Armenian Orthodox Church - Armenian Orthodox Church The Armenian Orthodox Church, also called the Armenian Apostolic Church, is one of the original Oriental Orthodox churches, having separated from the then-still-united Catholic/Orthodox church in 506, after the Council of Chalcedon. The Armenian church has been labeled monophysite because they rejected the decisions of this council, which condemned monophysitism. The Coptic Orthodox Church also separated after the Coucil of Chalcedon. The head of the Armenian Orthodox Church is the Catholicos of Armenia (the plural is Catholicoi). The Armenian Apostolic Church should not be confused, however, with the Armenian Catholic Church, which is an Eastern Rite church under the authority of the Pope in Rome. Armenia was the first country to adopt Christianity as its official religion, in AD 301, when Saint Gregory.
Comparing and contrasting Judaism and Christianity - and God does not in any way preclude other nations having their own relationship with God. For Jews, being "chosen" fundamentally means that Jews have chosen to obey a certain set of laws (see Torah and halakha) as an expression of their covenant with God. Jews hold that other nations and peoples are not required or expected to obey these laws, and face no penalty for not obeying them. Thus, as a national religion, Judaism has no problem with the notion that others have their own paths to God (or "salvation"). Christianity, on the other hand, is characterized by its claim to universality, which marks a break with Jewish identity. As a religion claiming universality, Christianity has had to define itself in relation with religions that make radically different claims about.
Henry Martyn - done in India by a single missionary, William Carey, and some time afterwards he read the life of David Brainerd, the apostle of the Native Americans. He resolved, accordingly, to become a Christian missionary. On October 22, 1803, he was ordained deacon at Ely, and afterwards priest, and served as Simeon's curate at the church of Holy Trinity, taking charge of the neighbouring parish of Lolworth. He was about to offer his services to the Church Missionary Society, when a disaster in Cornwall deprived him and his unmarried sister of the provision their father had made for them, and rendered it necessary that he should obtain a salary that would support her as well as himself. He accordingly obtained a chaplaincy under the British East India Company and left for India.
History of Armenia - the Caucasus and eastern Asia Minor until 600 BC. After the destruction of the Seleucid Empire, the first Armenian state was founded in 190 BC. At its zenith, from 95 to 65 BC, Armenia extended its rule over parts of Caucasus and the area that is now eastern Turkey, Syria and Lebanon. For a time, Armenia was one of the strongest states in the Roman East. It became part of the Roman Empire in 64 BC and the Armenian People adopted a Western political, philosophical, and religious orientation. In 301 AD, Armenia became the first nation to adopt Christianity as a state religion, establishing a church that still exists independently of both the Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox churches, having become so in AD 451 as a result of its excommunication.
Eusebius of Caesarea - [the friend of] Pamphilus") was a bishop of Caesarea in Palestine and is often referred to as the father of church history because of his work in recording the history of the early Christian church. He is also supposed to have found in the records of Edessa the letters purporting to be written back and forth by its king Abgar and Jesus Christ. His exact date and place of birth are unknown, and little is known of his youth. He became acquainted with the presbyter Dorotheus in Antioch and probably received exegetical instruction from him. In 296 he was in Palestine and saw Constantine who visited the country with Diocletian. He was in Caesarea when Agapius was bishop and became friendly with Pamphilus, with whom he seems to have studied the.
Apostolic Succession - Apostolic Succession In Christianity, the doctrine of apostolic succession maintains that the Christian Church is the spiritual successor of the Apostles. Different Christian denominations interpret this doctrine in different ways. The Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Nestorian and Anglican Churches hold that apostolic succession is maintained through the ordination of bishops in unbroken personal succession back to the apostles but do not necessarily interpret this "succession" identically. In Roman Catholic and Orthodox theology, the unbrokenness of apostolic succession is significant because of Jesus Christ's promise that the gates of hell would not prevail against the Church, and his promise that he himself would be with the apostles to the end of the age. In this interpretation, a complete disruption or end of apostolic succession would.
Apostolic Faith Mission - Apostolic Faith Mission In April of 1906, a small group of interdenominational people arranged for prayer meetings in a home located on Bonnie Brae Street in Los Angeles. Their purpose was to seek for the infilling of the Holy Spirit, having heard of this Pentecostal experience being received by believers in the midwest. When a number received this experience, the word spread, and shortly the meetings were transferred to larger quarters in an old Methodist church on Azusa Street. Among those attending the meetings on Azusa Street was Florence L. Crawford, a Methodist laywoman. There she received the experience of sanctification and the power of the Holy Spirit. At her baptism in the Holy Spirit, she related that God “permitted me to speak in the Chinese.
