List of Japan-related topics - P Q R S T U V W X Y Z # .hack, .hack//SIGN, 0 Series Shinkansen, 100 Series Shinkansen, 100-yen shop, 1964 Summer Olympics, 1998 Winter Olympics, 200 Series Shinkansen, 23 special wards, 2ch, 300 Series Shinkansen, 400 Series Shinkansen, 47 Ronin, 500 Series Shinkansen, 55-year system, 64DD, 700 Series Shinkansen, 800 Series Shinkansen A A City With No People, A.I. Love You, Abashiri, Abashiri subprefecture, ABCL/1, ABCL/R, ABCL/R2, Abe clan of Mikawa, Abe Iso, Abe Masakatsu, Abe no Hirafu, Abe no Seimei, Abe Nobuyuki, Abeno Plain, Abe River, Abe Shintaro, Abenobashi Magical Shopping District, Abh, Abiko, Abolition of the Han system, Abukuma River, Acura, AD Police, Adachi, Adachi clan, Adachi Kagemori, Adachi Morinaga, Adam Johann von Krusenstern, Adorunta, After Life, Agatsuma Hiromitsu, Age, Agedashi tofu, Ageo, Ai Yazawa, Aibo,.
Asian financial crisis - Asian financial crisis The Asian financial crisis was a financial crisis that started in July 1997 in Thailand, and affected currencies, stock markets, and other asset prices of several Asian countries, many part of the East Asian Tigers. Indonesia, South Korea and Thailand were the countries most affected by the crisis with Malaysia, Philippines and Hong Kong also hit by the slump. Mainland China and Taiwan were relatively unaffected. Japan was not affected much by this crisis but was going through its own ongoing long-term economic difficulties. History Until 1996, Asia attracted almost half of total capital inflows to developing countries. However, Thailand, Indonesia and South Korea had large external deficits and the maintenance of pegged exchange rate encouraged external borrowing and led to excessive exposure.
November 2003 - September - October - November - December A timeline of events in the news for November, 2003. See Also: Iraq Timeline Liberian Crisis North Korean Crisis Hutton Inquiry Bloody Sunday Inquiry Road Map to Peace Israeli-Palestinian Conflict 2004 Canadian Federal Election 2004 U.S. Presidential Election 2004 ROC Presidential Election Same-sex Marriage SCO v. IBM War on Terrorism Afghanistan timeline November 2003 November 30, 2003 Syria hands over 22 suspects to Turkey on Sunday in connection with four deadly suicide bombings in Istanbul, the semi-official Anatolia news agency reported. [1] According to the Information Center for Human Rights and Democracy, the People's Republic of China has freed three people detained on charges of posting information critical of the government on the Internet. [1] The Observer newspaper reports that a deal is imminent.
History of Indonesia - Links: Prehistory Geologically the area of modern Indonesia appeared sometime around Pleistocene period when it was still linked with the present Asian mainland. Areas' first known humanlike inhabitant was a Java man some 500.000 years ago. Current Indonesian archipelago was formed during the thaw of the latest Ice Age. Indian scholars wrote about Dvipantara or Jawa Dwipa Hindu kingdom in Java and Sumatra around 200 BC. Taruma kingdom occupied West Jawa around 400. 425 Buddhism reached the area. Historical times By the time of the Renaissance, the islands of Java and Sumatra had already enjoyed a 1,000-year heritage of civilization spanning two major empires. During the 7th-14th centuries, the Buddhist kingdom of Srivijaya flourished on Sumatra. Chinese traveller I Ching visited Palembang, capital of Srivijaya, Palembang, around 670. At its peak,.
History of the PRC (1976-present) - Split era that the Soviet Union was a superpower equally as "hegemonist" as the United States, but even more threatening to the PRC because of its closer proximity. "Socialism with Chinese Characteristics" The new, pragmatic leadership emphasized economic development and renounced mass political movements. At the pivotal December 1978 Third Plenum (of the 11th Party Congress Central Committee), the leadership adopted economic reform policies known as the Four Modernizations aimed at expanding rural income and incentives, encouraging experiments in enterprise autonomy, reducing central planning, and establishing direct foreign investment in mainland China. The plenum also decided to accelerate the pace of legal reform, culminating in the passage of several new legal codes by the National People's Congress in June 1979. The goals of Deng's reforms were summed up by the Four.
Economy of Brazil - on a successful economic stabilization program, the Real Plan (named for the new currency, the real; plural: reais) in July 1994. Inflation, which had reached an annual level of nearly 5,000% at the end of 1993, fell sharply, reaching a low of 2.5% in 1998; it was 6% in 2000. Brazil successfully shifted from an essentially, fixed exchange rate regime to a floating regime in January 1999. The Cardoso administration has introduced to Congress a series of constitutional reform proposals to replace a state-dominated economy with a market-oriented one and to restructure all levels of government on a sound fiscal sound basis. Congress has approved several amendments to open the economy to greater private sector participation, including foreign investors. By the end of last year, Brazil's privatization program, which included the.
