Great Apostasy - religious groups to allege a general fallen state of traditional Christianity, or especially of Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy: that it is not representative of the faith founded by Jesus Christ through his twelve Apostles. This view is not of course shared by the churches so accused. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Non-Catholic view of history 2 Lutherans and Calvinists 2.1 Temptations of power 2.2 The dangers of theology 2.3 Compromise with natural religion 2.4 Descent into true apostasy 2.5 The end result 2.6 "Roman Apostasy" less commonly, or differently, taught today 3 Anglicans and Episcopalians 4 Anabaptists 4.7 Christians in Military Service and Political Office 5 Adventists 6 Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 7 Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy 7.8 Catholic view of history 7.9 Worldly ambitions 7.10 Theological.
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - Saints" (LDS)—is a Christian denomination headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah. Some of its doctrines and practices are unique among Christian denominationss such as Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, and the thousands of Protestant denominations. Consequently, many Christians do not consider the LDS Church to be Christian. See Christianity and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Joseph Smith, Jr and five associates incorporated the Church on April 6, 1830, in Palmyra, New York. It has since grown to a worldwide membership of over 11 million [1] and is the fourth largest religious denomination in the United States [1]. The Church is the largest by far of several groups claiming to be the legitimate successor of the church founded by Smith. A near-comprehensive list of Wikipedia articles that mention the LDS Church.
Eastern Orthodoxy - Eastern Orthodoxy Eastern Orthodox Christianity (or "Eastern Orthodoxy") refers primarily to church traditions descending from the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Introduction 2 History 2.1 The Church within the Empire 2.2 Muslim Conquest and Iconoclasm 2.3 Conversion of the Slavs 2.4 Divisons from the West 2.4.1 Orthodoxy and the Reformation 3 Structure / Organization 3.5 Bishops, priests and deacons 3.6 Church Jurisdictions 3.6.2 Orthodoxy in North America 4 Theology 4.7 General flavor and phronema 4.8 Asceticism and Theosis 4.8.3 Mystery of Repentance 4.8.4 Mystery of the Eucharist 4.8.5 Fasting 4.8.6 Almsgiving 4.9 Eastern Orthodox churches 4.9.7 Autocephalous churches 4.9.8 Autonomous Churches 4.9.9 Churches with ambiguous status 4.9.10 Churches that have voluntarily "walled themselves off" 5 Related Articles 6 External Links Introduction.
Eastern Orthodox Church - Eastern Orthodox Church The Eastern Orthodox Church is a communion comprising the collective body of sixteen separate autocephalous hierarchical churches that recognize each other as "canonical" Orthodox Christian churches. The head of the communion is the Patriarch of Constantinople, who is also head of one of the sixteen churches. The sixteen organizations are in full communion with each other, so any priest of any of those churches may lawfully minister to any member of any of them, and no member of any is excluded from any form of worship in any of the others. Despite the fact that, like the Roman Catholic church, they are "closed communion" churches, i.e. with rare exceptions excluding non-members from receiving the Eucharist, nonetheless they admit each other's members to that.
Eastern Christianity - Eastern Christianity Eastern Christianity refers collectively to Eastern Orthodoxy and Oriental Orthodoxy, especially when speaking more about what they share in common than about the ways they differ. The term may also include Eastern-Rite Catholic churches, which are those branches of Roman Catholicism -- including only about 2% of Catholics -- that follow rules and customs similar to those of Eastern Orthodox churches; for example, their priests need not be celibate and their parish priests administer the sacrament of confirmation to newborn infants immediately after baptism via the rite of chrismation, and the infants are then allowed to receive communion. The Eastern Rite Catholics are subject to the eastern Catholic patriarchs, and thus indirectly subject to the Catholic Pope through the Catholic Patriarchs of the East..
Eastern Rite - Eastern Rite The Eastern Rites are the Christian churches of Eastern Europe and the Middle East that are in full communion with the Roman Catholic Church but do not follow the Latin Rite. They are also called Eastern Catholic or Uniate churches. Western (or "Latin-Rite") Catholic bishops are subject directly to the Pope, but each Eastern-rite Catholic bishop is subject indirectly to the pope via one of six Catholic "patriarchs of the east", who sit in Alexandria, Antioch, Antelias, Baghdad, Beirut, and Damascus. (There is a seventh patriarch of the east in Jerusalem, but his church follows the Latin Rite.) These churches accept Catholic dogma, but retain their own hierarchies and liturgies, and follow some laws and customs that differ from those of Western church. For.
Ukrainian Orthodox Church - Ukrainian Orthodox Church The Ukranian Orthodox Church (UOC) is that body of Christians from the Ukraine who are united under the Patriarch of Moscow, who in turn is in communion with the other patriarchs of the Eastern Orthodox Church. In this way Ukranianian Orthodox Church believers are in communion with all other Eastern Orthodox believers. Distinguishing between church bodies Not all Ukranian Orthodox Christians belong to the UOC. In 1921 a Sobor of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (UAOC) in Kyiv ordained Metropolitan Wasyl Lupkivskyj as head of the UAOC. Autocephaly is the self-governing status of a particular national church that is recognized by other Orthodox jurisdictions. In wake of the break up of the Russian Empire some national groups also sought autonomy (Autonomous Orthodox church bodies.
