Generic programming

In computer science, generics are a technique that allows one value to take different datatype (so-called polymorphism) as long as certain contracts (so-called subtype) are kept. The programming style with it is called "generic programming".

Among OOP languages, C++, Beta, Eiffel, Ada, and later versions of Java provides generic facility. In C++, templates support generics and popularized the notion of generics.

For example, in C++ code,


template 

T max (T x, T y)

{

 if (x < y)

   return y;

 else

   return x;

}

In this case, a pseudo-datatype T is called "subtype". T can be anything that can be compared.

Uncommon, template metaprogramming is a way of making algorithms evaluate when your code is compiled.