Economy of Brunei - Economy of Brunei The Asian financial crisis in 1997 and 1998, coupled with fluctuations in the price of oil have created uncertainty and instability in Brunei's economy. In addition, the 1998 collapse of the AMEDEO Corporation, Brunei's largest construction firm whose projects helped fuel the domestic economy, caused the country to slip into a mild recession. Brunei is the third-largest oil producer in Southeast Asia, averaging about 180,000 barrels a day. It also is the fourth-largest producer of liquefied natural gas in the world. Brunei's gross domestic product (GDP) soared with the petroleum price increases of the 1970s to a peak of $5.7 billion in 1980. It declined slightly in each of the next 5 years, then fell by almost 30% in 1986. This drop was caused by.
Economy of Greece - which fueled inflation and caused balance-of-payment difficulties. Growing public sector deficits were financed by borrowing. In October 1985, supported by a 1.7 billion European Currency Unit (ECU) loan from the European Union (EU), the government implemented a two-year "stabilization" program with limited success. Public sector inefficiency and excessive spending caused government borrowing to increase; by the end of 1992, general government debt exceeded 100% of GDP. Greece continued to rely on foreign borrowing to finance its deficits. Public sector external debt was $32 billion at the end of 1998. The general government debt was $119 billion at the end of 1998, or 105.5% of GDP. Greece's external debt was $32 billion at the end of 1998. Greece, as a member of the European Union, is currently striving to reduce its budget.
Economy of Hong Kong - Chinese rule, have often intervened quite actively in the economy, for example by determining the amount of land to be sold and in quite actively maintain the peg to the U.S. dollar. After a slump caused by the regionwide Asian financial crisis that began in 1997, Hong Kong's economy has been temporarily on the rebound. Real GDP growth was 3.1% in 1999 and reached double digits in the first half of 2000. After peaking at 6.3% in 1999, the unemployment rate eased back to 4.8% in mid-2000. In August 1998, the government intervened in the stock, futures, and currency markets to fend off "manipulators." The banking sector remains solid, and the government is committed to the U.S.-Hong Kong dollar link. The economy of Hong Kong has suffered from the SARS outbreak.
Economy of New Zealand - have been freely floated; controls on interest rates, wages, and prices have been removed; and marginal rates of taxation reduced. Tight monetary policy and major efforts to reduce the government budget deficit brought the inflation rate down from an annual rate of more than 18% in 1987. The restructuring and sale of government-owned enterprises in the 1990s reduced government's role in the economy and permitted the retirement of some public debt. Economic growth, which had slowed in 1997 and 1998 due to the negative effects of the Asian financial crisis and two successive years of drought, rebounded in 1999. A low New Zealand dollar, favorable weather, and high commodity prices have boosted exports, and the economy is estimated to have grown by 2.5% in 2000. Growth is likely to slow in.
Economy of Singapore - heavily in education and technology. It also owns government-linked companies (GLCs) - particularly in manufacturing - that operate as commercial entities and account for 60% of GDP. As Singapore looks to a future increasingly marked by globalization, the country is positioning itself as the region's financial and high-tech hub. Economy - in greater depth: Singapore's strategic location on major sea lanes and industrious population have given the country an economic importance in Southeast Asia disproportionate to its small size. Upon independence in 1965, Singapore was faced with a lack of physical resources and a small domestic market. In response, the Singapore Government adopted a pro-business, pro-foreign investment, export-oriented economic policy framework, combined with state-directed investments in strategic government-owned corporations. Singapore's economic strategy proved a success, producing real growth that averaged 8.0%.
South Korea - 慶尚南道) Incheon Gwangyeoksi (인천 광역시; 仁川廣域市) Jeju-do (제주도; 濟州道) North Jeolla (Jeollabuk-do; 전라 북도; 全羅北道) South Jeolla (Jeollanam-do; 전라 남도; 全羅南道) Seoul Teukbyeolsi (서울 특별시; 漢城特別市) Ulsan Gwangyeoksi (울산 광역시; 蔚山廣域市) Geography Main article: Geography of South Korea; Regions of Korea Korea forms a peninsula that extends some 1,100 km from the Asian mainland, flanked by the Yellow Sea to the west and the East Sea/Sea of Japan (see Notice on Talk page) to the east, and terminated by the Korea Strait and the East China Sea to the south. According to Koreans, Japan never returned back the name of Sea of Korea/Corea which had been used throughout 18th/19th century western maps after being defeated in World War II. The southern landscape consists of partially forested mountain ranges to the east,.