Ultra-Orthodox Judaism - Ultra-Orthodox Judaism Ultra-Orthodox Judaism, sometimes called Haredi Judaism (especially in Israel), is the most theologically conservative form of Judaism. The Hebrew term "haredi" means "one who trembles" [in awe of God]. Ultra-Orthodox Jews consider their belief system and religious practices to extend in an unbroken chain back to Moses and the giving of the Torah on Mount Sinai. As a result they consider other denominations to be unjustifiable deviations from authentic Judaism. Most secular historians claim, however, that the ultra-Orthodox are a relatively recent group, dating back to the Enlightenment and emancipation of Jews in Western and Central Europe. Practices and beliefs The most basic belief of the ultra-Orthodox community is that it is the latest link in a chain of Jewish continuity extending back to the.
Great Schism - of Christianity. Most commonly, it refers to the "great East-West schism," the split between the Eastern and Western churches in the eleventh century. In the second schism, the "schism of the west" in the fourteenth century, three (claimant) popes were elected at the same time. Schism between Western and Eastern Churches With movement of the emperor and political authority from Rome to Constantinople, a division was caused in the religious climate of the empire. Because of the custom of the emperor having more or less authority in both temporal and religious matters, this eventually caused a split between Bishops following the Pope in Rome and those following the emperor in Constantinople. The catalysts of the first schism included: the insertion of the filioque clause into the Nicene Creed the use of.
Greek Orthodox Church - Greek Orthodox Church The term Greek Orthodox Church can refer either to the Orthodox Church of Constantinople, headed by the Patriarch of Constantinople, who is also the "first among equals" of the Eastern Orthodox Communion, or to the Church of Greece, which has been autocephalous since 1833. Both churches are members of the Eastern Orthodox Communion and therefore in full communion with each other. Greek Orthodox churches in the Americas and Australia are subject to the Constantinopolitan hierarchy. (These should not be confused with the Orthodox Church in America, which is one of the 16 autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches, having been granted autocephaly in 1970 by the Patriarch of Moscow.) Other Orthodox churches that use Greek liturgy are sometimes called Greek Orthodox, including: Orthodox Church of Alexandria.
Full communion - Full communion Full communion is a mutual recognition between Christian churches or denominations that the partner churches hold "the essentials of the Christian faith". It includes mutual recognition of members, common celebration of the Lord's Supper/Holy Communion/Eucharist, mutual recognition of ordained ministers mutual recognition of sacraments a common commitment to mission. Full communion does not mean that the involved churches join into one denomination or forgo their distinctive traditions and theology. Examples of churches in full communion: The twenty four catholic churches of the Papacy The sixteen autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Churches (for example, the Russian Orthodox Church and the Greek Orthodox Church) The Coptic, Armenian, Jacobite, Indian Orthodox and Tewahedo churches (infelicitously called "Oriental Orthodox" churches) The Anglican Communion, the Old Catholic Church, and the Mar Thoma.
Assyrian Church of the East - the main body of the original Christian church after the Council of Ephesus in 431, when it refused to accept that Nestorianism—the belief that Christ was two persons, one human and one divine—was a heresy. The church is considered by some Westerners to be one of the Oriental Orthodox churches, but the majority of Oriental Orthodox Churches reject any form of Nestorianism outright. In the 15th century, the church decreed that the title of Patriarch could pass only to relatives of then-patriarch Mar Shimun IV. This upset many in the church's hierarchy, and in 1552 a rival Patriarch, Mar Yohanan Soulaqa VIII was elected. This rival Patriarch met with the Pope and entered into communion with the Roman Catholic Church. The Assyrian Church now had two rival leaders, a hereditary patriarch.
Cypriot Orthodox Church - Cypriot Orthodox Church The ancient Cypriot Orthodox Church is one of the sixteen independent ('autocephalous') Eastern Orthodox churches, which are in communion and in doctrinal agreement with one another but not all subject to one patriarch. The bishop of the capital, Salamis (Constantia), was constituted metropolitan by Emperor Zeno, with the title of archbishop. This independent position by ancient custom was recognized, against the claims of the Patriarch of Antioch, at the Council of Ephesus (431 CE), and by an edict of the Byzantine emperor Zeno. The church had sent a cogent argument on its own behalf to the Emperor, the alleged body of its reputed founder Barnabas, just then having been most opportunely discovered at Salamis. Its independence was confirmed by the Trullan Synod in Constantinople,.
