Bible in an early form of one of the Romance languages, and as such give insight into late Vulgar Latin at a time when that language was not often written down. A series of glosses in the Old English language to Latin Bibles give us a running translation of Biblical texts in that language; see Old English Bible translations. Glosses frequently shed valuable light on the vocabulary of otherwise little attested languages; they are less reliable for syntax, because many times the glosses follow the word.
Great Bible - Great Bible was published by Myles Coverdale in 1537. It contains a very slight revision of the New Testament and Old Testament passages that had been translated by William Tyndale, with the remaining books of the Old Testament translated by Coverdale, who used mostly the Latin Vulgate and Martin Luther's German translation as sources rather than working from the original Greek and Hebrew texts. The psalms in the Book of Common Prayer are taken from the Great Bible rather than the King James Bible. The Great Bible was superseded as the authorised version of the Anglican Church in 1568 by the Bishops' Bible..
Guinevere - her in the care of his nephew Mordred while he crossed over to Europe to go to war with the (fictitious) Procurator of Rome Lucius Hiberius. While he was absent, Mordred seduced Guinevere, declared himself king and took her as his own queen; this forced Arthur to return to Britain, and fought Mordred at the Battle of Camlann. Chretien de Troyes tells yet another version of Guinevere's abduction, this time by Meleagant (whose name can be shown to be derived from Melwas). But instead of Arthur being Guinevere's rescuer, Chretien introduces Lancelot to the story, who sets off with his cousin Gawain to rescue her in Chretien's epic poem of the same name. It is this version that becomes favored in later accounts, as for example the version scholars have called.
Epistle to the Laodiceans - The Epistle to the Laodiceans is a short work found in some editions of the Vulgate, known only in Latin, purporting to be the epistle of Paul to the Laodiceans mentioned in the Epistle to the Colossians. It is almost unanimously believed to be a forgery, being a mere pastiche of phrases taken from the genuine Pauline epistles. Adolf von Harnack suggested that it was written by either Marcion or one of his followers, but despite scholarly examination his suggestion cannot be substantiated or denied. In any case, this work contains almost no doctrine, teachings or narrative, and its exclusion from the canon has little effect..
Douai Bible - The Douai Bible, also known as the Rheims-Douai Bible was a Roman Catholic translation of the Holy Bible from the Latin Vulgate into English. The English exiles for religious causes were not all of one kind or of one faith. There were Roman Catholic refugees on the Continent as well as Puritan, and from the one, as from the other, there proceeded an English version of the Bible. The center of the English Roman Catholics was the English College at Douai, the foundation (in 1568) of William Allen, formerly of Queen's College, Oxford, and subsequently cardinal; and it was from this college that a new version of the Bible emanated which was intended to serve as a counterblast to the Protestant versions, with which England was now flooded. The first instalment.
Dies Irae - confounded the accursed ones, and cast them into harsh flames, call me among the blessed ones.' Oro supplex et acclinis, cor contritum quasi cinis: gere curam mei finis. 'I pray humbly on my knees, my contrite heart like ashes, take care of me at the end.' The poem appears complete as it stands at this point. Some scholars question whether the remainder is an addition made in order to suit the great poem for liturgical use, for the last stanzas discard the consistent scheme of triple rhymes in favor of rhymed couplets, while the last two lines abandom rhyme for assonance and are, moreover, catalectic: Lacrimosa dies illa, qua resurget ex favilla judicandus homo reus. Huic ergo parce, Deus: pie Jesu Domine, dona eis requiem. Amen. 'That day will be full.
Devil - in the New Testament, in Matthew 10:25 and 12:24, Mark 3:22, and openly in Luke 11:18-19 Satan is compared with Beelzebub, originally a Semitic deity called Baal-zebul, one of the Baals. Since that moment Beelzebub became another name for Satan. In John 12:31 and 14:30 Satan is called Prince of this World, and this became a nickname for him. The Devil, diabolos: This name is ascribed to Satan 33 times at least in the New Testament, and indicates an accuser or slanderer (Rev. 12:9). He slanders God to man (Gen. 3:1-7), and man to God (Job 1:9; 2-4). Matt. 13:39--"The enemy . . . . is the devil." John 8:44--"Ye are of your father the devil." The wicked one: Matt. 13:19--"Then cometh the wicked one." Matt. 6:13; 1 John 5:19. This.
Deuteronomy - 3.2 Modern critical analysis Origin of name The English name, "Deuteronomy", comes from the name which the book bears in the Septuagint (Δευτερουόμιου) and in the Vulgate (Deuteronomium). This is based upon the erroneous Septuagint rendering of "mishnah ha-torah ha-zot" (xvii. 18), which grammatically can mean only "a repetition [that is, a copy] of this law," but which is rendered by the Septuagint τὸ Δευτερουόμιου τοῦτο, as though the expression meant "this repetition of the law." While, however, the name is thus a mistranslation, it is not inappropriate; for the book does include, by the side of much new matter, a repetition or reformulation of a large part of the laws found in the non-priestly sections of Exodus. Summary of the book Deuteronomy consists chiefly of three discourses delivered by Moses.
David Lyndsay - gives hints of the highest competence. Yet the corporate effect of these pieces is to secure for him the allowance of more than mere intellectual vigour and common sense. There is in his craftsmanship, in his readiness to apply the traditional methods to contemporary requirements, something of that accomplishment which makes even the second-rate man of letters interesting. Lyndsay, the last of the Makars, is not behind his fellow-poets in acknowledgment to Chaucer. As piously as they, he reproduces the master's forms; but in him the sentiment and outlook have suffered change. His nearest approach to Chaucer is in The Testament of Squyer Meidrum, which recalls the sketch of the "young squire"; but the reminiscence is verbal rather than spiritual. Elsewhere his memory serves him less happily, as when he describes.
15th century in literature - showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Events 2 New Books 3 Births 4 Deaths Events 1456 - Johann Gutenberg prints the Vulgate Bible New Books 1420 - The Siege of Thebes - John Lydgate 1473 - The Governaunce of England - Sir John Fortescue 1485 - Le Morte Darthur - Sir Thomas Malory 1499 - De Modus Significandi - John Duns Scotus Births Deaths 1451 - John Lydgate 1471 - Sir Thomas Malory.
Tatian - connected with his contempt of everything Greek. No educated Christian has more consistently separated from paganism; but by overshooting the mark, his scolding and blustering philippic lost its effectiveness because it lacks justice. However as early as Eusebius, Tatian was praised for his discussions of the antiquity of Moses and of Jewish legislation, and it was because of this chronological section that his Oratio was not generally condemned. His other major work was the Diatessaron, a "harmony" or synthesis of the four New Testament Gospels into a combined narrative of the life of Jesus Christ. Ephraim the Syrian referred to it as the Evangelion da Mehallete ("The Gospel of the Mixed"), and it was practically the only gospel text used in Syria during the third and fourth centuries. In the fifth.