Catholicos of Armenia - of Armenia The Catholicos of Armenia is the head bishop of the Armenian Apostolic Church (the plural is "Catholicoi"). That church is one of the Oriental Orthodox churches that separated from the Christian church in AD 451 as a result of the decisions of the Council of Chalcedon. He is also sometimes called the Catholicos of Etchmiadzin after the city that is his see..
Church of the Holy Sepulchre - Church of the Holy Sepulchre The Church of the Holy Sepulchre is a Christian church within the walled Old City of Jerusalem. The ground the church rests on is venerated by several Christian sects as the Hill of Calvary, where the New Testament says that Jesus was crucified. The church is an important pilgrimage destination. The initial building was founded by Constantine I of the Roman Empire in 335, after he had removed a Roman temple on the site that was possibly the Temple of Aphrodite built by Hadrian. Constantine had sent his mother Helena to find the site; during excavations she is said to have discovered the True Cross. The church was built around the excavated hill of the Crucifixion, and was actually three connected.
Politics of Armenia - 83% of the vote to Levon Ter-Petrossian. Ter-Petrossian had been elected head of government in 1990, when the Armenian National Movement defeated the Communist Party. Ter-Petrossian was re-elected in 1996. Following public demonstrations against Ter-Petrossian's policies on Nagorno-Karabakh, the President resigned in January 1998 and was replaced by Prime Minister Robert Kocharian, who was elected President in March 1998. Following the assassination in Parliament of Prime Minister Vazgen Sargsian and parliament Speaker Karen Demirchian and six other officials, on October 27, 1999, a period of political instability ensued during which an opposition headed by elements of the former Armenian National Movement government attempted unsuccessfully to force Kocharian to resign. Kocharian was successful in riding out the unrest. The next presidential elections are slated for 2003. The current prime minister is Andranik.
Jerome - Greek and Hebrew into Latin. Jerome's edition, the Vulgate, is still the official biblical text of the Roman Catholic Church. He is recognized by the Vatican as a Doctor of the Church. He was born at Stridon, on the border between Pannonia and Dalmatia, in the second quarter of the fourth century, and died near Bethlehem Sept. 30, 420. Jerome is a name shared across the European languages in remarkably unintuitive forms: Hieronymus (Latin) = Jerome (English, and with diacritical marks, French) = Girolamo (Italian) = Geronimo (Spanish) Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Life 2 Writings 2.1 Translations 2.2 Historical Writings 2.3 Letters 2.4 Theological Writings 3 Theological Position Life Jerome was born to Christian parents, but was not baptized until about 360, when he had gone to Rome with his.
Great Apostasy - 2.1 Temptations of power 2.2 The dangers of theology 2.3 Compromise with natural religion 2.4 Descent into true apostasy 2.5 The end result 2.6 "Roman Apostasy" less commonly, or differently, taught today 3 Anglicans and Episcopalians 4 Anabaptists 4.7 Christians in Military Service and Political Office 5 Adventists 6 Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 7 Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy 7.8 Catholic view of history 7.9 Worldly ambitions 7.10 Theological dangers 7.11 Natural or Popular Religion 8 References Non-Catholic view of history All non-Catholic and non-Orthodox Christian denominations have formally taught that at some point in history, the original teachings and practices of the primitive or original Christian church were greatly altered. All of these denominations see their teachings as significant corrections of the errors of the Catholic and.
Epistle to the Philippians - 61. The Philippians had sent Epaphroditus, their messenger, with contributions to meet the necessities of the apostle; and on his return Paul sent back with him this letter. With this precious communication Epaphroditus sets out on his homeward journey. "The joy caused by his return, and the effect of this wonderful letter when first read in the church of Philippi, are hidden from us. And we may almost say that with this letter the church itself passes from our view. To-day, in silent meadows, quiet cattle browse among the ruins which mark the site of what was once the flourishing Roman colony of Philippi, the home of the most attractive church of the apostolic age. But the name and fame and spiritual influence of that church will never pass. To myriads.
Religion and religious freedom in Georgia - officials. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Religious Demography 2 Status of Freedom of Religion 2.1 Legal/Policy Framework 2.2 Restrictions on Religious Freedom 2.3 Abuses of Religious Freedom 2.4 Forced Religious Conversion 3 Societal Attitudes 4 U.S. Government Policy Religious Demography The country has a total area of approximately 25,900 square miles, and its population is 5 million. Most ethnic Georgians (approximately 70 percent of the population of 5 million, according to the 1989 census) nominally associate themselves with the Georgian Orthodox Church. Orthodox churches serving other non-Georgian ethnic groups, such as Russians and Greeks, are subordinate to the Georgian Orthodox Church. Non-Georgian Orthodox Churches generally use the language of their communicants. In addition, there are a small number of mostly ethnic Russian believers from two dissident Orthodox schools: the Malakani Storoveriy.