Republic of China - when it was expelled by General Assembly Resolution Resolution 2758 and replaced in all UN organs with the People's Republic of China government. Multiple attempts by the Republic of China to re-join the UN have not made it past committee. (See China and the United Nations) Besides the dispute with the PRC over the mainland, the ROC also has a controversial relationship with Mongolia. Until 1945, the ROC claimed jurisdiction over Mongolia, but under Soviet pressure, it recognized Mongolian independence. Shortly thereafter, it repudiated this recognition and continued to claim jurisdiction over Mongolia until recently. Since the late 1990s, relationship with Mongolia has become a controversial topic. The DPP is attempting to establish diplomatic relations with Mongolia, but this move is controversial because it is widely seen as a prelude for.
Renminbi - With the opening of the Chinese economy in 1978, a dual track currency system was instituted, with renminbi usable only domestically, and with foreigners forced to use foreign exchange certificates. The unrealistic levels at which exchange rates were pegged led to a strong black market in currency transactions. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the PRC worked to make the RMB more convertible. Through the use of swap centers, the exchange rate was brought to realistic levels and the dual track currency system was abolished. The RMB is convertable on current accounts, but not capital accounts. The ultimate goal has been to make the RMB fully convertible. However, partly in response to the Asian Financial Crisis of 1998, the PRC has been concerned that the Chinese financial system would not.
Philippines - by Andres Bonifacio and later led by Emilio Aguinaldo. The revolution nearly succeeded in ousting the Spanish by 1898. That year Spain and the United States fought the Spanish-American War, after which Spain sold the Philippine Islands to the United States. The Filipinos had by then declared independence and the subsequent assertion of American control led to the Philippine-American War that ended in 1913. Independence was finally granted in 1946, after the Japanese had occupied the islands during World War II. The following period was marred by post-war problems; civil unrest during the unpopular dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos, ousted in 1986; and later, an increasing problem of Muslim separatists in Mindanao. Politics Main article: Politics of the Philippines National Government. The government of the Philippines, loosely patterned after the American system,.
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania - after David Rittenhouse, a son of the first paper-maker in Philadelphia, William Rittenhouse. Rittenhousetown is a delightful rural setting in Fairmount Park. David Rittenhouse was a clockmaker and friend of the American Revolution. 8th and Market Streets, 1910s Government From a governmental perspective, Philadelphia County is a legal nullity, as all county functions were assumed by the city in 1952, which has been coterminous with the county since 1854. Historic seal of the city of Philadelphia, made by William Penn. Executive The city is headed by an elected mayor who is limited to two, four-year terms. The incumbent is former Philadelphia City Council President John Street (D), who was first elected in 1999. He was re-elected by a larger majority in 2003. Legislative The legislative branch of Philadephia is the Philadelphia.
North Korea - of all of Korea: a communist North, and a United States-controlled South led by anti-communist Syngman Rhee. In June 1950, the North Korean Peoples Army attacked, launching the Korean War. The United States-backed South and the Chinese-backed North eventually reached a stalemate. In 1953 they signed a ceasefire, splitting the peninsula along a demilitarised zone along the 38th parallel. North Korea was ruled from 1948 by Kim Il Sung until his death in 1994. After the death of Kim Il Sung, his son Kim Jong Il was named General Secretary of the Korean Workers' Party in October 1997. In 1998, the legislature reconfirmed him as Chairman of the National Defence Commission and declared that position as the "highest office of state." International relations generally improved, and there was a historic North-South.
May 2003 - for events relating to the war in Iraq Progress of the SARS outbreak for events on the virus Afghanistan timeline May 2003 "Road map" for peace Israeli-Palestinian conflict Columbia investigation North Korea crisis War on Terrorism SCO v. IBM Linux lawsuit May 31, 2003 Eric Robert Rudolph, a suspect in the Centennial Olympic Park bombing at the 1996 Summer Olympics and other bombings in the Atlanta, Georgia area, is arrested in the woods of North Carolina [1] United States President George W. Bush visits the location of the former death camp at Auschwitz. He is only the second president to do so, after Gerald Ford toured the camp in 1975. The final flight of an Air France Concorde takes place, landing at Charles de Gaulle Airport. British Airways plans to retire.
Mahathir bin Mohamad - ministerial posts in the 1970s, including deputy prime minister beginning in 1976. During his term in office, Mahathir forcefully guided Malaysia's development as a regional high-tech manufacturing, financial, and telecommunications hub through his economic policies mediated by corporate nationalism, which were flagged as the National Economic Policy, and remained in effect almost to the end of his terms of office. His greatest success has been to maintain peace between the various races in Malaysia, by creating a Malay middle class, independent of the traditionally dominant Chinese minority. During the racially turbulent 1960s and 1970s, Mahathir had been known as a Malay ultra (famously labelled as such by the Singapore Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew) or extremist, and was expelled by his party for the publication of The Malay Dilemma in 1970..
Kia Motors - in 1944, and its troubles in 1997 helped to push South Korea into the Asian financial crisis. It was acquired in 1998 by the Hyundai Motor Company..