Syrian Orthodox Church - Syrian Orthodox Church The Syrian Orthodox or Jacobite church is an autocephalous Christian church of Syria, Iraq, and India, recognizing the Syrian Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch as its spiritual head. It is regarded by Roman Catholics and Eastern Orthodox as heretical (because of the Monophysite beliefs), but is in communion with the Coptic Church and other Oriental Orthodox churches. There is also a schismatic Jacobite group called the Syrian Catholic Church that has entered into communion with the Roman Catholic Church and is one of the Eastern Rites. The church broke from the Orthodox Church of Antioch in the sixth century, after the Council of Chalcedon condemed its Monophysite teachings. It was established by Jacob Baradaeus, helped by Empress Theodora; however, Jacobite tradition traces their origin directly.
Russian Orthodox Church - Russian Orthodox Church The Russian Orthodox Church is that body of Christians who are united under the Patriarch of Moscow, who in turn is in communion with the other patriarchs of the Eastern Orthodox Church. In this way Russian Orthodox believers are in communion with all other Eastern Orthodox believers. History The Russian Orthodox Church dates to the year 988, when Prince Vladimir I officially adopted Eastern Orthodoxy as the state religion of the fledgling Russian state. Thus, in 1988, the Russian Orthodox Church celebrated its millennial anniversary. It therefore traces its apostolic succession through the Patriarch of Constantinople. The Church was originally a subsidiary of the Byzantine Orthodox Church, and the Byzantine patriarch appointed the metropolitan who governed the Russian Church. The Metropolitan moved from Kiev.
Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia - Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia The Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia (Russian Orthodox Church Abroad, ROCA, or ROCOR) is a jurisdiction of Eastern Orthodoxy formed in response against the bolshevik coup that formed the Soviet Union after the Russian Revolution. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 History 1.1 Formation and Early Years 1.2 The Church of the Refugees (1922-1991) 1.3 After the Soviet Fall 2 Ecclesiastic Status History Formation and Early Years In 1920, the Soviet government had revealed that it was quite hostile to the Russian Orthodox Church. Saint Tikhon, Patriarch of Moscow, issued an ukase (decree) that all Orthodox Christians currently under the authority and protection of his Patriarchate seek protection and guidance elsewhere. Among some Russian Bishops and other hierarchs, this was interpeted as an.
Western Orthodox Church - Western Orthodox Church For centuries, there have been autonomous Eastern-Rite Catholic churches, i.e., hierarchical churches in full communion with the Vatican, but which the Pope allows to follow customs and rules like those of the Eastern Orthodox Church, (e.g., they confirm newly baptized infants via chrismation, they have married priests, their churches have iconostases, etc.). Similarly, there are also Western Orthodox churches (or Western-Rite Orthodox churches) that are in full communion with the Eastern Orthodox Church, but whose practices resemble those of Anglicans (e.g., Episcopalians). However, they are neither an autocephalous nor fully autonomous, but report ultimately to the Patriarch of Antioch..
Oriental Orthodoxy - Oriental Orthodoxy refers to several particularly ancient Orthodox Christian traditions. The Oriental Orthodox churches separated from the then-still-unified vast communion that called itself the One Holy Catholic and Apostolic Church in the 5th century, centuries before the 11th-century Great Schism in which that larger church separated into the "Western Church" (Roman Catholicism) and the Eastern Orthodox Church. (The term is infelicitous because oriental as a common adjective means the same thing as eastern, and yet Oriental Orthodoxy is not the same thing as Eastern Orthodoxy.) The separation resulted in part from the Oriental Orthodox churches' refusal to accept the Christological dogmas promulgated by the Council of Chalcedon, which held that Jesus has two natures -- one divine and one human. The Oriental Orthodox churches are therefore often called Monophysite churches, although.
Orthodox Church in America - Orthodox Church in America The Orthodox Church in America (OCA) is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Church, led by Metropolitan Herman. Its territory includes Canada, the United States, and Mexico. It began with the missionary work of the Russian Orthodox Church in Alaska and the Aleutian Islands in the late 18th century (see Herman of Alaska). In 1917, the Bolshevik Revolution brought communication between the churches in North America and Russia to an almost complete halt. In the early 1920s, Patriarch Tikhon of Moscow directed all Russian Orthodox churches outside of Russia to govern themselves autonomously until regular communication and travel could be resumed. At that time, parishes which had been part of a single North American Diocese organized separate dioceses and placed themselves under various other.
Arthur Penrhyn Stanley - been meant to include, opposite and contradictory opinions on points even more important than those at present under discussion." It was not only in theoretical but in academic matters that his sympathies were on the liberal side. He was greatly interested in university reform and acted as secretary to the royal commission appointed in 1850. Of the important changes in administration and education which were ultimately carried out, Stanley, who took the principal share in drafting the report printed in 1852, was a strenuous advocate. These changes included the transference of the initiative in university legislation from the sole authority of the heads of houses to an elected and representative body, the opening of college fellowships and scholarships to competition by the removal of local and other restrictions, the non-enforcement at.