Russian Imperial Expansion and Maturation - Catherine II - on serfdom and the autocracy. Catherine, already frightened by the French Revolution, had Radishchev arrested and banished to Siberia. Radishchev was later recognized as the father of Russian radicalism. Catherine brought many of the policies of Peter the Great to fruition and set the foundation for the 19th century empire. Russia became a power capable of competing with its European neighbors on military, political, and diplomatic grounds. Russia's elite became culturally more like the elites of Central and West European countries. The organization of society and the government system, from Peter the Great's central institutions to Catherine's provincial administration, remained basically unchanged until the emancipation of the serfs in 1861 and, in some respects, until the fall of the monarchy in 1917. Catherine's push to the south, including the establishment of.
Irenaeus - which is now Lyons, France. He is recognized as a saint by both the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Catholic Church, and his writings were formative in the early development of Christian theology. His feast day is June 28. The Catholic Church considers him a Father of the Church. He was a disciple of Polycarp, who himself was a disciple of John the Evangelist. Biography Irenaeus is thought to have been a Greek from Polycarp's hometown of Smyrna in Asia Minor, now Izmir, Turkey. He was brought up in a Christian family, rather than converting as an adult, and this may help explain his strong sense of orthodoxy. Irenaeus was one of the first Christian writers to use the principle of apostolic succession to refute his opponents. Irenaeus is remembered as.
First Epistle to the Corinthians - and of Christian ethics in reply to certain communications they had made to him. He especially rectifies certain flagrant abuses regarding the celebration of the Lord's supper (7-14). 4. The concluding part (15, 16) contains an elaborate defense of the doctrine of the resurrection of the dead, which had been called in question by some among them, followed by some general instructions, intimations, and greetings. This epistle "shows the powerful self-control of the apostle in spite of his physical weakness, his distressed circumstances, his incessant troubles, and his emotional nature. It was written, he tells us, in bitter anguish, 'out of much affliction and pressure of heart...and with streaming eyes' (2 Corinthians 2:4); yet he restrained the expression of his feelings, and wrote with a dignity and holy calm which he.
Demographics of Moldova - for 6.8 percent of the population. This figure rose to 10 percent in 1991 before dropping sharply to 2 percent in 1992. Ethnic Romanians made up a sizable proportion of the urban population in 1989 (about half the population of Chisinau, for example), as well as a large proportion of the rural population (80 percent), but only 23 percent of the ethnic Romanians lived in the republic's ten largest cities. Many had emigrated to Romania at the end of World War II, and others had lost their lives during the war and in postwar Soviet purges. As a consequence of industrial growth and the Soviet government's policy of diluting and Russifying ethnic Romanians, there was significant immigration to the Moldavian SSR by other nationalities, especially ethnic Russians and Ukrainians. Unlike ethnic.
Temple of Set - Hand Path. The Temple of Set was founded in 1975 by Michael Aquino and a few other members of the Church of Satan, who left that organization because of disagreements with its administration and philosophy. The Temple has grown in many directions since the schism, and is now very different from the organization it left (something of which the members of the Church of Satan will happily remind you). The Temple of Set is a philosophical organization. Its activities revolve around the philosophies represented by the ancient Egyptian principle of Xeper (roughly translated as "self-improvement" or "self-creation", with alternate spellings of Khepher. Kefer, and other variations), and the ideals represented by their modern understanding of Set, once called a god by the ancient Egyptians. The Temple of Set is an initiatory.
Teresa of Avila - self-inflicted tortures and mortificationss, far in excess of her ordinary asceticism, until Francisco Borgia, to whom she had made confession, reassured her. On St. Peter's Day of 1559 she became firmly convinced that Christ was present to her in bodily form, though invisible. This vision lasted almost uninterruptedly for more than two years. In another vision, a seraphim drove the fiery point of a golden lance repeatedly through her heart, causing an unexampled, as it were, spiritual-bodily pain. The memory of this episode served as an inspiration in determining her long struggle of love and suffering, from which emanated her life-long passion for conformation to the life and endurance of the Savior, to be epitomized in the cry usually inscribed as a motto upon her images: "Lord, either let me suffer.
