Table of Chinese monarchs - Table of Chinese monarchs Always put the following on top As the reader can see, this page is the second longest wikipedian article. Any mistake can easily slip away from observation. So for a uniformity of convention, please also type the Chinese character or Pinyin or Zhuyin pronunciation with any romanization you have typed. Thanks very much. Requested list of sovereigns Sovereigns of: Bohai (渤海 bo2 hai3) Nanzhao (南詔 nan2 zhao4) Dali (大理 da4 li3) Huns or Xiongnu(匈奴 xiong1 nu2) Tibet or Tubo (吐蕃 tu3 fan1 sometimes pronounced as 吐播tu bo1) Huihe(回紇 hui2 he2) or Uighurs Gokturks or 突厥 tu2 jue2 Avars or Rouran 柔然 rou2 ran2. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Tables 1.1 Xia Dynasty 1.2 Shang Dynasty 1.3 Zhou Dynasty 1.4 Qin Dynasty 1.5 Han.
List of China-related topics - (or one that should not be here but is), please do update the page accordingly. Misc 1 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Wikipedia discussions/working pages See Wikipedia:History standards for China-related articles Wikipedia:Manual of Style for China-related articles Wikipedia:Naming conventions (Chinese) for guidelines on how to correctly name Chinese related articles. Those standards should be followed to provide a uniform title format. Talk:China for a general Q&A on China. Talk:Transcription of Chinese for transcribing and romanization (or, more specifically, pinyinization) in Chinese articles. Wikipedia:WikiProject Chinese characters Wikipedia:WikiProject Chinese provinces for a project of formating Chines province articles similar to WikiProject U.S. States and WikiProject French departements Wikipedia:WikiProject Chinese provinces/Status for current.
Mojibake - change) is Japanese for broken characters: garbage that comes out when one tries to display international character sets through software not configured for them. It is called luan ma (亂碼 or 乱码 luan4 ma3), or "chaotic code(s)", in Chinese. Example: "文字化け" is displayed as "•¶Žš‰»‚¯" External Links What Is Mojibake? - an excellent article about mojibake. 乱码大全 (A Comprehensive Guide to Mojibake) (in simplified Chinese).
Hiragana - "flat/plain kana") and katakana; the Chinese characters known as kanji; and alphabetic letters known as romaji ("Roman characters"). As the alphabet, hiragana can be used for transliteration, a method to represent one language by the alphabet of another language. Hiragana is used for words for which a suitable Kanji representation is not established, not known to the writer, not expected to be known to the readers, or too formal for the writing purpose. (Previous versions gave an example of "neko", but it is written casually in Kanji or biologically in Katakana.) To write foreign words, onomatopoeic words, or biological name, katakana is used. However, to give a "cute" appearance, or for text for very young children, hiragana is very often used in place of katakana. It is made of 46 characters,.
Abbreviation - particular collocations of letters represented by somewhat arbitrary symbols. The commonest form of abbreviation is the substitution for a word of its initial letter; but, with a view to prevent ambiguity, one or more of the other letters are frequently added. In some languages, letters are often doubled to indicate a plural or a superlative. In modern English there are several conventions in use for abbreviations and it may not be clear which one is best. Publishers sometimes express their preferences in a style guide. Some of the questions which may arise: Upper or lower case letters? If the original word was capitalised, then the first letter of its abbreviation will also be capital, e.g., U.S. for United States. But when abbreviating lower case letters, there is no clear guide. Usage.
Simplified Chinese character - Simplified Chinese character zh-cn:简体中文 Simplified Chinese characters (简体字 or less frequently 简化字) are one of two standard character sets used in contemporary Chinese written language printing text. The other form is Traditional Chinese. Mainland China (where it was developed) and Singapore generally use this character set. It appears very sparingly in printed text in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan. Persons learning Chinese as a foreign language in the United States will generally learn the Simplified Set (as it is coupled with the Hanyu Pinyin system). In all areas, most handwritten text will include informal character simplifications, and some characters (such as the Tai in Taiwan) have informal simplified forms that appear more commonly than the official forms, even in print. Although associated with the People's Republic.
Han Chinese - Han Chinese zh-cn:汉族 zh-tw:漢族 Han Chinese (Traditional: 漢, Simplified: 汉 in Pinyin: han4) is a term which refers to the majority ethnic group within China which constitutes over 92% of the population. The term Han Chinese is sometimes used synonomously with "Chinese"; this usage tends to be frowned upon by Chinese. It was occasionally translated as "Chinese proper" in older texts (pre-1980s). The term was first used in the 19th century to distinguish the majority from the Manchu minority which ruled China. The name comes from the Han Dynasty which ruled the parts of China where Han Chinese originate. Many Uighurs, either disparagingly call the Han Chinese Anangga ski Hanzular or apply on them the historical ethnonym of Hitay (Khitan), originally belonging to a Confucian, but Mongolic.
Traditional Chinese character - Traditional Chinese character zh-cn:繁体中文 Traditional Chinese characters (正體字) are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. The other form is Simplified Chinese. This form of writing is most popular in Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, and overseas Chinese communities. Among Chinese people, Traditional Chinese characters are also called Complicated Chinese characters (繁體字) or orally Old characters (老字). When printing text, people in Mainland China and Singapore use mainly the simplified system, which was developed by the People's Republic of China government in the 1950s. However, the PRC also prints material intended to be read outside of Mainland China using traditional characters. When handwriting text, most Chinese will use informal individual simplifications, and there are some characters in which an informal simplified form is.
Chinese family name - Chinese family name A Chinese family name/clan name/surname (姓, pinyin: xìng) refers to one of the over seven hundred family names used by Han Chinese and Sinicized Chinese ethnic groups. The term the hundred family names (百姓 bǎixìng) is colloquially used in Chinese to mean people/commoners. Chinese family names are passed from the father, and there is generally a taboo against marriage between persons of the same surname. In cases of adoption, the adoptee also takes the same surname. Although there are over 700 Chinese family names, the vast majority of Chinese have relatively few names. The 20 most common names are used by the majority of Chinese. The reason for this is statistical it is more likely that the father of a child will have.
Chinese sovereign - Chinese sovereign The king or wang (王 wang2) was the Chinese head of state from the Zhou to Qin dynasties. After that, Wang (sometimes translated "prince") became merely the head of the hierarchy of noble ranks. The title was commonly given to members of the Emperor's family and could be inherited. The characters huang (皇 huang2 "godking") and di (帝 "sage king") were used separately and never consecutively (See Three Huang and five Di), and reserved for mythological rulers until the first emperor of Qin (Qin Shi Huangdi). The emperor or huangdi (皇帝 in pinyin: huang2 di4) of China then became the title of head of state of China from the Qin dynasty (A.D.221) to the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911. From the Han.
Chinese era name - Chinese era name A Chinese era name, commonly referred to in Chinese as Nian Hao (traditional Chinese: 年號, simplified Chinese: 年号, pinyin nían hào), is the "era name" commonly used when numbering years in an emperor's reign and naming certain Chinese rulers. Some emperors have several era names one after another, and each beginning of a new era resets the year back to one or yuán (元). The era name originated as a motto or slogan chosen by an emperor. Han Wudi was conventionally regarded as the first emperor to declare a nian hao; however he was only the first to use a nian hao in every year of his reign. His grandfather and father also employed nian hao, though not continuously. Han Wudi changed period.
Chinese character encoding - Chinese character encoding Chinese character encoding is needed for the display of Chinese characters in computers, used in the Chinese, Japanese, and Korean languages (collectively CJK). The following are common Chinese encoding systems: Guobiao is used in Mainland China. All Guobiao standards are prefixed by GB, the latest version is GB18030 which is a one, two or four byte encoding. Big5, used in Taiwan and Hong Kong, is a one or two byte encoding. Unicode Guobiao is usually displayed using simplified characters and Big5 is usually displayed using traditional characters. There is however no mandated connection between the encoding system and the font used to display the characters, though font and encoding are always tied together for practical reasons. For example, one cannot map traditional Chinese.
Sie and hir - commentators feel that it is unlikely that they will catch on. Some science fiction writers have been known to use the sie and hir pronouns for fictional hermaphrodite characters. The recommended usage is shown in the table below. See Declension for more information on each of the cases. Subject Object Possessive Adjective Possessive Pronoun Reflexive Male He laughed I hit him His face bled I am his He shaves himself Female She laughed I hit her Her face bled I am hers She shaves herself Gender-free Sie laughed I hit hir Hir face bled I am hirs Sie shaves hirself You can capitalise these words for all of the reasons you might capitalise other pronouns. For example, if you believe in a transgendered deity, then you might pray to Hir in.
Microsoft Version Number - this number by selecting "Help" and "About" from the menu. This version number is composed of 4 parts separated by periods and may include alpha characters. The first number is the primary version number, the second number is the secondary version number, the third number is the build number, and the forth number is a complex number that includes the Service Pack release, International Client pack and hotfix numbers. Primary and Secondary Version Number As Microsoft develops a software product new functions or features are added, major new features may be indicated with a new primary version number, minor functions or features will increment the secondary version number. For example: I am currently running Internet Explorer version 5.50.4807.2300. The primary and secondary version is 5.50. The build number is 4807 and.
Singlish - rest of the world has launched the Speak Good English Movement to eradicate it. Use of Singlish on television or radio is banned and schools can fine students caught speaking Singlish. Most Singaporeans, on the other hand, think "bladi Garmen si peh kaypoh one, why always so bedek kacang hor?". This sentence can be approximately broken down into: "bladi Garmen" - bloody Government "si peh" - very (from Hokkien, a Chinese dialect) "kaypoh" - busybody (from Hokkien) "one" - extraneous modifier "why always so" - indication of harbored displeasure "bedek kacang" - lit. 'aiming at peanuts' (Malay); in this sentence, can probably be taken to mean 'meddlesome' or 'annoying' "hor?" - Chinese prompt for affirmation, somewhat like n'est-ce pas? of French. Vocabulary Singlish is influenced by both British and increasingly American.
Education in the People's Republic of China - universalize elementary and junior middle school education; to increase the number of schools and qualified teachers; and to develop vocational and technical education. A uniform standard for curricula, textbooks, examinations, and teacher qualifications (especially at the middle-school level) was established, and considerable autonomy and variations in and among the autonomous regions, provinces, and special municipalities were allowed. Further, the system of enrollment and job assignment in higher education was changed, and excessive government control over colleges and universities was reduced. The education system To provide for its population, China has a vast and varied school system. There are preschools, kindergartens, schools for the deaf and blind, key schools (similar to college preparatory schools), primary schools, secondary schools (comprising junior and senior middle schools, secondary agricultural and vocational schools, regular secondary schools,.
Han Dynasty - History of the PRC (1949-1976) History of the PRC (1976-present) Timeline of Chinese History The Han Dynasty (Traditional Chinese characters: 漢朝, Simplified Chinese characters: 汉朝, pinyin Hàncháo 202 BC - AD 220) followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. During the Han Dynasty, China officially became a Confucian state and prospered domestically: agriculture, handicrafts and commerce flourished, and the population reached 50 million. Meanwhile, the empire extended its political and cultural influence over Vietnam, Central Asia, Mongolia, and Korea before it finally collapsed under a mixture of domestic and external pressures. The first of the two periods of the dynasty, namely the Former Han Dynasty (Qian Han 前漢) or the Western Han Dynasty (Xi Han 西漢) 206 BC - AD 9 seated at Changan (now Xian). The.
Adventure game - genre, it takes in many game styles and really any subject could be turned to an adventure. Typically an adventure is very story driven with characters and locales that are consistent within the game world. The fundamental basis of most adventure games involves a main character, a game environment, non-player characters, and objects; the player controls the main character, and can interact with the other elements. Adventure games are based around puzzles, which are solved through these interactions. Adventure games heavily emphasise thought and problem-solving abilities over the fast reflexes of more action styled games. Adventure games blend very much into Role-playing games the reader may note that the generic description above could almost as well describe the RPG. The two are generally differentiated by several features. Adventure games do not.
Zhan Guo Ce - Guo Ce Zhan Guo Ce (simplified Chinese: 战国策, traditional Chinese: 戰國策, pinyin: zhàn guó cè) (ZGC) was a renowned ancient Chinese historical work on the Warring States Period compiled in late Western Han Dynasty by Liu Xiang (劉向). It is an important literature in the research of Warring States Period as it accounts the strategies and political views of the school of negotiations and reveals the historical and social characteristics of the period. Alternative English titles include Zhanguoce, Stratagems of the Warring States, Intrigues of the Warring States, Chronicles of the Warring States, Records of the Warring States, Record of the Warring States, Annals of the Warring States, The Strategies of the Warring States, Strategies of the Warring States, Strategics of the Warring States, Collection of Strategies of the Warring States,.
Orders of magnitude (numbers) - 2001 Lottery: The odds of winning any prize in the UK National Lottery, with a single ticket, under the current rules, are 54 to 1 against, for a probability of about 1.8% Poker: The odds of being dealt a three of a kind in poker are 46 to 1 against, for a probability of 2.1% Lottery: The odds of winning any prize in the US Powerball Multistate Lottery, with a single ticket, under the current rules, are 36.06 to 1 against, for a probability of 2.8% Poker: The odds of being dealt two pair in poker are 20 to 1 against, for a probability of 4.8%. 10-1 Poker: The odds of being dealt only one pair in poker are about 4 to 3 against (1.37 to 1), for a probability of.
